广东省中小学校卫生工作人员和卫生室配备情况

金正格; 陈怡灿; 赵雨; 章舒心; 阿尔孜古丽·喀喀尔; 谭恺韫; 张婧姝; 陈亚军

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024372

广东省中小学校卫生工作人员和卫生室配备情况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024372

1.
中山大学公共卫生学院，广东广州 510080
2.
广东省中小学学校卫生专项调研组

基金项目:

广东省中小学生健康教育现状调研与评估专项基金项目 51000-42240004

详细信息

作者简介:
金正格(1997-)，女，安徽霍山人，在读博士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年体质健康及其影响因素

通讯作者:
陈亚军，E-mail: chenyj68@mail.sysu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G627.8 G478.2 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-11
- 修回日期: 2024-08-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-07
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-25

Allocation of school health staff and clinics in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province

1.
School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou (510080), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解广东省中小学校卫生工作人员和卫生室配备基本情况，为进一步改进学校卫生相关工作提供参考。方法于2020年12月结合书面报送材料和现场调研2种方法，对广东省21个地市17 205所中小学及学校卫生工作人员进行调查。采用SPSS 25.0软件对各地市和各类学校的卫生工作人员及卫生室配备情况进行统计分析。结果广东省学校卫生工作人员配比达标率为37.7%。在不同类型学校中，学校卫生工作人员配比达标率最低的为九年一贯制学校(33.1%), 最高为十二年一贯制学校(61.3%)。全省17 205所学校中，卫生室面积>40 m²的占12.6%，具有医疗机构执业许可证的占6.9%。专职卫生人员配备率为39.1%；其中学校卫生工作人员的在编人员、临聘人员及派驻人员所占比例分别为47.5%，29.0%和23.6%。学校卫生工作人员中具有卫生专业执业资格人员报告率为44.9%；医学相关专业毕业人员报告率为48.3%；本科及以上第一学历人员报告率为20.9%。不同学校类型之间存在差距，其中小学的学校专职卫生人员报告率(24.0%)与具有专业执业资格卫生人员报告率(35.7%)均较低。结论广东省中小学校卫生工作人员配置及卫生室建设存在人员不足、专业水平不高的问题，且各类学校间不均衡；全省中小学校卫生室的配置亟待完善。
- 卫生人员 /
- 卫生保健提供 /
- 组织和管理 /
- 中小学生卫生保健服务
Abstract: Objective To understand the allocation of health staff and clinics in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province, so as to provide a reference for school health construction. Methods In December 2020, a total of 17 205 primary and secondary schools in 21 cities in Guangdong Province were investigated by combining document verification and on-site surveys. The allocation of health staff and clinics in different cities and types of schools was analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software. Results The proportion of schools in Guangdong Province that met the national standard for school health staff ratio was 37.7%. Among different types of schools, the lowest ratio was found in nine-year schools (33.1%), while the highest was in twelve-year schools (61.3%). Among the 17 205 schools in the province, 12.6% had clinics with an area of >40 m², and 6.9% with occupational licenses for medical institutions. The proportion of full-time health staff was 39.1%. Among all school health staffs, the proportions of permanent staff, temporary staff, and appointed staff were 47.5%, 29.0% and 23.6%, respectively. The rate of school health staff with professional qualifications was 44.9%, while 48.3% had graduated from medical-related majors, and 20.9% held a bachelor's degree or higher as their first degree. There were differences among various types of schools, with primary schools having the lowest health staff configuration and professional level (24.0% and 35.7%, respectively). Conclusions There are still issues of insufficient staff and low professional level in health staff and establishment of clinics in primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province, and the allocation is uneven across different types of schools. The allocation of clinics in the province is still in urgent need of improvement.
- Health personnel /
- Delivery of health care /
- Organization and administration /
- School health serivces
注释:

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表 1 广东省不同类型中小学校卫生室配备情况

Table 1. Allocation of clinics in different types of primary and secondary schools in Guangdong Province

学校类别	学校数	面积>20 m²	面积>40 m²	具有医疗机构执业许可证	配有标准对数视力表
小学	12 139	5 426 (44.7)	730 (6.0)	329 (2.7)	8 043 (66.3)
初中	2 026	1 150 (56.8)	433 (21.4)	253 (12.5)	1 629 (80.4)
九年一贯制学校	1 720	927 (53.9)	282 (16.4)	116 (6.7)	1 442 (83.8)
普通高中	388	200 (51.5)	242 (62.4)	172 (44.3)	338 (87.1)
中职学校	296	160 (54.1)	170 (57.4)	113 (38.2)	237 (80.1)
完全中学	452	256 (56.6)	208 (46.0)	143 (31.6)	398 (88.1)
十二年一贯制学校	184	82 (44.6)	103 (56.0)	59 (32.1)	159 (86.4)
合计	17 205	8 201 (47.7)	2 168 (12.6)	1 185 (6.9)	12 246 (71.2)
注：()内数字为配备率/%。

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表 2 广东省不同类别学校的卫生工作人员类型及学历背景与职称情况

Table 2. Types, educational background and professional titles of school health staff in different types of schools in Guangdong Province

学校类别	人数	专职卫生人员	兼职卫生人员	用工类型			医学相关专业毕业	具有卫生专业执业资格	第一学历本科及以上	职称
学校类别	人数	专职卫生人员	兼职卫生人员	在编	临聘	派驻	医学相关专业毕业	具有卫生专业执业资格	第一学历本科及以上	高级	中级	初级及以下
小学	9 949	2 389(24.0)	7 560(76.0)	5 730(49.0)	2 648(22.7)	3 307(28.3)	4 545(36.6)	4 438(35.7)	2 312(18.6)	235(2.8)	3 432(41.2)	4 660(56.0)
初中	2 614	1 099(42.0)	1 515(58.0)	1 312(52.9)	600(24.2)	570(23.0)	1 395(47.5)	1 226(41.7)	546(18.6)	90(4.7)	838(43.4)	1 001(51.9)
九年一贯制学校	2 182	1 153(52.8)	1 029(47.2)	891(33.0)	1 369(50.7)	442(16.4)	1 742(60.4)	1 543(53.5)	713(24.7)	106(5.8)	566(30.8)	1 164(63.4)
普通高中	780	672(86.2)	108(13.8)	455(51.1)	348(39.1)	88(9.9)	819(88.3)	722(77.8)	271(29.2)	52(6.3)	354(43.1)	415(50.5)
中职学校	716	482(67.3)	234(32.7)	351(46.9)	256(34.2)	142(19.0)	656(82.9)	589(74.5)	267(33.8)	48(7.2)	253(38.1)	363(54.7)
完全中学	981	742(75.6)	239(24.4)	533(51.0)	322(30.8)	191(18.3)	835(76.9)	785(72.3)	308(28.4)	44(5.0)	376(43.0)	454(51.9)
十二年一贯制学校	612	432(70.6)	180(29.4)	330(48.6)	317(46.7)	32(4.7)	532(73.5)	468(64.6)	135(18.6)	19(3.6)	151(28.8)	355(67.6)
合计	17 834	6 969(39.1)	10 865(60.9)	9 602(47.5)	5 860(29.0)	4 772(23.6)	10 524(48.3)	9 771(44.9)	4 552(20.9)	594(4.0)	5 970(39.9)	8 412(56.2)
注：()内数字为报告率或构成比/%。

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