海南省2005—2019年儿童青少年超重肥胖流行趋势

梁绮晴; 田冶; 左欣; 覃芬梅; 刘玉梅

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024375

海南省2005—2019年儿童青少年超重肥胖流行趋势

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024375

梁绮晴¹,
田冶¹,
左欣¹,
覃芬梅¹,
刘玉梅^{1, 2, ,}

1.
海南医科大学公共卫生学院，海口 571199
2.
海南省基本公共卫生服务项目质控中心

基金项目:

海南省教育厅委托项目 HXK220036

详细信息

作者简介:
梁绮晴(1999-)，女，广东东莞人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为妇儿健康与健康教育

通讯作者:
刘玉梅，E-mail: liuyumei@muhn.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R181.3⁺² R723.14
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-25
- 修回日期: 2024-11-14
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-07
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-25

Trend of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2019

LIANG Qiqing¹,
TIAN Ye¹,
ZUO Xin¹,
QING Fenmei¹,
LIU Yumei^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou (571199), Hainan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析2005—2019年海南省7~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行趋势，为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法数据来源于海南省2005，2010，2014和2019年共42 811名学生体质与健康调研资料，根据《学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查》标准进行筛查。使用χ²检验和χ_趋势²检验比较超重、肥胖的检出率及其线性变化趋势；以2005年为基线进行动态分析，计算并比较超重、肥胖的增长速度和发展速度。结果海南省2005，2010，2014和2019年7~18岁儿童青少年超重检出率分别为4.7%，5.1%，6.7%和10.8%，肥胖检出率分别为2.7%，2.4%，2.5%及6.8%，整体均呈逐年上升趋势(χ_趋势²值分别为370.57，313.55，P值均 < 0.01)。在各年度间，不同性别、民族、年龄组的儿童青少年超重和肥胖检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²=9.56~290.95，P值均 < 0.01)，且超重和肥胖的检出率在不同特征组中均随时间呈线性增长(χ_趋势²=29.92~280.11，P值均 < 0.01)。超重检出率的平均增长速度表现为女生(6.4%)高于男生(6.1%)，少数民族(7.1%)高于汉族(5.7%)，16~18岁组(8.4%)高于7~9(3.6%)，10~12(6.2%)及13~15岁组(7.7%)；肥胖检出率的平均增长速度表现为男生(8.1%)高于女生(5.7%)，少数民族(7.1%)高于汉族(6.8%)，16~18岁组(77.2%)高于7~9(2.8%)，10~12(8.2%)以及13~15岁组(18.7%)。结论 2005—2019年海南省7~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖检出率整体呈持续增长态势，且检出率和上涨趋势存在性别、民族和年龄间的差异。应采取干预措施，减少儿童青少年超重肥胖的发生。
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 患病率 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To analyze the trends of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7-18 in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2019, in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention strategies. Methods Data were sourced from a total of 42 811 students in Hainan Province in 2005, 2010, 2014 and 2019 for physical fitness and health investigation, according to the criteria of Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-aged Children and Adolescents. The linear trend of overweight and obesity was compared by using the χ² test and χ² trend test, and with 2005 as the base period, the dynamic analysis was conducted to compare the growth and development rates of overweight and obesity. Results The detection rates of overweight in children and adolescents aged 7-18 in Hainan Province were 4.7%, 5.1%, 6.7% and 10.8% in 2005, 2010, 2014 and 2019, respectively, while the detection rates of obesity were 2.7%, 2.4%, 2.5% and 6.8%, which showed an overall upward trend by year (χ_trend²=370.57, 313.55, P < 0.01). All differences in overweight and obesity detection rates across gender, ethnicity, and age groups were statistically significant for each year (χ²=9.56-290.95, P < 0.01). And the detection rates of overweight and obesity increased linearly over year in different characteristic groups (χ_trend²=29.92-280.11, P < 0.01). The annual growth rate of overweight detection rate was higher for girls (6.4%) than for boys (6.1%), higher for ethnic minorities (7.1%) than for Han (5.7%), and higher for the 16-18 age group (8.4%) than for the 7-9 (3.6%), 10-12 (6.2%), and 13-15 age groups (7.7%). And the annual growth rate of obesity detection rate was higher for boys (8.1%) than for girls (5.7%), higher for ethnic minorities (7.1%) than for Han (6.8%), and higher for the 16-18 age group (77.2%) than for the 7-9 (2.8%), 10-12 (8.2%), and 13-15 (18.7%) age groups. Conclusions The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 in Hainan Province continues to increase from 2005 to 2019, with differences in genders, ethnic and ages. Interventions should be implemented to reduce the incidence of overweight obesity in children and adolescents.
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Prevalence /
- Child /
- Adolescent
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表 1 海南省2005—2019年不同组别儿童青少年超重检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of overweight among children and adolescents with different groups in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2019

组别	选项	统计值	2005年		2010年		2014年		2019年		χ_趋势²值
组别	选项	统计值	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	χ_趋势²值
性别	男		4 088	225(5.5)	4 549	312(6.9)	5 107	422(8.3)	8 090	1 024(12.7)	203.68^**
	女		3 550	133(3.7)	4 451	143(3.2)	5 126	267(5.2)	7 850	695(8.8)	177.19^**
		χ²值		13.14^**		62.30^**		38.01^**		59.92^**
民族	汉族		5 849	316(5.4)	6 770	418(6.2)	7 199	602(8.4)	12 956	1 539(11.9)	280.11^**
	其他民族		1 789	42(2.3)	2 230	37(1.7)	3 034	87(2.9)	2 984	180(6.0)	63.95^**
		χ²值		28.62^**		71.24^**		102.62^**		86.17^**
年龄/岁	7~9		1 914	129(6.7)	2 258	160(7.1)	2 546	198(7.8)	4 139	458(11.1)	40.84^**
	10~12		1 925	106(5.5)	2 311	159(6.9)	2 572	219(8.5)	4 467	571(12.8)	107.37^**
	13~15		2 043	74(3.6)	2 247	74(3.3)	2 574	189(7.3)	3 838	395(10.3)	133.34^**
	16~18		1 756	49(2.8)	2 184	62(2.8)	2 541	83(3.3)	3 496	295(8.4)	105.90^**
		χ²值		40.27^**		72.32^**		67.57^**		39.85^**
合计			7 638	358(4.7)	9 000	455(5.1)	10 233	689(6.7)	15 940	1 719(10.8)	370.57^**
注：^**P < 0.01；()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 海南省2005—2019年不同组别儿童青少年肥胖检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of the detection rate of obesity among children and adolescents with different groups in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2019

组别	选项	统计值	2005年		2010年		2014年		2019年		χ_趋势²值
组别	选项	统计值	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	χ_趋势²值
性别	男		4 088	117(2.9)	4 549	146(3.2)	5 107	150(2.9)	8 090	672(8.3)	212.29^**
	女		3 550	87(2.4)	4 451	67(1.5)	5 126	102(2.0)	7 850	412(5.2)	106.49^**
		χ²值		1.24		28.28^**		9.56^**		58.79^**
民族	汉族		5 849	179(3.1)	6 770	185(2.7)	7 199	222(3.1)	12 956	981(7.6)	260.94^**
	其他		1 789	25(1.4)	2 230	28(1.3)	3 034	30(1.0)	2 984	103(3.5)	29.92^**
		χ²值		14.57^**		15.84^**		39.00^**		64.96^**
年龄/岁	7~9		1 914	129(6.7)	2 258	112(5.0)	2 546	170(6.7)	4 139	416(10.1)	37.44^**
	10~12		1 925	106(5.5)	2 311	81(3.5)	2 572	58(2.3)	4 467	430(9.6)	141.48^**
	13~15		2 043	74(3.6)	2 247	19(0.8)	2 574	22(0.9)	3 838	172(4.5)	128.80^**
	16~18		1 756	49(2.8)	2 184	1(0.0)	2 541	2(0.0)	3 496	66(1.9)	69.96^**
		χ²值		213.74^**		152.10^**		276.56^**		290.95^**
合计			7 638	204(2.7)	9 000	213(2.4)	10 233	252(2.5)	15 940	1 084(6.8)	313.55^**
注：^**P < 0.01；()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

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