浙江省小学生课后体育服务课程身体活动水平及相关因素

周俊杰; 韩雨航; 李妞妞; 钟烨程; 徐文红

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025019

浙江省小学生课后体育服务课程身体活动水平及相关因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025019

浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院，金华 321004

基金项目:

浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划项目(新苗人才计划) 2023R404087

详细信息

作者简介:
周俊杰(1999-)，男，浙江泰顺人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校体育、儿童青少年身体活动

通讯作者:
徐文红，E-mail: xuwenhong@zjnu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 G804.49
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-19
- 修回日期: 2024-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-25

Physical activity level and the associated factors of after-school sports service courses for primary school students in Zhejiang Province

College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua (321004), Zhejiang Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解浙江省小学生课后体育服务期间身体活动(PA)水平及相关因素，为小学生课后体育服务PA及健康促进提供参考。方法 2024年4—5月，采用方便抽样与分层整群抽样相结合的方法，从杭州市、宁波市、温州市3所小学抽取314名小学生参与调查。采用ActiGraph wGT3-BT加速度计测量小学生课后体育服务期间身体活动水平，使用家庭社会经济地位问卷、国际体力活动问卷短卷以及中文版儿童青少年家庭支持量表调查家庭相关因素。采用独立样本t检验、方差分析以及多元线性回归对数据进行分析。结果小学生平均每次课后体育服务静态行为、低强度身体活动以及中高强度身体活动时间分别为(19.34±3.73)(12.43±2.39)(8.23±2.31)min。多元线性回归分析结果显示，小学生课后体育服务期间静态行为相关因素包括性别、水平阶段、家庭社会经济地位和家长日常身体活动水平(β值分别为0.17，0.17，-0.27，-0.17)；低强度身体活动相关因素包括性别和家庭社会经济地位(β值分别为-0.22，0.15)；中高强度身体活动相关因素包括水平阶段、家庭社会经济地位和家长日常身体活动水平(β值分别为-0.18，0.31，0.18)(P值均 < 0.01)。结论浙江省小学生课后体育服务期间中高强度身体活动水平偏低。应考虑相关因素的不利影响，提升小学生课后体育服务期间身体活动水平。
- 运动活动 /
- 体育和训练 /
- 课程 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the physical activity levels and influencing factors among primary school students during after-school sports services in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide references for PA and health promotion of after-school sports services. Methods From April to May 2024, a combined method of convenience sampling and stratified cluster sampling was used to select 314 primary school students from three primary schools in Hangzhou, Ningbo, and Wenzhou for the survey. The ActiGraph wGT3-BT accelerometer was used to measure the physical activity levels of primary school students during their after-school sports services. Family Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and Activity Support Scale for Children (ACTS-CN) were used to investigate family associated factors. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression. Results During after-school sports services on average, the sedentary behavior, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity durations of primary school students were (19.34±3.73) minutes, (12.43±2.39) minutes and (8.23±2.31) minutes, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the associated factors of sedentary behavior during after-school sports services among primary school students included gender, grade level, family socioeconomic status and parents' daily physical activity levels (β=0.17, 0.17, -0.27, -0.17); the associated factors of light-intensity physical activity included gender and family socioeconomic status (β=-0.22, 0.15); and the associated factors of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity included grade level, family socioeconomic status and parents' daily physical activity levels (β=-0.18, 0.31, 0.18) (P < 0.01). Conclusions The moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity levels of primary school students during after-school sports services in Zhejiang Province are relatively low. The adverse effects of relevant factors should be considered to enhance the physical activity levels of primary school students during after-school sports services.
- Motor activity /
- Physical education and training /
- Curriculum /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别小学生课后体育服务身体活动时间比较(x±s，min)

Table 1. Comparison of physical activity time in after-school sports service among different groups of primary school students(x±s, min)

组别	选项	人数	统计值	SB	LPA	MVPA
性别	男	162		18.63±3.59	12.98±2.40	8.39±2.19
	女	152		20.10±3.74	11.84±2.34	8.06±2.42
			t值	-3.55	4.35	1.25
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.21
BMI	非超重肥胖	198		19.45±3.76	12.24±2.28	8.32±2.43
	超重肥胖	116		19.17±3.68	12.76±2.54	8.08±2.08
			t值	0.64	-1.87	0.89
			P值	0.52	0.06	0.38
水平阶段	水平一	103		18.66±3.59	12.72±2.37	8.62±1.74
	水平二	119		18.86±3.55	12.51±2.07	8.63±2.34
	水平三	92		20.73±3.78	12.00±2.74	7.27±2.55
			F值	9.62	2.31	10.40^#
			P值	< 0.01	0.10	< 0.01
家长支持	低分组	57		18.38±3.22	12.85±2.26	8.77±1.97
	中得分组	81		19.23±3.83	12.48±2.54	8.29±2.43
	高分组	176		19.71±3.80	12.26±2.35	8.03±2.34
			F值	2.80	1.34	2.25
			P值	0.06	0.27	0.10
家庭SES	低	77		20.93±3.53	12.04±2.52	7.03±2.34
	中	169		19.52±3.52	12.25±2.24	8.23±2.04
	高	68		17.10±3.43	13.29±2.43	9.61±2.41
			F值	22.06	6.09	26.14
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
家长日常PA	低强度	86		20.26±3.53	12.01±2.22	7.74±2.32
水平	中等强度	149		19.51±3.48	12.56±2.42	7.93±2.02
	高强度	79		18.03±4.07	12.64±2.49	9.33±2.47
			F值	7.93	1.87	13.06
			P值	< 0.01	0.16	< 0.01
注： ^#为采用方差分析不齐时的Welch法。

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表 2 小学生课后体育服务身体活动水平多元线性回归分析(n=314)

Table 2. Multivariate linear regression analysis of physical activity levels in after-school sports service for primary school students(n=314)

因变量	自变量	B值	标准误	β值	t值	P值
SB	性别	1.29	0.38	0.17	3.38	< 0.01
	水平阶段	0.78	0.24	0.17	3.22	< 0.01
	家庭SES	-1.49	0.29	-0.27	-5.17	< 0.01
	家长日常PA水平	-0.86	0.27	-0.17	-3.23	< 0.01
LPA	性别	-1.07	0.26	-0.22	-4.10	< 0.01
	家庭SES	0.53	0.19	0.15	2.77	< 0.01
MVPA	性别	-0.20	0.24	-0.04	-0.85	0.40
	水平阶段	-0.51	0.15	-0.18	-3.42	< 0.01
	家庭SES	1.07	0.18	0.31	5.98	< 0.01
	家长日常PA水平	0.59	0.17	0.18	3.55	< 0.01

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