北京市中小学生睡眠不足与筛查性近视的关联

王路; 赵海; 孙冰洁; 夏志伟; 郭欣

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025013

北京市中小学生睡眠不足与筛查性近视的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025013

王路¹,
赵海¹,
孙冰洁¹,
夏志伟¹,
郭欣^2, ,

1.
北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所，100013
2.
中国疾病预防控制中心

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2021YFC2702100

详细信息

作者简介:
王路(1987-)，女，山东临沂人，硕士，主管医师，主要从事学生近视防控工作

通讯作者:
郭欣，E-mail：gguoxin2000@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 Q428 R778.1⁺¹
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- 文章访问数: 192
- HTML全文浏览量: 65
- PDF下载量: 80
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-07
- 修回日期: 2024-12-13
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-25

Correlation of short sleep duration and screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Beijing

1.
Department of School Health, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing (100013), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨北京市中小学生睡眠不足及其与筛查性近视的关联，为综合防控学生近视提供基础依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，于2023年9—11月抽取北京市16个区25 593名中小学生，采用国家学生常见病和健康影响因素监测调查表进行问卷调查，按照《中小学生屈光不正筛查规范》进行视力检测。采用χ²检验比较不同组别中小学生睡眠不足报告率和筛查性近视检出率，采用二元Logistic回归分析中小学生睡眠不足与筛查性近视的关联。结果 68.63%的中小学生报告睡眠不足，不同学段学生睡眠不足报告率差异有统计学意义，其中职业高中生报告率最低(47.07%)、普通高中生报告率最高(76.17%)(χ²=981.18，P < 0.01)。睡眠不足的小学生(57.09%)和初中生(76.53%)筛查性近视检出率均高于报告睡眠充足者(52.65%，71.94%)，且差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为14.83，17.96，P值均 < 0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，与睡眠充足者比较，睡眠不足的中小学生筛查性近视风险较高(OR=1.25)；调整学段、性别、地区、住校情况等混杂因素后，睡眠不足的中小学生筛查性近视发生风险均较高(OR=1.26)(P值均 < 0.01)。按学段分层后分析结果显示，睡眠不足的小学生(四至六年级)和初中生筛查性近视发生风险仍较高(OR值分别为1.18，1.20，P值均 < 0.01)。结论北京市睡眠不足的中小学生筛查性近视的发生风险较高，家庭、学校、社会等应共同保障学生的睡眠时间，以降低近视的发生。
- 睡眠异常 /
- 近视 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To study the correlation between short sleep duration and screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Beijing, so as to provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of myopia among students. Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling, 25 593 primary and middle school students from 16 districts of Beijing were selected from September to November 2023. The National Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors Monitoring Survey Questionnaire was used to conduct a questionnaire survey, and visual acuity was tested according to the Specification for the Screening of Refractive Error in Primary and Middle School Students. The reporting rates of short sleep duration and detection rates of screening myopia among primary and middle school students were compared using the Chi-square test. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between short sleep duration and screening myopia. Results About 68.63% of students reported short sleep duration. There was a statistically significant difference in the reporting rate of short sleep duration among students in different school stages (χ²=981.18, P < 0.01), with the lowest reporting rate of vocational high school students (47.07%) and the highest reporting rate of ordinary high school students (76.17%). The detection rates of screening myopia among primary school students (57.09%) and middle school students (76.53%) who reported short sleep duration were higher than those who reported enough sleep duration (52.65%, 71.94%), with satistically significant differences (χ²=14.83, 17.96, P < 0.01). The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that primary and middle school students with short sleep duration had a higher risk of developing screening myopia, compared to students with enough sleep duration (OR=1.25); after adjusting for confounding factors such as educational stage, gender, region, boarding situation, primary and secondary school students with short sleep duration still had a higher risk of screening myopia (OR=1.26) (P < 0.01). The analysis results stratified by educational stage showed that primary school students from grades 4-6 and middle school students with short sleep duration had a higher risk of screening myopia (OR=1.18, 1.20, P < 0.01). Conclusions Primary and secondary school students in Beijing with short sleep duration sleep have a higher risk of developing screening myopia. Families, schools, and society should ensure enough sleep duration to reduce the occurrence of myopia among students.
- Dyssomnias /
- Myopia /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别中小学生睡眠不足报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of sleep deprivation reporting rates among primary and middle school students in different groups

组别	选项	人数	睡眠不足人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	13 174	8 816(66.92)	36.58	< 0.01
	女	12 419	8 748(70.44)
地区	城区	10 513	7 920(75.34)	372.81	< 0.01
	郊区	15 080	9 644(63.95)
学段	小学四至六年级	8 217	5 383(65.51)	981.18	< 0.01
	初中	8 292	6 157(74.25)
	普高	6 008	4 576(76.17)
	职高	3 076	1 448(47.07)
是否住校	是	3 594	2 003(55.73)	322.99	< 0.01
	否	21 999	15 561(70.74)
是否近视	是	18 267	12 795(70.04)	59.45	< 0.01
	否	7 326	4 769(65.10)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 不同学段不同睡眠状况下中小学生筛查性近视检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of the detection rate of screening myopia among primary and middle school students under different sleep conditions in different school stages

学段	睡眠充足	人数	筛查性近视	χ²值	P值
小学四至六年级	是	2 834	1 492(52.65)	14.83	< 0.01
	否	5 383	3 073(57.09)
初中	是	2 135	1 536(71.94)	17.96	< 0.01
	否	6 157	4 712(76.53)
普高	是	1 432	1 216(84.92)	0.20	0.65
	否	4 576	3 908(85.40)
职高	是	1 628	1 228(75.43)	0.19	0.66
	否	1 448	1 102(76.10)
合计	是	8 029	5 472(68.15)	59.45	< 0.01
	否	17 564	12 795(72.85)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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