中国四省市大学生奶茶消费现状与心理困扰的关联

顾正云; 熊建萍; 郭志芳; 马楠; 宋永晶; 林延敏; 黄波; 蒋竞

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024302

中国四省市大学生奶茶消费现状与心理困扰的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024302

顾正云¹,
熊建萍²,
郭志芳³,
马楠⁴,
宋永晶^5, ,,
林延敏⁶,
黄波⁷,
蒋竞⁸

1.
上海立信会计金融学院信息管理学院，上海 200135
2.
江西财经大学体育学院
3.
上饶师范学院教育科学学院
4.
上海立信会计金融学院体育与健康学院
5.
长江大学教育与体育学院
6.
吕梁学院体育与健康系
7.
上饶师范学院体育学院
8.
江西医学高等专科学校泊月科学中心

基金项目:

2021年江西省高等学校教学改革研究省级立项课题 JXJG-21-16-12

详细信息

作者简介:
顾正云(1982-)，男，安徽巢湖人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为青少年体质健康及其影响因素

通讯作者:
宋永晶，E-mail: SYJCJDX@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R155.1 B844.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-10
- 修回日期: 2024-07-31
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-25

Relationship between consumption status of milk tea and psychological distress among college students in four provinces of China

1.
School of Information Management Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai (200135), China

摘要

摘要: 目的调查大学生奶茶消费现状和心理困扰情况并分析两者的关联，为促进大学生心理健康提供理论支持。方法于2023年9—11月，采用方便抽样的方法抽取上海市、江西省、湖北省、山西省四省市7所高校15 440名17~24岁大学生，使用自编问卷和斯凯勒心理困扰量表分别调查大学生奶茶消费情况和心理困扰状况。采用Wantel-Haenszel检验分析大学生心理困扰随着奶茶消费情况的变化趋势。运用二元Logistic回归分析推断大学生奶茶消费情况与心理困扰的关联强度，使用限制性立方样条法分析大学生奶茶消费量与心理困扰之间的非线性关系。结果大学生心理困扰检出率为59.6%。单因素分析结果显示，大学生奶茶消费频次(χ_趋势²=42.33)和奶茶消费量水平(χ_趋势²=5.17)均与心理困扰存在趋势相关(P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归模型结果显示，奶茶消费频次和奶茶消费量与心理困扰程度均呈正向关联[每周奶茶消费频次：1~3次(轻度、中度，OR值分别为1.20，1.41)，4~5次(轻度、中度、重度，OR值分别为2.80，5.44，4.12)，≥6次(重度，OR=8.04)；每周奶茶消费量：1~1 500 mL(重度，OR=1.35)，>1 500~ < 3 000 mL(轻度、中度，OR值分别为1.21，1.35)，≥3 000 mL(轻度、中度、重度，OR值分别为1.33，1.71，1.29)](P值均 < 0.05)。限制性立方样条模型结果显示，奶茶消费量与心理困扰发生风险存在非线性关联(F=107.34，P_非线性 < 0.01，P_整体 < 0.01)。结论大量高频奶茶消费的大学生心理困扰发生风险较高；减少大学生奶茶消费行为，有助于以改善其心理健康状况。
- 饮料 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of milk tea consumption and its association with psychological distress among college students, so as to provide theoretial support for promoting the mental health of college students. Methods From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 15 440 college students aged 17-24 from seven universities in Shanghai, Jiangxi, Hubei, and Shanxi. A self-designed questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to assess milk tea consumption and psychological distress, respectively. The Mantel-Haenszel test was employed to analyze the trend of psychological distress at different levels of milk tea consumption. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between milk tea consumption and psychological distress, and the restricted cubic spline method was applied to explore the nonlinear relationship between milk tea consumption and symptoms of psychological distress. Results The detection rate of psychological distress among college students was 59.6%. Univariate analysis indicated a significant trend association between milk tea consumption frequency (χ_trend²=42.33) and milk tea intake level (χ_trend²=5.17) with psychological distress (P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression models showed a positive association between different levels of milk tea consumption frequency and psychological distress [1-3 times (mild to moderate distress, OR=1.20, 1.41), 4-5 times (mild to severe distress, OR=2.80, 5.44, 4.12), and ≥6 times (severe distress, OR=8.04); and milk tea intake level: 1-1 500 mL (severe distress, OR=1.35), >1 500- < 3 000 mL (mild to moderate distress, OR=1.21, 1.35), ≥3 000 mL (mild to severe distress, OR=1.33, 1.71, 1.29)] (P < 0.05). The restricted cubic spline model showed a nonlinear association between milk tea intake and the risk of psychological distress (F=107.34, P_non-linear < 0.01, P_overall < 0.01). Conclusions High-frequency and high-volume milk tea consumption are associated with an increased risk of psychological distress among college students. Reducing the consumption behavior of college students' milk tea is helpful to improve mental health.
- Beverages /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

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图 1 大学生奶茶消费量与心理困扰发生风险的非线性关联

Figure 1. Non-linear correlation between consumption of milk tea and risk of psychological distress among college students

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表 1 不同组别大学生不同程度心理困扰检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rates of different degrees of psychological distress among the different groups of college students

组别	选项	人数	轻度	中度	重度	Z/H值	P值	组别	选项	人数	轻度	中度	重度	Z/H值	P值
性别	男	6 171	1 017(16.5)	398(6.4)	2 259(36.6)	-3.95	< 0.01		重组家庭	600	106(17.7)	50(8.3)	231(38.5)
	女	9 269	1 954(21.1)	771(8.3)	2 816(30.4)				单亲家庭	1 044	187(17.9)	88(8.4)	336(32.2)
年级	大一	9 040	1 676(18.5)	646(7.1)	2 645(29.3)	211.59	< 0.01		其他	179	39(21.8)	14(7.8)	61(34.1)
	大二	3 022	581(19.2)	240(7.9)	1 164(38.5)			母亲职业	公务员	1 438	234(16.3)	126(8.8)	526(36.6)	19.75	< 0.01
	大三	2 066	417(20.2)	167(8.1)	780(37.8)				工人	1 111	221(19.9)	68(6.1)	363(32.7)
	大四	1 312	297(22.6)	116(8.8)	486(37.0)				农民	1 655	319(19.3)	129(7.8)	573(34.6)
户籍所在地	城镇	6 457	1 130(17.5)	533(8.3)	2 181(33.8)	-1.36	0.17		公司职员	514	84(16.3)	43(8.4)	188(36.6)
	乡村	8 983	1 841(20.5)	636(7.1)	2 894(32.2)				商人	4 114	785(19.1)	321(7.8)	1 282(31.2)
营养状况	消瘦	1 061	192(18.1)	79(7.4)	378(35.6)	4.31	0.23		其他	6 608	1 328(20.1)	482(7.3)	2 143(32.4)
	正常	10 886	2 103(19.3)	812(7.5)	3 584(32.9)			自评家庭经济状况	很差	757	129(17.0)	63(8.3)	333(44.0)	83.12	< 0.01
	超重	1 982	366(18.5)	163(8.2)	625(31.5)				较差	2 808	599(21.3)	246(8.8)	977(34.8)
	肥胖	1 511	310(20.5)	115(7.6)	488(32.3)				一般	10 183	1 988(19.5)	741(7.3)	3 187(31.3)
父亲职业	公务员	1 743	277(15.9)	150(8.6)	606(34.8)	6.58	0.25		较好	1 482	223(15.0)	106(7.2)	502(33.9)
	工人	2 106	429(20.4)	142(6.7)	681(32.3)				很好	210	32(15.2)	13(6.2)	76(36.2)
	农民	1 788	368(20.6)	135(7.6)	605(33.8)			体力活动水平	高	3 948	708(17.9)	293(7.4)	1 314(33.3)	81.44	< 0.01
	公司职员	456	73(16.0)	28(6.1)	172(37.7)				中	4 379	892(20.4)	339(7.7)	1 214(27.7)
	商人	3 263	607(18.6)	258(7.9)	1 069(32.8)				低	7 113	1 371(19.3)	537(7.5)	2 547(35.8)
	其他	6 084	1 217(20.0)	456(7.5)	1 942(31.9)			独生子女	是	4 569	795(17.4)	351(7.7)	1 590(34.8)	-2.14	0.03
家庭结构	原生家庭	13 617	2 639(19.4)	1 017(7.5)	4 447(32.7)	10.79	0.01		否	10 871	2 176(20.0)	818(7.5)	3 485(32.1)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 大学生奶茶消费情况与不同程度心理困扰的关联

Table 2. Correlation between consumption of milk tea and different degree of psychological distress among college students

奶茶消费情况	选项	人数	轻度	中度	重度	χ_趋势²值	P值
奶茶消费频次/次	≥6	143	12(8.4)	5(3.5)	111(77.6)	42.33	< 0.01
	4~5	213	40(18.8)	27(12.7)	112(52.6)
	1~3	8 074	1 656(20.5)	688(8.5)	2 506(31.0)
	0	7 010	1 263(18.0)	449(6.4)	2 346(33.5)
奶茶消费量水平/mL	≥3 000	3 056	623(20.4)	284(9.3)	1 055(34.5)	5.17	0.02
	>1 500~ < 3 000	4 625	978(21.1)	385(8.3)	1 381(29.9)
	1~1 500	749	107(14.3)	51(6.8)	293(39.1)
	0	7 010	1 236(18.0)	449(6.4)	2 346(33.5)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 大学生奶茶消费情况与心理困扰的Logistic回归分析(n=15 440)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of milk tea consumption and psychological distress among college students(n=15 440)

自变量	选项	轻度			中度			重度
自变量	选项	β值	OR值(95%CI)	P值	β值	OR值(95%CI)	P值	β值	OR值(95%CI)	P值
奶茶消费频次/次	1~3	0.18	1.20(1.09~1.31)	< 0.01	0.34	1.41(1.23~1.61)	< 0.01	0.07	1.07(0.99~1.16)	0.11
	4~5	1.03	2.80(1.75~4.46)	< 0.01	1.70	5.44(3.23~9.18)	< 0.01	1.42	4.12(2.79~6.11)	< 0.01
	≥6	0.54	1.72(0.79~3.71)	0.17	0.76	2.15(0.77~6.00)	0.15	2.08	8.04(4.66~13.87)	< 0.01
奶茶消费量水平/mL	1~1 500	-0.19	0.83(0.66~1.05)	0.12	0.12	1.13(0.82~1.55)	0.46	0.30	1.35(1.13~1.60)	< 0.01
	>1 500~ < 3 000	0.19	1.21(1.09~1.35)	< 0.01	0.30	1.35(1.16~1.58)	< 0.01	0.03	1.03(0.94~1.13)	0.56
	≥3 000	0.29	1.33(1.18~1.50)	< 0.01	0.54	1.71(1.45~2.03)	< 0.01	0.25	1.29(1.16~1.43)	< 0.01
注：模型调整性别、年级、独生子女、母亲职业、家庭结构、家庭经济状况、体力活动水平因素；奶茶消费频次和奶茶消费水平均以0为参照，心理困扰程度均以否为参照。

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