合肥市15~24岁青年学生对艾滋病病毒暴露前后预防的认知与服务使用现况

戴色莺; 张进; 张丹丹; 刘爱文; 姚晖; 吴家兵

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024251

合肥市15~24岁青年学生对艾滋病病毒暴露前后预防的认知与服务使用现况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024251

1.
安徽省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科，合肥 230601
2.
合肥市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科

基金项目:

安徽省卫生健康委公共卫生与预防医学项目 AHWJ2022b057

详细信息

作者简介:
戴色莺(1984-)，女，福建莆田人，博士，副主任医师，主要研究方向为艾滋病流行病学

通讯作者:
张进，E-mail: zhangjin@ahcdc.com.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R512.91 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-28
- 修回日期: 2024-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-31
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-25

Awareness and service utilization of HIV pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among the young students aged 15-24 years in Hefei

1.
Department of AIDS Prevention, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei (230601), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解合肥市15~24岁在校青年学生对艾滋病病毒暴露前预防(PrEP)、暴露后阻断(PEP)的认知与服务使用现况，为今后青年学生艾滋病的防治工作提供参考依据。方法 2022年5—6月采用分层随机整群抽样方法，抽取合肥市2所不同类型的高校(本科/专科)，对抽中学校916名青年学生进行横断面调查。采用χ²检验进行统计学分析。结果调查的青年学生中，性取向为异性恋占88.4%；12.4%发生过性行为，其中8.8%发生过同性性行为，91.2%发生过异性性行为。最近一次同性性行为中安全套使用率为70.0%，最近一次异性性行为中安全套使用率为83.7%。41.9%听说过PrEP，其PrEP知识知晓率为43.0%，咨询过PrEP和使用过PrEP的比例分别为15.9%和9.4%；38.3%听说过PEP，其PEP知识知晓率为18.2%，咨询过PEP和使用过PEP的比例分别为15.4%和6.0%。结论合肥市青年学生PrEP和PEP的知晓率和使用率均较低。应将PrEP和PEP宣传与校内健康教育宣传相结合，提高青年学生群体认知水平，减少有高危行为的青年学生艾滋病感染风险。
- 人免疫缺陷病毒蛋白质类 /
- 暴露前预防 /
- 认知 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the awareness and service utilization of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among the young students aged 15-24 in Hefei, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of AIDS among young students in the future. Methods From May to June 2022, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select two different types of universities(undergraduate and vocational colleges) in Hefei, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the 916 young students at the selected schools. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the surveyed young students, 88.4% had heterosexual orientation, and 12.4% had sexual behavior including 8.8% of homosexual sexual behavior and 91.2% of heterosexual sexual behavior. The rate of condom use was 70.0% in the last homosexual intercourse, and the rate of condom use was 83.7% in the last heterosexual intercourse. About 41.9% of young students heard of PrEP, and the proportions of young students who knew about PrEP, consulted PrEP and used PrEP were 43.0%, 15.9% and 9.4% respectively. About 38.3% of young students had heard of PEP, and the proportions of young students who knew about PEP, consulted PEP and used PEP were 18.2%, 15.4% and 6.0%. Conclusions The awareness rate and utilization rate of PrEP and PEP among young students in Hefei are relatively low. PrEP and PEP publicity should be combined with education of HIV knowledge, and enhance the awareness rate of the young students, in order to reduce the risk of AIDS infection among young students with high-risk behaviors.
- Human immunodeficiency virus proteins /
- Pre-exposure prevention /
- Cognition /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别青年学生HIV PrEP和PEP知晓情况

Table 1. Awareness of PrEP and PEP for HIV among young students with different groups

组别	选项	人数	知晓PrEP	知晓PEP	组别	选项	人数	知晓PrEP	知晓PEP
学校类型	本科	495	60(12.1)	21(4.2)	听说过PrEP	是	384	-	48(12.5)
	专科	421	105(24.9)	43(10.2)		否	532	-	16(3.0)
年级	大一	639	105(16.4)	38(5.9)	知晓PrEP知识^a	是	165	-	29(17.6)
	大二	225	50(22.2)	18(8.0)		否	219	-	19(8.7)
	大三	23	5(21.7)	3(13.0)	如果发生感染艾滋病的高危行为愿意采用PrEP^a	是	371	162(43.7)	48(12.9)
	大四	29	5(17.2)	5(17.2)		否	13	3(23.1)	0
近1年内月均花费/元	< 1 000	130	19(14.6)	8(6.2)	向艾滋病防治专业人员咨询过PrEP^a	是	61	23(37.8)	8(13.1)
	1 000~2 999	762	143(18.8)	54(7.1)		否	323	142(44.0)	40(12.4)
	3 000~4 999	8	2(25.0)	0	使用过PrEP^a	是	36	17(47.2)	3(8.3)
	≥5 000	16	1(6.3)	2(12.5)		否	348	148(42.5)	45(12.9)
性别	男	309	50(16.2)	21(6.8)	听说过PEP	是	351	111(31.6)	-
	女	607	115(18.9)	43(7.1)		否	565	54(9.6)	-
性取向	同性恋	10	3(30.0)	0	知晓PEP知识^b	是	64	29(45.3)	-
	异性恋	810	150(18.5)	59(7.3)		否	287	82(28.6)	-
	双性恋	50	8(16.0)	2(4.0)	如果发生感染艾滋病的高危行为愿意采用PEP^b	是	339	108(31.9)	61(18.0)
	不清楚	46	4(8.7)	3(6.5)		否	12	3(25.0)	3(25.0)
性行为	与同性	10	4(40.0)	1(10.0)	向艾滋病防治专业人员咨询过PEP^b	是	54	17(31.5)	10(18.5)
	与异性	104	20(19.2)	10(9.6)		否	297	94(31.6)	54(18.2)
	未发生过	802	141(17.5)	53(6.6)	使用过PEP^b	是	21	8(38.1)	1(4.8)
最近1年检测过HIV	是	18	6(33.3)	3(16.7)		否	330	103(31.2)	63(19.1)
	否	898	159(17.7)	61(6.8)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%；a人数为听说过PrEP人数，b人数为听说过PEP人数。

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表 2 青年学生HIV PrEP和PEP知识题目知晓情况构成

Table 2. Awareness of constituent ratios of PrEP and PEP knowledge for HIV among young students

题目	回答人数	题目	回答人数
PrEP的作用		PEP的作用
治疗艾滋病	11(2.9)	治疗艾滋病	96(27.4)
预防艾滋病	305(79.4)	预防艾滋病	221(63.0)
预防性病	60(15.6)	预防性病	28(8.0)
不知道	8(2.1)	不知道	6(1.7)
哪些人需要PrEP		哪些情况需要PEP
感染者	15(3.9)	已感染艾滋病	22(6.3)
未感染艾滋病但有较高风险的男性同性恋者、女性性工作者和吸毒者	319(83.1)	过去72 h内发生了易感染艾滋病的行为	309(88.0)
		一个月之前发生了易感染艾滋病的行为	10(2.8)
普通大众	44(11.5)	不知道	10(2.8)
不知道	6(1.6)	使用PEP前是否需要HIV检测呈阴性
使用PrEP前是否需要HIV检测呈阴性		是	227(64.7)
是	252(65.6)	否	77(21.9)
否	63(16.4)	不知道	47(13.4)
不知道	69(18.0)	PEP的一个用药疗程是多久
PrEP服用方法(多选)		14 d	100(28.5)
每日服药	235(61.2)	28 d	175(49.9)
按需服药	305(79.4)	3个月	43(12.3)
不知道	40(10.4)	6个月	33(9.4)
使用PrEP期间发生性行为是否需要使用安全套		使用PEP期间发生性行为是否需要使用安全套
是	366(95.3)	是	329(93.7)
否	1(0.3)	否	10(2.8)
不知道	17(4.4)	不知道	12(3.4)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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