高中体育特长生健康素养水平与运动伤害发生的关联

刘聪; 袁艳; 熊建萍; 朱君成; 刘薇; 郭志芳; 蒋竞; 卢金逵

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024295

高中体育特长生健康素养水平与运动伤害发生的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024295

刘聪¹,
袁艳¹,
熊建萍²,
朱君成³,
刘薇⁴,
郭志芳⁵,
蒋竞⁶,
卢金逵^3, ,

1.
江西师范大学体育学院，南昌 330022
2.
江西财经大学体育学院
3.
上饶师范学院体育学院
4.
赣州师范高等专科学校体育系
5.
上饶师范学院教育科学学院
6.
江西医学高等专科学校泊月科学中心

基金项目:

江西省社会科学规划(2019年)项目 19JY38

详细信息

作者简介:
刘聪(1999-)，男，江西赣州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年体质健康

通讯作者:
卢金逵，E-mail: lujinkui628@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G479 G806 B845.67
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-31
- 修回日期: 2024-07-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-25

Correlation between health literacy and sports injuries among high school students with athletic specialization

1.
School of Physical Education and Sports, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang (330022), Jiangxi Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解高中体育特长生健康素养水平与运动伤害发生的关联，为干预体育特长生运动伤害发生提供参考依据。方法于2023年3—4月采用方便抽样的方法抽取江西省上饶市、赣州市、南昌市城乡地区21所高中443名16~18岁体育专业生，并调查健康素养及运动伤害发生情况。运动伤害评估依据《儿童青少年伤害监测方法》，健康素养水平评估使用中国青少年互动性健康素养问卷。采用χ²检验比较体育特长生运动伤害报告率在人口学及运动训练特征组别间的差异及健康素养水平与运动伤害发生的关联。运用二元Logistic回归分析体育特长生健康素养水平与运动伤害发生的关联强度。结果高中体育特长生运动伤害报告率为49.4%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，高中体育特长生健康素养中低水平相较高水平运动伤害发生风险增加(中水平：OR=1.98，95%CI=1.12~3.51；低水平：OR=2.08，95%CI=1.18~3.68)，高中体育特长生健康意识中低水平运动伤害发生风险较其他维度健康素养水平更高(中水平：OR=2.77，95%CI=1.48~5.19；低水平：OR=2.01，95%CI=1.04~3.88)(P值均 < 0.05)。分层分析结果显示, 体育特长男生及田径类特长生总体健康素养中/低水平相较高水平学生运动伤害发生风险更高(男生：低水平，OR=2.46，95%CI=1.15~5.28；田径类：中水平，OR=2.17，95%CI=1.06~4.43，低水平，OR=2.09，95%CI=1.02~4.30；P值均 < 0.05)。结论高中体育特长生健康素养水平与运动伤害发生存在关联，提高学生健康意识有助于降低运动伤害发生风险。
- 健康教育 /
- 运动损伤 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between health literacy and sports injuries among high school students with athletic specialization, so as to provide theoretical basis for the intervention of sports injury occurrence of sports special students. Methods A total of 443 high school students with athletic specialization aged 16-18 years old from 21 urban and rural areas in Shangrao City, Ganzhou City and Nanchang City of Jiangxi Province were selected by convenient sampling method from March to April 2023, and the health literacy and sports injury incidence were investigated. The assessment of sports injury was based on the Monitoring Method of Child and Adolescent Injury, and the assessment of health literacy level was conducted using the Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire of Chinese Adolescents. χ² test was used to compare the reported rate of sports injuries among the demographic and sports training groups and the correlation between health literacy and sports injuries. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to infer the correlation between the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries. Results The prevalence of sports injury was 49.4% in high school students with athletic specialization. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of sports injury of high school students with athletic specialization with medium and low level of health literacy was significantly increased compared with high level (medium level: OR=1.98, 95%CI=1.12-3.51; low level: OR=2.08, 95%CI=1.18-3.68), high school students with athletic specialization in low level of health awareness of sports injury risk was higher than other dimensions of health literacy level (middle level: OR=2.77, 95%CI=1.48-5.19; low level: OR=2.01, 95%CI=1.04-3.88)(P < 0.05). The results of stratified analysis showed that among male students with athletic specialization and students with track and field, students with moderate/low overall health literacy had a higher risk of sports injuries compared to high level students (male students: low level, OR=2.46, 95%CI=1.15-5.28; track and field: intermediate level, OR=2.17, 95%CI=1.06-4.43, low level, OR=2.09, 95%CI=1.02-4.30; P < 0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries. Students' health awareness should be improved to reduce the risk of sports injuries.
- Health education /
- Athletic injuries /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别高中体育特长生运动伤害报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of sports injury reporting rates of high school students with athletic specialization in different groups

组别	选项	人数	运动伤害人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	258	142(55.0)	7.76	0.01
	女	185	77(41.6)
年级	高一	73	30(41.1)	2.96	0.23
	高二	224	111(49.6)
	高三	146	78(53.4)
就读类型	寄宿	307	148(48.2)	0.60	0.44
	走读	136	71(52.2)
户籍所在地	城镇	202	102(50.5)	0.17	0.68
	农村	241	117(48.5)
是否独生子女	是	146	85(58.2)	6.72	0.01
	否	297	134(45.1)
父亲学历	小学及以下	60	29(48.3)	3.75	0.29
	初中	142	62(43.7)
	高中/中专	119	66(55.5)
	大学或以上	122	62(50.8)
母亲学历	小学及以下	84	39(46.4)	7.42	0.06
	初中	144	60(41.7)
	高中/中专	114	65(57.0)
	大学或以上	101	55(54.5)
自评家庭经济水平	很差	21	11(52.4)	2.23	0.69
	较差	35	20(57.1)
	一般	291	144(49.5)
	较好	55	23(41.8)
	很好	41	21(51.2)
是否饮酒	是	76	52(68.4)	13.23	< 0.01
	否	367	167(45.5)
是否吸烟	是	50	38(76.0)	15.91	< 0.01
	否	393	181(46.1)
是否存在抑郁症状	是	59	40(67.8)	9.18	< 0.01
	否	384	179(46.6)
是否存在焦虑症状	是	89	60(67.4)	14.40	< 0.01
	否	354	159(44.9)
是否睡眠质量低下	是	56	38(67.9)	8.70	< 0.01
	否	387	181(46.8)
运动训练类型	田径类	254	137(53.9)	7.78	0.02
	球类	123	59(48.0)
	武术体操类	66	23(34.8)
运动训练经历时长/年	< 1	85	36(42.4)	2.40	0.30
	1~2	253	127(50.2)
	>2	105	56(53.3)
每周运动训练天数/d	1~2	44	24(54.5)	1.04	0.59
	3~5	116	60(51.7)
	6~7	283	135(47.7)
每次运动训练平均	< 1	85	36(42.4)	2.40	0.30
时长/h	1~3	253	127(50.2)
	>3	105	56(53.3)
运动训练时段	早上	47	24(51.1)	2.51	0.47
	上午	39	23(59.0)
	下午	226	113(50.0)
	晚上	131	59(45.0)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 不同维度健康素养水平高中体育特长生运动伤害报告率比较

Table 2. Comparison of sports injury reporting rates of high school students with athletic specialization in different dimensions of health literacy levels

组别	选项	人数	运动伤害人数	χ²值	P值
体力活动	低	162	73(45.1)	4.85	0.09
	中	230	125(54.3)
	高	51	21(41.2)
人际关系	低	244	133(54.5)	6.21	0.05
	中	100	46(46.0)
	高	99	40(40.4)
压力管理	低	255	138(54.1)	7.22	0.03
	中	98	47(48.0)
	高	90	34(37.8)
精神成长	低	241	130(53.9)	5.76	0.06
	中	106	51(48.1)
	高	96	38(39.6)
健康意识	低	233	127(54.5)	9.01	0.01
	中	147	71(48.3)
	高	63	21(33.3)
营养	低	215	115(53.5)	5.95	0.05
	中	139	70(50.4)
	高	89	34(38.2)
总体健康素养	低	193	104(53.9)	9.38	0.01
	中	166	86(51.8)
	高	84	29(34.5)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 3 高中体育特长生健康素养水平与运动伤害发生的Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries[OR(95%CI)]

自变量	选项	性别^a			运动类型^b			总体^c(n=443)
	选项	男生(n=258)	女生(n=185)		田径类(n=254)	球类(n=123)	武术体操类(n=66)	总体^c(n=443)
	体力活动	低	1.73(0.67~4.45)	0.66(0.24~1.83)		1.45(0.61~3.47)	0.31(0.06~1.59)	5.59(0.53~58.96)	1.19(0.60~2.36)
	中	2.55(1.02~6.36)^*	0.82(0.31~2.17)		1.72(0.74~3.98)	0.85(0.19~3.89)	3.53(0.36~34.19)	1.66(0.86~3.20)
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
人际关系	低	2.60(1.28~5.27)^**	1.10(0.50~2.40)		2.43(1.24~4.76)^*	0.84(0.30~2.35)	1.84(0.42~8.14)	1.85(1.11~3.07)^*
	中	1.07(0.48~2.40)	1.24(0.48~3.17)		1.21(0.56~2.62)	0.56(0.16~1.98)	2.97(0.37~23.76)	1.21(0.67~2.21)
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
压力管理	低	2.46(1.22~4.95)^*	1.01(0.44~2.32)		2.12(1.09~4.14)^*	1.58(0.51~4.95)	1.35(0.28~6.49)	1.87(1.10~3.16)^*
	中	1.32(0.58~2.99)	1.54(0.59~4.04)		1.40(0.64~3.06)	1.19(0.32~4.45)	2.48(0.38~16.39)	1.48(0.80~2.74)
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
精神成长	低	2.14(1.07~4.28)^*	1.23(0.54~2.77)		2.36(1.21~4.62)^*	1.90(0.57~6.29)	0.50(0.13~1.89)	1.81(1.08~3.03)^*
	中	1.22(0.56~2.65)	1.55(0.60~4.01)		1.69(0.79~3.61)	1.01(0.27~3.80)	1.13(0.17~7.63)	1.39(0.77~2.51)
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
健康意识	低	4.03(1.78~9.14)^**	1.21(0.45~3.23)		3.59(1.62~7.96)^**	1.14(0.27~4.81)	3.25(0.52~20.20)	2.77(1.48~5.19)^**
	中	2.58(1.10~6.04)^*	1.05(0.36~3.06)		2.24(0.97~5.21)	1.31(0.29~5.92)	0.79(0.11~6.00)	2.01(1.04~3.88)^*
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
营养	低	2.51(1.20~5.27)^*	0.83(0.36~1.90)		2.20(1.10~4.39)^*	1.52(0.43~5.36)	0.91(0.22~3.66)	1.76(1.03~3.01)^*
	中	1.80(0.84~3.88)	0.91(0.37~2.25)		1.64(0.78~3.43)	1.50(0.41~5.49)	0.52(0.10~2.76)	1.47(0.83~2.59)
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
总体健康素养	低	2.46(1.15~5.28)^*	1.42(0.58~3.45)		2.09(1.02~4.30)^*	2.04(0.55~7.55)	3.11(0.61~15.94)	2.08(1.18~3.68)^*
	中	1.91(0.89~4.11)	1.80(0.74~4.37)		2.17(1.06~4.43)^*	2.12(0.56~8.04)	0.82(0.14~4.89)	1.98(1.12~3.51)^*
	高	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
注：^a调整是否为独生子女、饮酒、吸烟、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、睡眠质量、运动类型因素；^b调整性别、是否为独生子女、饮酒、吸烟、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、睡眠质量因素；^c调整性别、是否为独生子女、饮酒、吸烟、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、睡眠质量、运动类型因素；P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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