家长与中小学生中高强度身体活动和静态行为的关联

姚梓枫; 叶荣荣; 陈嘉德; 徐鹏; 黄燕红; 李丽霞; 李红娟; 郜艳晖

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025021

家长与中小学生中高强度身体活动和静态行为的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025021

1.
暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院医学统计学教研室，广东广州 510632
2.
广东药科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室
3.
北京体育大学运动人体科学学院/运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金教育学重点项目 ALA190015

详细信息

作者简介:
姚梓枫(1997-)，男，广东广州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为流行病与卫生统计学方法及应用

通讯作者:
郜艳晖，E-mail：gao_yanhui@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 G78
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-17
- 修回日期: 2024-12-14
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-25

Association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity and sedentary behavior among primary and secondary school students and their parents

1.
Department of Medical Statistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou (510632), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨家长中高强度身体活动(MVPA)、静态行为(SB)与中小学生MVPA、SB的关联，为制定针对性的儿童青少年身体活动促进策略提供科学依据。方法 2021年—2022年，采用方便抽样与整群抽样相结合的方法收集广州市海珠区5所中小学的2 484对学生及其家长的基本信息和24 h活动行为情况。构建成分回归模型分析家长MVPA、SB与中小学生MVPA、SB的关系，并采用成分等时替代模型探讨家长MVPA、剩余成分(24 h中除SB外的时间使用成分)和SB之间相互替代对中小学生MVPA和SB行为活动的影响。结果一至三年级学生家长MVPA和SB与学生的MVPA和SB均呈正相关(β值分别为0.06，0.12，P值均 < 0.01)。成分等时替代模型显示，一至三年级学生家长用10 min和20 min MVPA替代SB与学生MVPA增加有关，用10 min和20 min剩余成分替代SB与学生SB减少有关，平均变化量分别为0.8(95%CI=0.4~1.2)和1.4(95%CI=0.7~2.2)、-1.4(95%CI=-1.7~-1.1)和-2.9(95%CI=-3.4~-2.3)(P值均 < 0.05)。四至六年级和七至九年级学生家长与学生身体活动和静态行为间未观察到有统计学意义的关联(P值均>0.05)。结论一至三年级学生家长增加MVPA和减少SB对学生增加MVPA和减少SB有益。可通过家长促进中小学生身体活动，且干预关口应提前，低年级为最佳干预期。
- 运动活动 /
- 静态行为 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 法定监护人
Abstract: Objective To explore the associations of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among primary and secondary school students and their parents, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted physical activity promotion strategies for children and adolescents. Methods From 2021 to 2022, basic information and 24 h movement behaviors of 2 484 pairs of students and their parents were collected from five primary and secondary schools in Haizhu District, Guangzhou City, with a convenient sampling combining with cluster sampling method. Component regression models were constructed to analyze the relationship between parental MVPA, SB and primary and secondary school students' MVPA and SB, and a component isochronous substitution model was used to explore the effects of mutual substitution between parental MVPA, residual components (time-use components other than SB during the 24 h period), and SB on the behavioral activities of MVPA and SB in primary and secondary school students. Results Parental MVPA and SB of students in grade 1 to 3 were positively correlated with both students' MVPA and SB (β=0.06, 0.12, P < 0.01). The component isochronous substitution model showed that substituting 10 and 20 minutes of MVPA for SB by parents in grade 1 to 3 was associated with an increase in MVPA of students, and substituting 10 and 20 minutes of residual ingredients for SB was associated with a decrease in SB of students, with mean changes of 0.8 (95%CI=0.4-1.2) and 1.4 (95%CI=0.7-2.2) and -1.4 (95%CI=-1.7 to -1.1) and -2.9 (95%CI=-3.4 to -2.3)(P < 0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed between parents of students in grades 4 to 6 and 7 to 9 and students' physical activity and sedentary behaviour (P>0.05). Conclusions Parents of students in grades 1 to 3 increases MVPA and decrease SB are beneficial to increase MVPA and decrease SB of students. Parents could promote physical activity among primary and secondary school students, and the intervention gateway should be advanced, with the low grades as the optimal intervention period.
- Motor activity /
- Sedentary behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Legal guardians
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 家长MVPA、剩余成分和SB重新分配引起中小学生MVPA、SB行为活动的变化

注： A横坐标正值代表MVPA替代SB，负值代表SB替代MVPA；B横坐标正值代表剩余成分替代SB，负值代表SB替代剩余成分。

Figure 1. Redistribution among parental MVPA, residual components, and SB causing changes in MVPA, SB behavioral activity of primary and secondary school students

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表 1 中小学生及家长的24 h活动行为时间及比例[G(%)]

Table 1. Duration and proportion of 24 h active behavior of primary and secondary school students, and parents[G(%)]

年级	人数	学生				家长
年级	人数	MVPA	LPA	SB	SLP	MVPA	LPA	SB	SLP
一至三	1 037	46.29(3.21)	482.70(33.52)	310.61(21.57)	600.41(41.69)	29.36(2.04)	678.25(47.10)	265.18(18.42)	467.21(32.45)
四至六	736	65.01(4.51)	325.88(22.63)	409.85(28.46)	639.26(44.39)	25.51(1.77)	734.27(50.99)	230.57(16.01)	449.66(31.23)
七至九	711	55.99(3.89)	351.94(24.44)	470.35(32.66)	561.71(39.01)	30.62(2.13)	695.57(48.30)	258.77(17.97)	455.04(31.60)
注： G为24 h活动行为时间几何均数；()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 家长MVPA、SB对中小学生MVPA、SB影响的双成分回归分析

Table 2. Dual component regression analysis of the effects of parental MVPA and SB on MVPA and SB of primary and secondary school students

年级	家长活动	学生MVPA				学生SB
年级	家长活动	β值	标准误	P值	相对优势/%	β值	标准误	P值	相对优势/%
一至三	MVPA	0.06	0.01	< 0.01	4.25	0.01	0.01	0.50	0.70
	SB	-0.01	0.02	0.56	-0.69	0.12	0.02	< 0.01	8.67
四至六	MVPA	0.03	0.03	0.41	2.10	-0.01	0.01	0.55	-0.69
	SB	-0.10	0.06	0.12	-6.70	0.05	0.03	0.10	3.53
七至九	MVPA	-0.01	0.03	0.77	-0.69	0.01	0.02	0.62	0.70
	SB	0.07	0.06	0.25	4.97	0.01	0.03	0.82	0.70

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表 3 家长MVPA、剩余成分和SB重新分配引起中小学生MVPA、SB行为活动的变化量

Table 3. Redistribution among parental MVPA, residual components and SB causing changes in MVPA and SB of primary and secondary school students

年级	家长活动	学生MVPA		学生SB
年级	家长活动	10 min	20 min	10 min	20 min
一至三	MVPA替代SB	0.8(0.4~1.2)	1.4(0.7~2.2)	0.6(-0.8~1.9)	0.7(-1.7~3.1)
	SB替代MVPA	-1.1(-1.7~-0.6)	-3.0(-4.4~-1.7)	-1.3(-3.2~0.5)	-4.6(-9.7~0.4)
	剩余成分替代SB	-0.1(-0.2~0.0)	-0.2(-0.3~-0.1)	-1.4(-1.7~-1.1)	-2.9(-3.4~-2.3)
	SB替代剩余成分	0.1(0.0~0.1)	0.2(0.0~0.3)	1.4(1.1~1.6)	2.7(2.2~3.2)
四至六	MVPA替代SB	0.8(-0.7~2.3)	1.5(-1.3~4.2)	-0.3(-2.8~2.2)	-0.7(-5.0~3.8)
	SB替代MVPA	-1.0(-3.2~1.1)	-2.8(-9.2~3.4)	0.3(-3.3~3.9)	0.8(-10.2~11.6)
	剩余成分替代SB	0.1(-0.2~0.3)	0.2(-0.3~0.7)	0.1(-0.4~0.6)	0.3(-0.8~1.3)
	SB替代剩余成分	-0.1(-0.3~0.2)	-0.2(-0.7~0.3)	-0.1(-0.6~0.4)	-0.2(-1.2~0.7)
七至九	MVPA替代SB	-0.2(-1.2~0.7)	-0.4(-2.2~1.2)	0.4(-2.1~2.7)	0.6(-3.8~4.8)
	SB替代MVPA	0.3(-1.0~1.6)	0.6(-2.8~4.1)	-0.7(-3.9~2.6)	-2.1(-10.6~6.7)
	剩余成分替代SB	-0.1(-0.2~0.1)	-0.1(-0.5~0.3)	0.0(-0.5~0.5)	0.0(-0.9~1.1)
	SB替代剩余成分	0.1(-0.1~0.2)	0.1(-0.3~0.5)	0.0(-0.5~0.4)	0.0(-1.0~0.9)
注： ()内数字为95%CI。

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