江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识行为变化趋势及相关因素分析

杜国平; 陈笑艳; 吕玉梅; 李小杉; 谈冰心; 李妍慧; 叶雨秀; 卫艺璇; 张云骋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024257

江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识行为变化趋势及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024257

1.
东南大学医院全科医学科，江苏南京 210018
2.
镇江高等专科学校护理学院
3.
南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院肺移植中心
4.
南通大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度重点课题项目 T-a/2021/01

江苏省高等教育学会“十四五”高等教育科学研究规划一般课题项目 YB041

详细信息

作者简介:
杜国平(1974-)，男，江苏南通人，硕士，主任医师，主要研究方向为学校卫生与健康教育

通讯作者:
张云骋，E-mail：18217295680@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R825.2 R193
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- 文章访问数: 156
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-14
- 修回日期: 2024-05-14
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-25

Trends and associated factors in tuberculosis knowledge and behavior among freshmen from Jiangsu Province, 2019-2022

1.
General Practice, Southeast University Hospital, Nanjing (210018), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识及行为变化趋势和相关因素，为高校结核病知识普及和大学结核病防治工作开展提供理论支持。方法 2019—2022年连续4年采用分层随机抽样方法抽取江苏省20所高校的33 944名大一新生，通过自制问卷在线调查结核病知识和行为情况。采用单因素方差趋势检验和多重线性回归分析知识、行为水平变化趋势，采用多重线性回归模型分析相关因素。结果江苏籍大一新生结核病知识总知晓率为90.6%，2019—2022年度的总知晓率分别为88.4%，90.4%，91.7%，91.8%；行为总正确率为92.3%，各年度的正确率分别为91.8%，92.3%，92.7%，92.4%，知识总知晓率和行为总正确率均逐年上升(F值分别为216.67，11.75，P值均 < 0.01)。多重线性回归分析显示，学校类型、民族、父母文化程度、母亲职业、家庭人均月收入、高中居住方式是个人知识知晓率和行为正确率(β=-0.047~0.035)的相关因素，地区、性别、家庭居住地、独生子女是个人行为正确率的相关因素(β=-0.003~0.032)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论江苏籍大一新生结核病知识及行为水平逐年升高，应针对其相关影响因素有针对性开展健康教育，持续提高其结核病防治素养。
- 结核 /
- 知识 /
- 行为 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the trends and associated factors of tuberculosis knowledge and behavior among freshmen from Jiangsu Province, 2019 to 2022, so as to provide theoretical support for the popularization of tuberculosis knowledge and the prevention and control of tuberculosis in universities. Methods From 2019 to 2022, a total of 33 944 freshmen from 20 universities in Jiangsu Province were selected by stratified random sampling, and tuberculosis knowledge and behavior were surveyed online using a self-designed questionnaire. One-way variance trend test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the trend of knowledge and behavior levels, and a multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The overall awareness rate of tuberculosis among freshmen from Jiangsu Province was 90.6%, and the overall awareness rates from 2019 to 2022 were 88.4%, 90.4%, 91.7%, and 91.8%, respectively. The overall behavioral accuracy rate was 92.3%, with the annual rates from 2019 to 2022 being 91.8%, 92.3%, 92.7%, and 92.4%, respectively. Both the awareness rate and accuracy behavior rate increased annually (F=216.67, 11.75, P < 0.01). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that school type, ethnicity, father's educational level, mother's educational level, mother's occupation, family per capita monthly income, and living arrangement in high school affected both personal knowledge awareness rate and personal behavioral accuracy rate (β=-0.047-0.035, P < 0.01), while region, gender, family residence, and being an only child only affected behavioral accuracy rate (β=-0.003-0.032, P < 0.05). Conclusions The tuberculosis knowledge and behavior levels of freshmen from Jiangsu Province have been increasing by year. Targeted health education should be carried out based on the relevant influencing factors to further enhance the tuberculosis prevention and control literacy.
- Tuberculosis /
- Knowledge /
- Behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

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图 1 江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识各条目知晓率

Figure 1. The awareness rate of tuberculosis knowledge for each item among freshmen from Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2022

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图 2 江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病行为各条目正确率

Figure 2. The accuracy rate of tuberculosis behavior for each item among freshmen in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识、行为变化趋势多重线性回归分析(n=33 944)

Table 1. Multiple linear regression analysis of the change trend of tuberculosis knowledge and behavior among freshmen from Jiangsu Province, 2019-2022(n=33 944)

模型	入学年份	个人知识知晓率				个人行为正确率
模型	入学年份	标准误	t值	P值	β值(95%CI)	标准误	t值	P值	β值(95%CI)
1		0.001	14.130	< 0.01	0.011(0.010~0.013)	0.001	2.935	< 0.01	0.002(0.001~0.003)
2	2019				1.000				1.000
	2020	0.002	7.969	< 0.01	0.020(0.015~0.025)	0.002	2.402	0.02	0.004(0.001~0.008)
	2021	0.002	12.060	< 0.01	0.030(0.025~0.035)	0.002	3.624	< 0.01	0.007(0.003~0.010)
	2022	0.003	13.503	< 0.01	0.034(0.029~0.039)	0.002	2.654	0.01	0.005(0.001~0.009)
注：模型1中入学年份为连续变量；模型2中入学年份为分类变量。所有模型都调整了学校类型、年龄、家庭居住地、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、父亲职业、母亲职业、家庭人均月收入、独生子女、高中居住方式。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 大一新生结核病知识、行为水平相关因素多重线性回归分析(n=33 944)

Table 2. Multiple linear regression analysis of related factors on tuberculosis knowledge and behavior levelsamong freshmen(n=33 944)

自变量	个人知识知晓率		个人行为正确率
自变量	β值	P值	β值	P值
学校类型
公办本科	1.000		1.000
专科	-0.047	< 0.01	-0.025	< 0.01
民办本科	-0.019	< 0.01	-0.003	0.14
地区
苏南			1.000
苏中			0.008	< 0.01
苏北			0.002	0.20
性别
男			1.000
女			0.032	< 0.01
民族
汉族	1.000	0.02	1.000
少数民族	-0.022	0.02	-0.024	< 0.01
家庭居住地
市区			1.000
乡镇			0.003	0.11
农村			0.008	< 0.01
父亲文化程度
小学及以下	1.000		1.000
初中	0.001	0.86	0.008	< 0.01
高中/职高/中专	0.006	0.13	0.008	0.01
大专/本科	0.012	0.01	0.007	0.03
硕士及以上	0.002	0.83	-0.006	0.28
母亲文化程度
小学及以下	1.000		1.000
初中	0.011	< 0.01	0.007	< 0.01
高中/职高/中专	0.015	< 0.01	0.007	0.01
大专/本科	0.020	< 0.01	0.012	< 0.01
硕士及以上	0.025	0.01	0.017	0.02
母亲职业
工人	1.000		1.000
农民	0.002	0.71	-0.005	0.16
医务工作者	-0.010	0.08	-0.008	0.05
教育工作者	-0.009	0.03	-0.004	0.22
其他科研人员	-0.038	< 0.01	-0.026	< 0.01
商业、服务行业	0.001	0.85	0.003	0.13
无业	-0.001	0.71	0.005	0.04
其他	-0.012	< 0.01	-0.003	0.11
家庭人均月收入/元
< 1 000	1.000		1.000
1 000~ < 3 000	0.012	0.05	0.023	< 0.01
3 000~ < 5 000	0.024	< 0.01	0.030	< 0.01
5 000~ < 7 000	0.025	< 0.01	0.035	< 0.01
7 000~ < 9 000	0.029	< 0.01	0.034	< 0.01
≥9 000	0.026	< 0.01	0.030	< 0.01
独生子女
是			1.000	0.05
否			-0.003	0.05
高中居住方式
与父亲居住	1.000		1.000
与母亲居住	0.006	0.29	0.007	0.13
与父母居住	0.011	0.05	0.013	< 0.01
与祖(外祖)父母居住	0.003	0.71	0.003	0.62
学校集体宿舍居住	0.003	0.65	0.010	0.02
其他	-0.036	< 0.01	-0.023	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

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