儿童青少年心血管健康的评价方法与应用

胡佳乐; 王希; 吕慧玲; 胡佳; 沈蕙

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024315

儿童青少年心血管健康的评价方法与应用

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024315

胡佳乐¹,
王希¹,
吕慧玲¹,
胡佳^{1, 2, 3, ,},
沈蕙^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
南京医科大学公共卫生学院，江苏 211166
2.
苏州市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科
3.
南京医科大学姑苏学院苏州市公共卫生高等研究院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金-青年项目 82204070

苏州市姑苏卫生人才计划培养项目 GSWS2020100

详细信息

作者简介:
胡佳乐(2001-)，女，浙江衢州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年发育与健康

通讯作者:
胡佳，E-mail: hujia200606@163.com

沈蕙，E-mail: 791675633@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R714.252 G479
计量
- 文章访问数: 153
- HTML全文浏览量: 103
- PDF下载量: 45
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-13
- 修回日期: 2024-09-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-25

Evaluation methods and applications of cardiovascular health in children and adolescents

HU Jiale¹,
WANG Xi¹,
LÜ Huiling¹,
HU Jia^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
SHEN Hui^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing (211166), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 心血管疾病是中国和全球死亡和疾病负担的主要原因。儿童青少年时期的心血管健康状态已被证明是成年期心血管健康的有力预测指标。研究总结了儿童青少年心血管健康的主要评价方法，包括简单生活方式7、生命八要素和心血管危险因素聚集等，相关指标包括饮食、身体活动、尼古丁暴露、睡眠健康、体质量指数、血脂、血压、血糖等以及评价方法的应用，旨在为制定适用于中国儿童青少年心血管健康评价方法提供更多思路。
- 心血管系统 /
- 评价研究 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disease burden in China and worldwide. The state of cardiovascular health in childhood and adolescence has been shown to be a strong predictor of cardiovascular health in adulthood. The study summarizes current state of cardiovascular health evaluation methods in children and adolescents, including Life's Simple 7, Life's Essential 8, and the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors; and relevant indicators include diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood pressure, blood glucose, and the application of evaluation methods, so as to provide insights for the development of cardiovascular health evaluation methods applicable to children and adolescents in China.
- Cardiovascular system /
- Evaluation studies /
- Child /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

参考文献(50)

[1]	REHMAN S, REHMAN E, IKRAM M, et al. Cardiovascular disease (CVD): assessment, prediction and policy implications[J]. BMC Public Health, 2021, 21(1): 1299. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11334-2
[2]	《中国心血管健康与疾病报告2022》编写组. 《中国心血管健康与疾病报告2022》要点解读[J]. 中国心血管杂志, 2023, 28(4): 297-312. The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health Diseases in China. Interpretation of Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2022[J]. Chin J Cardiovasc Med, 2023, 28(4): 297-312. (in Chinese)
[3]	SKINNER A C, PERRIN E M, MOSS L A, et al. Cardiometabolic risks and severity of obesity in children and young adults[J]. N Engl J Med, 2015, 373(14): 1307-1317. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1502821
[4]	JACOBS D R, WOO J G, SINAIKO A R, et al. Childhood cardiovascular risk factors and adult cardiovascular events[J]. N Engl J Med, 2022, 386(20): 1877-1888. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2109191
[5]	LLOYD-JONES D M, HONG Y, LABARTHE D, et al. Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: the American Heart Association's Strategic Impact Goal through 2020 and beyond[J]. Circulation, 2010, 121(4): 586-613. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192703
[6]	YANG Q, COGSWELL M E, FLANDERS W D, et al. Trends in cardiovascular health metrics and associations with all-cause and CVD mortality among US adults[J]. JAMA, 2012, 307(12): 1273-1283. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.339
[7]	LLOYD-JONES D M, ALLEN N B, ANDERSON C A M, et al. Life's Essential 8: updating and enhancing the American Heart Association's construct of cardiovascular health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association[J]. Circulation, 2022, 146(5): e18-e43.
[8]	LI N, WANG H, YAN Z, et al. Ethnic disparities in theclustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among the Kazakh, Uygur, Mongolian and Han populations of Xinjiang: a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Public Health, 2012, 12: 499. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-499
[9]	SCHWINGSHACKL L, BOGENSBERGER B, HOFFMANN G. Diet quality as assesse by the healthy eating index, alternate healthy eating index, dietary approaches to stop hypertension score, and health outcomes: an updated systematic review and Meta-analysis of cohort studies[J]. J Acad Nutr Diet, 2018, 118(1): 74-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.08.024
[10]	胡健翔, 何宇纳. 膳食评价指数的研究进展[J]. 中国食物与营养, 2016, 22(7): 81-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9577.2016.07.020 HU J X, HE Y N. Research progress on dietary evaluation index[J]. Food Nutr China, 2016, 22(7): 81-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9577.2016.07.020
[11]	GUTHOLD R, STEVENS G A, RILEY L M, et al. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants[J]. Lancet Glob Health, 2018, 6(10): e1077-e1086. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
[12]	ANDERSEN LB, RIDDOCH C, KRIEMLER S, et al. Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in children[J]. Br J Sports Med, 2011, 45(11): 871. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090333
[13]	PROUDFOOT N A, KING-DOWLING S, CAIRNEY J, et al. Physical activity and trajectories of cardiovascular health indicators during early childhood[J]. Pediatrics, 2019, 144(1): e20182242. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-2242
[14]	张云婷, 马生霞, 陈畅, 等. 中国儿童青少年身体活动指南[J]. 中国循证儿科杂志, 2017, 12(6): 401-409. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2017.06.001 ZHANG Y T, MA S X, CHEN C, et al. Physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents in China[J]. Chin J Evid Based Pediatr, 2017, 12(6): 401-409. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2017.06.001
[15]	PIERCY K L, TROIANO R P, BALLARD R M, et al. The physical activity guidelines for Americans[J]. JAMA, 2018, 320(19): 2020-2028. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.14854
[16]	LOBELO F, MUTH N D, HANSON S, et al. Physical activity assessment and counseling in pediatric clinical settings[J]. Pediatrics, 2020, 145(3): e20193992. doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3992
[17]	关宏岩, 赵星, 屈莎, 等. 学龄前儿童(3~6岁)运动指南[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(6): 714-720. GUAN H Y, ZHAO X, QU S, et al. Physical activity guideline for Chinese preschoolers aged 3-6 years[J]. Chin J Child Health Care, 2020, 28(6): 714-720. (in Chinese)
[18]	WEST H W, JUONALA M, GALL S L, et al. Exposure to parental smoking in childhood is associated with increased risk of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young finns study[J]. Circulation, 2015, 131(14): 1239-1246. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013485
[19]	GEORGE J, HUSSAIN M, VADIVELOO T, et al. Cardiovascular effec-ts of switc hing from tobacco cigarettes to electronic cigarettes[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2019, 74(25): 3112-3120. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.09.067
[20]	FLORESCU A, FERRENCE R, EINARSON T, et al. Methods for quantification of exposure to cigarette smoking and environmental tobacco smoke: focus on developmental toxicology[J]. Ther Drug Monit, 2009, 31(1): 14-30. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181957a3b
[21]	LAO X Q, LIU X, DENG H B, et al. Sleep quality, sleep duration, and the risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective cohort study with 60 586 adults[J]. J Clin Sleep Med, 2018, 14(1): 109-117. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6894
[22]	SUN J, WANG M, YANG L, et al. Sleep duration and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: a systematic review[J]. Sleep Med Rev, 2020, 53: 101338. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101338
[23]	中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 0岁~5岁儿童睡眠卫生指南: WS/T 579—2017[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版, 2017. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC. Sleep hygiene guidelines for children aged 0 to 5 years: WS/T 579-2017[S]. Beijing: Standard Press of China, 2017. (in Chinese)
[24]	HIRSHKOWITZ M, WHITON K, ALBERT S M, et al. National sleep foundation's updated sleep duration recommendations: final report[J]. Sleep Health, 2015, 1(4): 233-243. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.10.004
[25]	DROZDZ D, ALVAREZ-PITTI J, WÓJCIK M, et al. Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors: from childhood to adulthood[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(11): 4176. doi: 10.3390/nu13114176
[26]	中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查: WS/T 586—2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC. Screening for overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents: WS/T 586-2018[S]. Beijing: Standard Press of China, 2018. (in Chinese)
[27]	KUCZMARSKI R J, OGDEN C L, GUO S S, et al. 2000 CDC growth charts for the United States: methods and development[J]. Vital Health Stat, 2002(246): 1-190.
[28]	TRACY R E, NEWMAN W P 3RD, WATTIGNEY W A, et al. Risk factors and atherosclerosis in youth autopsy findings of the Bogalusa Heart Study[J]. Am J Med Sci, 1995, 310(Suppl 1): S37-S41.
[29]	Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report[J]. Pediatrics, 2011, 128(Suppl 5): S213-S256.
[30]	中华儿科杂志编辑委员会, 中华医学会儿科学分会儿童保健学组, 中华医学会儿科学分会心血管学组, 等. 儿童青少年血脂异常防治专家共识[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2009, 47(6): 426-428. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2009.06.007 Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Associaion, Chinese Pediatric Society, Subspecialty Groups of Child Health Care, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Pediatric Society, Subspecialty Groups of Cardiology, et al. Expert consensus on prevenion and treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2009, 47(6): 426-428. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2009.06.007
[31]	AATOLA H, KOIVISTOINEN T, TUOMINEN H, et al. Influence of child and adult elevated blood pressure on adult arterial stiffness: the cardiovascular risk in young finns study[J]. Hypertension, 2017, 70(3): 531-536. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09444
[32]	范晖, 闫银坤, 米杰. 中国3~17岁儿童性别、年龄别和身高别血压参照标准[J]. 中华高血压杂志, 2017, 25(5): 428-435. FAN H, YAN Y K, MI J. Updating blood pressure references for Chinese children aged 3 to 17 years[J]. Chin J Hypertens, 2017, 25(5): 428-435. (in Chinese)
[33]	中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 7岁~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值: WS/T 610—2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018. National Health and Commission of the PRC. Screening thresholds for high blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years: WS/T 610-2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2018. (in Chinese)
[34]	LURBE E, AGABITI-ROSEI E, CRUICKSHANK J K, et al. 2016 European society of hypertension guidelines for the management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents[J]. J Hyp, 2016, 34(10): 1887-1920. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001039
[35]	FLYNN J T, KAELBER D C, BAKER-SMITH C M, et al. Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents[J]. Pediatrics, 2017, 140(3): e20171904. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-1904
[36]	PORT S C, GOODARZI M O, BOYLE N G, et al. Blood glucose: a strong risk factor for mortality in nondiabetic patients with cardiovascular disease[J]. Am Heart J, 2005, 150(2): 209-214. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.09.031
[37]	BARR E L, ZIMMET P Z, WELBORN T A, et al. Risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab)[J]. Circulation, 2007, 116(2): 151-157. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.685628
[38]	中华医学会糖尿病学分会. 中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2020年版)[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志, 2021, 13(4): 315-409. Diabetes Society of the Chinese Medical Association. Guidelines for the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes in China (2020 edition)[J]. Chin J Diabet, 2021, 13(4): 315-409. (in Chinese)
[39]	American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes-2022[J]. Diabet Care, 2022, 45(Suppl 1): S17-S38.
[40]	SHAY C M, NING H, DANIELS S R, et al. Status of cardiovascular health in US adolescents: prevalence estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2005-2010[J]. Circulation, 2013, 127(13): 1369-1376. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001559
[41]	NING H, LABARTHE D R, SHAY C M, et al. Status of cardiovascular health in US children up to 11 years of age: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2003-2010[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Q Outcomes, 2015, 8(2): 164-171. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.114.001274
[42]	HENRIKSSON P, HENRIKSSON H, LABAYEN I, et al. Correlates of ideal cardiovascular health in European adolescents: the HELENA study[J]. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2018, 28(2): 187-194. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.018
[43]	YAN Y, LIU J, ZHAO X, et al. Cardiovascular health in urban Chinese children and adolescents[J]. Ann Med, 2019, 51(1): 88-96. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2019.1580383
[44]	ZHU Y, GUO P, ZOU Z, et al. Status of cardiovascular health in Chinese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in China[J]. JACC Asia, 2022, 2(1): 87-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.09.007
[45]	LLOYD-JONES D M, NING H, LABARTHE D, et al. Status of cardiovascular health in US adults and children using the American Heart Association's New "Life's Essential 8" Metrics: prevalence estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013 through 2018[J]. Circulation, 2022, 146(11): 822-835. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060911
[46]	SHU W, LI M, XIAO H, et al. Validation of "Life's Essential 8" metrics with cardiovascular structural status in children: the PROC study in China[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2023, 12(12): e029077. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.029077
[47]	王西婕, 邹志勇, 董彦会, 等. 中国学龄儿童心血管健康状况评价[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(1): 30-35. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024037 WANG X J, ZOU Z Y, DONG Y H, et al. Evaluation of cardiovascular health status in Chinese schoolchildren[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(1): 30-35. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024037
[48]	MUSA D I, TORIOLA A L, GOON D T, et al. Association of fitness and fatness with clustered cardiovascular disease risk factors in Nigerian adolescents[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(16): 5861. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165861
[49]	胡霄, 姜红如, 张兵, 等. 中国十五省7~17岁儿童青少年心血管代谢性危险因素的流行特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(8): 833-838. HU X, JIANG H R, ZHANG B, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in 15 provinces of China[J]. J Environ Occup Med, 2021, 38(8): 833-838. (in Chinese)
[50]	LIU C, WU S, PAN X. Clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors and pre-diabetes among U.S. adolescents[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 5015. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84128-6