家庭功能与幼儿睡眠质量及外化问题行为的关系

陆艳平; 郭诗; 周明月; 朱冬梅; 余毅震

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025011

家庭功能与幼儿睡眠质量及外化问题行为的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025011

陆艳平¹,
郭诗²,
周明月²,
朱冬梅^2, ,,
余毅震^3, ,

1.
武汉市东西湖区妇幼保健院儿童保健科，湖北 430040
2.
江汉大学教育学院
3.
华中科技大学同济医学院

基金项目:

武汉市卫生健康委员会面上项目 WG21D08

湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目(指导性项目) 23G122

详细信息

作者简介:
陆艳平(1980-)，女，湖北钟祥人，博士，主治医师，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健

通讯作者:
朱冬梅，E-mail: dongmei_zhu@jhun.edu.cn

余毅震，E-mail: yuyizhen650@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G78 Q428 B844.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-30
- 修回日期: 2024-11-20
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-25

Relationship of family function with sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors among preschool children

LU Yanping¹,
GUO Shi²,
ZHOU Mingyue²,
ZHU Dongmei^{2
, ,},
YU Yizhen^{3
, ,}

1.
Department of Child Healthcare, Dongxihu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan(430040), Hubei Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨家庭功能与幼儿睡眠质量和外化问题行为的关系，为预防和干预幼儿外化问题行为提供指导。方法 2023年10月—2024年1月，采用方便抽样方法选取湖北省武汉市8个区的5 138名幼儿园儿童进行问卷调查，由幼儿家长完成家庭亲密度和适应性量表、儿童睡眠习惯和儿童行为量表的调查。利用Spearman相关分析家庭功能与幼儿睡眠质量及外化问题行为得分的相关性；采用中介模型分析及Bootstrap检验进一步考察幼儿睡眠质量在家庭功能和外化问题行为间的中介作用；采用Mplus 8.7软件对家庭功能进行潜在剖面分析。结果幼儿睡眠质量不良报告率为11.8%(607名)，外化问题行为报告率为20.0%(1 026名)。相关分析结果显示，家庭功能与幼儿睡眠质量、外化问题行为均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.20，-0.23)，幼儿睡眠质量与外化问题行为呈正相关(r=0.27)(P值均 < 0.01)。中介效应检验显示，家庭功能负向预测幼儿外化问题行为(β=-0.079)和睡眠质量(β=-0.075)，幼儿睡眠质量正向预测外化问题行为(β=0.215)(P值均 < 0.01)。潜在剖面分析结果显示，家庭功能可分为4种类别：高家庭功能组(23.01%)、中上家庭功能组(44.65%)、中等家庭功能组(26.24%)、低家庭功能组(6.11%)；以“高家庭功能”为参照，其他3个类别均正向预测外化问题行为，不同家庭功能水平通过睡眠质量的中介效应有统计学意义[中上家庭功能：中介效应值为0.022(95%CI=0.004~0.041)，直接效应值为0.329(95%CI=0.263~0.396)；中等家庭功能：中介效应值为0.087(95%CI=0.063~0.115)，直接效应值为0.491(95%CI=0.416~0.565)；低家庭功能：中介效应值为0.144(95%CI=0.107~0.185)，直接效应值为0.621(95%CI=0.503~0.740)](P值均 < 0.05)。结论家庭功能负向预测幼儿的外化问题行为，睡眠质量在其中发挥部分中介作用。
- 家庭 /
- 睡眠 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 行为 /
- 儿童 /
- 学龄前
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship of family function with sleep and externalizing problem behaviors of preschool children, so as to provide a guidance for externalizing problem prevention and intervention among preschool children. Methods From October 2023 to January 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 5 138 preschool children from kindergartens in 8 districts of Wuhan City, Hubei Province. Parents completed the survey for Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, children's sleep habits and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation of family function with scores of sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors among preschool children. A mediation model analysis and bootstrap test were conducted to further investigate the mediating role of sleep quality between family function and externalizing problem behaviors. Mplus 8.7 software was used for latent profile analysis of family function. Results The reported rates of poor sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors among preschool children were 11.8% (n=607), 20.0% (n=1 026). The relevant analysis results showed that family function was negatively correlated with sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors (r=-0.20, -0.23), and sleep quality was positively correlated with externalizing problem behaviors (r=0.27) (P < 0.01). The mediation effect test showed that family function negatively predicted externalizing problem behaviors (β=-0.079) and sleep quality (β=-0.075), while sleep quality positively predicted externalizing problem behaviors (β=0.215) (P < 0.01). The latent profile analysis results showed that family function could be classified into 4 categories: high family function group (23.01%), upper middle family function group (44.65%), moderate family function group (26.24%) and low family function group (6.11%). Compared to high family function, the other three categories significantly positively predicted externalizing problem behaviors, and the mediating effects of sleep quality on different categories of family function were statistically significant [upper middle family function: mediation effect value was 0.022 (95%CI=0.004-0.041) and direct effect value was 0.329 (95%CI=0.263-0.396); middle family function: mediation effect value was 0.087 (95%CI=0.063-0.115) and direct effect value was 0.491 (95%CI=0.416-0.565); low family function: mediation effect value was 0.144 (95%CI=0.107-0.185) and direct effect 0.621 (95%CI=0.503-0.740)] (P < 0.05). Conclusion Family function negatively predicts the externalizing problem behaviors of preschool children, and sleep quality plays a partial mediating role.
- Family /
- Sleep /
- Mental health /
- Behavior /
- Child /
- preschool
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 幼儿不同家庭功能潜在类别平均得分

Figure 1. Average scores of potential categories among different family function groups of preschool children

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同组别幼儿睡眠质量不良和外化问题行为检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of reporting rates of poor sleep quality and externalization problem behaviors among different groups of preschool children

组别	人数	睡眠质量不良		外化问题行为
组别	人数	检出人数	χ²值	检出人数	χ²值
性别
男	2 653	299(11.3)	1.56	443(16.7)	36.72^**
女	2 485	308(12.4)		583(23.5)
家庭类型^a
核心家庭	1 943	218(11.2)	9.01	342(17.6)	17.23^**
大家庭	2 986	357(12.0)		626(21.0)
单亲或重组家庭	89	19(21.3)		27(30.3)
其他	120	13(10.8)		31(25.8)
父亲受教育程度
初中及以下	614	71(11.6)	1.28	159(25.9)	41.40^**
高中/中专	1 251	159(12.7)		288(23.0)
大学/大专	2 933	338(11.5)		541(18.4)
硕士及以上	340	39(11.5)		38(11.2)
母亲受教育程度
初中及以下	662	73(11.0)	5.04	180(27.2)	46.57^**
高中/中专	1 183	125(10.6)		272(23.0)
大学/大专	3 017	368(12.2)		540(17.9)
硕士及以上	276	41(14.9)		34(12.3)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%；^** P < 0.01；^α核心家庭指由父母与未成年子女组成的家庭结构，大家庭指三代及以上同堂，单亲家庭指父母离异或一方亡故，重组家庭指父/母亲再婚，其他为包含上述三类以外的其他类别。

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表 2 幼儿家庭功能的潜在剖面分析(n=5 138)

Table 2. Latent profile analysis of family function among preschool children(n= 5 138)

模型	AIC值	BIC值	aBIC值	Entropy值	P_LMR值	P_BLRT值	类别概率
1	440 649.58	441 042.25	440 851.59	—	—	—	—
2	404 719.65	405 315.19	405 026.02	0.94	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.36/0.64
3	392 566.14	393 364.56	392 976.88	0.92	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.19/0.51/0.29
4	386 025.26	387 026.55	386 540.37	0.93	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.06/0.45/0.26/0.23
5	383 089.38	384 293.55	383 708.86	0.93	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.06/0.27/0.43/0.04/0.21

下载: 导出CSV

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