深圳宝安区中学生体力活动和含糖饮料摄入与心理亚健康的关联

王熙; 高悦; 魏瑞虹; 王亚楠; 周如意; 刘艳红; 李云峰; 任柳盈盈; 万宇辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025004

深圳宝安区中学生体力活动和含糖饮料摄入与心理亚健康的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025004

1.
深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心，广东 518000
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院健康促进与行为科学系
3.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健系
4.
深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院健康教育与促进科

基金项目:

深圳市宝安区医学会2023—2024年度医疗卫生科研项目 BAYXH2024080

详细信息

作者简介:
王熙(1987-)，男，安徽芜湖人，硕士，主管医师，主要研究方向为儿童青少年卫生

通讯作者:
万宇辉，E-mail：wyhayd@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 R155.5⁺⁹
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-22
- 修回日期: 2024-12-09
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-25

Association of physical activity and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption with psychological sub-health among middle school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen

1.
Public Health Service Center, Bao'an District, Shenzhen(518000), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨深圳市宝安区中学生体力活动、含糖饮料摄入与心理亚健康的关联，为促进青少年心理健康提供参考。方法 2024年11月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法从深圳市5所中学抽取6 926名初、高中学生进行问卷调查。使用青少年危险行为因素监测系统中的调查问卷评估中学生含糖饮料摄入，采用体育活动等级量表评估体力活动水平，采用青少年心理健康评定简明问卷评价心理亚健康状况。采用χ²检验分析不同组别中学生心理亚健康检出率的差异；建立多因素Logistic回归模型，分析体力活动和含糖饮料摄入及其联合作用对中学生心理亚健康的影响。结果深圳市宝安区中学生心理亚健康的检出率为18.93%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，控制性别、学段、家庭居住地、家庭经济状况、父母文化程度、学习负担和朋友数量等混杂因素后，缺乏体力活动和过量摄入含糖饮料与中学生心理亚健康的发生风险增加均相关(OR值分别为1.36，1.45)；体力活动缺乏且含糖饮料摄入过多的中学生心理亚健康风险最高(OR=2.59)(P值均＜0.01)。进一步分学段分析显示，体力活动充足和含糖饮料摄入过多(ROR=2.10)、体力活动缺乏和含糖饮料摄入过多(ROR=2.31)的初中生发生心理亚健康的风险均高于高中生(P值均＜0.05)。结论体力活动不足和过量摄入含糖饮料与中学生心理亚健康风险增加密切相关。应针对性开展有效干预，降低中学生心理亚健康问题的发生风险。
- 运动活动 /
- 碳水化合物 /
- 饮料 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the association of physical activity and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption with psychological sub-health among middle school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, so as to provide a reference for adolescent mental health promotion. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in November 2024 by a stratified cluster random sampling method to select 6 926 junior and senior middle school students from 5 middle schools in Shenzhen. The questionnaire from Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System was used to assess the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, and physical activity Rating Scale was used to assess the level of physical activity, and Brief Instrument on Psychological Health of Youths was used to evaluate the psychological sub-health status. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in the detection rates of psychological sub-health among different groups of middle school students, and a multivariate Logistic regression model was established to analyze the effects of physical activity and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and their combined effects on the psychological sub-health of middle school students. Results The detection rate of psychological sub-health among middle school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen was 18.93%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, after controlling for confounding factors such as gender, school stage, family residence, family economic status, parental literacy, academic stress and number of friends, lack of physical activity or excessive sugar-sweetened beverage consumption were associated with increased risks of psychological sub-health among middle school students (OR=1.36, 1.45); and the highest risk of psychological sub-health was found in middle school students who were lack of physical activity and excessive sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (OR=2.59) (P < 0.01). Further analysis by school stages showed that junior high school students with sufficient physical activity and excessive intake of sugary drinks (ROR=2.10), lack of physical activity and excessive intake of sugary drinks (ROR=2.31) were at higher risks of psychological sub-health than senior high school students(P < 0.05). Conclusions Insufficient physical activity and excessive sugar-sweetened beverage consumption are closely associated with an increased risk of psychological sub-health among middle school students. Effective interventions should be targeted to reduce the risk of psychological sub-health problems among middle school students.
- Motor activity /
- Carbohydrates /
- Beverages /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别中学生心理亚健康问题检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of psychological sub-health problems among middle school students in different groups

组别	选项	人数	心理亚健康人数	χ²值	P值
学段	初中	3 381	353(10.44)	310.12	< 0.01
	高中	3 545	958(27.02)
性别	男	3 761	650(17.28)	14.53	< 0.01
	女	3 165	661(20.88)
家庭居住地	农村	144	30(20.83)	11.09	< 0.01
	乡镇	267	71(26.59)
	城市	6 515	1 210(18.57)
父亲文化程度	初中及以下	1 968	519(26.37)	99.27	< 0.01
	高中或中专	2 247	357(15.89)
	大专及以上	2 711	435(16.05)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	2 335	550(23.55)	49.32	< 0.01
	高中或中专	2 147	350(16.30)
	大专及以上	2 444	411(16.82)
自评家庭经济	较差	771	308(39.95)	258.16	< 0.01
条件	中等	4 702	804(17.10)
	较好	1 453	199(13.70)
自评学习负担	较轻	566	161(28.45)	173.83	< 0.01
	一般	3 656	480(13.13)
	较重	2 704	670(24.78)
朋友数量/个	0	219	112(51.14)	275.41	< 0.01
	1~2	1 936	494(25.52)
	3~5	2 977	497(16.69)
	≥6	1 794	208(11.59)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 体力活动和含糖饮料摄入与中学生心理亚健康的分层分析

Table 2. Stratified analysis of PA and SBBs with psychological sub-health among middle school students

自变量	总体^a		初中生^a		高中生^a		初中生与高中生比较ROR值(95%CI)
自变量	人数	OR值(95%CI)	人数	OR值(95%CI)	人数	OR值(95%CI)	初中生与高中生比较ROR值(95%CI)
体力活动充足+含糖饮料摄入正常	2 835	1.00	1 711	1.00	1 124	1.00	1.00
体力活动缺乏+含糖饮料摄入正常	2 859	1.56(1.34~1.81)^**	1 364	1.51(1.17~1.95)^*	1 495	1.37(1.13~1.67)^*	1.10(0.79~1.52)
体力活动充足+含糖饮料摄入过多	608	2.00(1.60~2.50)^**	176	2.75(1.77~4.28)^**	432	1.31(1.01~1.72)^*	2.10(1.26~3.49)^*
体力活动缺乏+含糖饮料摄入过多	624	2.59(2.10~3.21)^**	130	3.81(2.43~5.97)^**	494	1.65(1.29~2.12)^**	2.31(1.38~3.86)^**
注： a表示控制性别、家庭居住地、家庭经济状况、父母文化程度、学习负担、朋友数量等混杂因素；^* P < 0.05，^** P < 0.01。

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