Willingness to preventive treatments and related factors among college freshmen with latent tuberculosis infection in Changzhou
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摘要:
目的 了解高校新生中结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(LTBI)者预防性治疗接受意愿及其相关因素，为LTBI学生预防性治疗干预措施的制定提供依据。 方法 采用整群抽样方法，选取2023年9月常州市8所高校新生入学结核病筛查中发现的368名LTBI新生，进行预防性治疗接受意愿问卷调查，并使用结核病知识量表、广泛焦虑量表(GAD-7)、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、家庭功能量表(APGAR)及自制病耻感量表等相关量表收集相关资料。以预防性治疗接受意愿为因变量构建二元Logistic回归模型，分析预防性治疗接受意愿情况和相关因素。 结果 253名LTBI高校新生愿意进行预防性治疗，接受率为68.75%。父亲学历为高中的LTBI学生，预防性治疗接受意愿较父亲学历为初中及以下的LTBI学生高(OR=2.16)；家庭人均月收入在>5 000~10 000和>10 000元的LTBI学生接受意愿均高于 < 3 000元的LTBI学生(OR值分别为2.72，4.46)；每周体育锻炼>2.0 h的LTBI学生接受意愿高于 < 0.5 h的LTBI学生(OR=1.91)；结核病知识知晓程度高和病耻感高的LTBI学生更易接受预防性治疗(OR值分别为1.18，1.11)；PHQ-9和GAD-7得分高的LTBI学生更易拒绝预防性治疗(OR值分别为0.85，0.92)(P值均 < 0.05)。 结论 常州市LTBI学生对预防性治疗的接受意愿一般，接受度受到家庭因素、健康生活习惯、结核病知识以及心理状况的影响。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the willingness to accept preventive treatments and its related factors among college freshmen with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), so as to provide the evidence for preventive treatment intervention measures for students with LTBI. Methods Cluster sampling method was used to select 368 LTBI freshmen from 8 colleges and universities in Changzhou in September 2023, who conducted a questionnaire survey on the willingness to receive preventive treatment. General demographic data were collected and relevant data were collected using tuberculosis knowledge scale, General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection and Resolve (APGAR), and a self-developed Stigma Scale. A binary Logistic regression model was constructed with the willingness to accept preventive treatment as the dependent variable to analyze the willingness to accept preventive treatment and the influencing factors. Results A total of 253 LTBI college freshmen were willing to take preventive treatment, the acceptance rate was 68.75%. The rate of willingness to accept preventive treatment for LTBI was higher among students whose fathers had an education level of high school, compared to those whose fathers had an education level of junior high school or below (OR=2.16, P < 0.05). LTBI students whose per capita family income was >5 000-10 000 yuan and >10 000 yuan were more willing to accept LTBI preventive treatment than those whose per capita family income was < 3 000 yuan (OR=2.72, 4.46, P < 0.05). LTBI students who engaged in physical exercise for more than 2 hours per week were more willing to accept than those who exercised less than 0.5 hours per week (OR=1.91, P < 0.05). LTBI students with high levels of tuberculosis knowledge and stigma were more likely to receive preventive treatment (OR=1.18, 1.11, P < 0.05). LTBI students with high PHQ-9 (OR=0.85) and GAD-7 (OR=0.92) scores were more likely to refuse preventive treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion The present study revealed a moderate level of willingness of LTBI students to preventive treatment in Changzhou City, and the acceptance is affected by family factors, healthy lifestyles, tuberculosis knowledge and psychological status. -
Key words:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis /
- Infection /
- Protective agents /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。2) 冯彬与周婷钰为共同第一作者。 -
表 1 不同人口学特征LTBI学生接受TPT意愿报告率比较
Table 1. Comparison of reporting rates of willingness to receive TPT among LTBI students with different demographic characteristics
组别 人数 接受人数 χ2值 P值 性别 男 226 147(65.04) 3.74 0.05 女 142 106(74.65) 户籍 常州 51 31(60.78) 1.75 0.19 其他 317 222(70.03) 父亲学历 初中及以下 141 82(58.16) 12.80 < 0.01 高中 133 97(72.93) 大专及以上 94 74(78.72) 母亲学历 初中及以下 161 101(62.73) 5.05 0.08 高中 130 97(74.62) 大专及以上 77 55(71.43) 家庭人均月收入/元 < 3 000 26 12(46.15) 22.66 < 0.01 3 000~5 000 100 56(56.00) >5 000~10 000 130 94(72.31) >10 000 112 91(81.25) 是否吸烟 是 30 17(56.67) 2.22 0.14 否 338 236(69.82) 是否饮酒 是 8 4(50.00) 1.34 0.25 否 360 249(69.17) 每周体育锻炼时间/h < 0.5 117 79(67.52) 13.95 < 0.01 0.5~2.0 125 73(58.40) >2.0 126 101(80.16) 接种卡介苗 是 278 194(69.78) 0.57 0.45 否 90 59(65.56) 注：()内数字为报告率/%。 
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表 2 LTBI学生接受TPT意愿相关因素的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=368)
Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of factors related to LTBI students' willingness to accept TPT(n=368)
自变量 β值 标准误 Waldχ2值 P值 OR值(95%CI) 父亲学历 初中及以下 1.00 高中 0.77 0.29 7.04 < 0.01 2.16(1.22~3.81) 大专及以上 0.66 0.34 3.72 0.05 1.93(0.99~3.76) 家庭人均月收入/元 < 3 000 1.00 3 000~5 000 0.52 0.49 1.14 0.29 1.68(0.65~4.35) >5 000~10 000 1.00 0.48 4.44 0.04 2.72(1.07~6.91) >10 000 1.50 0.50 8.78 < 0.01 4.46(1.66~11.98) 每周体育锻炼时间/h < 0.5 1.00 0.5~2.0 -0.49 0.30 2.70 0.10 0.61(0.34~1.10) >2.0 0.65 0.33 3.92 < 0.05 1.91(1.00~3.61) 结核病知识得分 0.17 0.04 11.73 < 0.01 1.18(1.08~1.31) PHQ-9得分 -0.15 0.04 13.84 < 0.01 0.85(0.79~0.93) GAD-7得分 -0.08 0.03 6.25 0.01 0.92(0.87~0.98) 病耻感量表得分 0.11 0.05 8.78 0.02 1.11(1.02~1.22) 注：各量表得分为连续型变量。
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