某高校大一学生2014—2022年体质健康状况变化

赵杨; 孙通; 梁丹; 陈华东

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024228

某高校大一学生2014—2022年体质健康状况变化

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024228

福建医科大学体育教研部，福州 350122

基金项目:

福建省本科高校教育教学研究项目 FBJY20230291

福建省中青年教师教育科研项目 JAS19096

详细信息

作者简介:
赵杨(1988-)，女，福建福州人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为身体运动与健康

通讯作者:
陈华东，E-mail：Chenhd1011@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 Q983 G479
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-29
- 修回日期: 2024-04-25
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-31
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-25

Changes in physical fitness of freshmen in one university from 2014 to 2022

Physical Education Department, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou (350122), Fujian Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析福建医科大学2014—2022年大一学生体质健康指标的变化趋势，为医学院校体育教学深化改革提供理论依据和参考。方法以福建医科大学2014—2022年23 874名大一学生体检健康监测数据为基础，采用Pearson相关分析和线性回归分析等方法，分析9年来大一学生体质健康发展态势。结果 2014—2022年间，大一男生在身高、体重、体质量指数(BMI)、肺活量方面出现上升趋势；大一女生在身高、体重、BMI、肺活量、立定跳远、坐位体前屈、仰卧起坐、800 m跑成绩存在上升趋势。从效果量d和解释率r²来看，男生肺活量(d=0.60)具有中效应；女生肺活量(d=0.81)、仰卧起坐(d=1.01)具有大效应，坐位体前屈(d=0.57)具有中效应(P值均 < 0.01)。结论 2014—2022年大一学生身体形态水平平稳提升，女生的立定跳远、坐位体前屈、仰卧起坐、800 m跑存在良好变化趋势。
- 体质 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the trend of physical fitness of freshmen of Fujian Medical University from 2014 to 2022, so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for deepening the reform of physical education in medical colleges. Methods Based on the physical examination and health monitoring data of 23 874 freshmen from Fujian Medical University during 2014 to 2022, Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the development trend of physical health of freshmen over the past 9 years. Results From 2014 to 2022, there was an upward trend in height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and lung capacity among first-year male students, first-year girls showed an upward trend in height, weight, BMI, lung capacity, standing long jump, sitting forward bending, sit ups, and 800 meter run performance. From the perspective of effect size d and explanatory rate r², male lung capacity (d=0.60) showed a moderate effect, while the lung capacity (d=0.81) and sit ups (d=1.01) of female students showed a moderate effect, and sitting forward flexion (d=0.57) showed a large effect (P < 0.01). Conclusions Physical form level of freshmen have steadily improved during 2014 to 2022. Female students show a more clear increasing trend in standing long jump, sitting forward bending, sit ups, and 800 meter run.
- Body constitution /
- Growth and development /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 某医科大学大一学生2014—2022年身体形态和肺活量变化趋势

Figure 1. Trend of body shape and lung capacity changes among freshmen of a medical university from 2014 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 某医科大学大一学生2014—2022年身体素质各因子变化趋势

Figure 2. Trend of changes in various factors of physical fitness of freshman students of a medical university from 2014 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 某医科大学大一学生体质健康各指标2014—2022年的变化量

Table 1. Changes in physical health indicators of freshman of a medical university from 2014 to 2022

指标	男生(n=9 739)						女生(n=14 135)
指标	x₂₀₁₄	x₂₀₂₂	x_变化	s	d	r²	x₂₀₁₄	x₂₀₂₂	x_变化	s	d	r²
身高/cm	172.40	174.13	1.73	5.92	0.29^*	0.02	159.90	161.42	1.52	5.53	0.27^*	0.02
体重/kg	64.20	68.22	4.02	10.86	0.37^*	0.03	51.10	54.36	3.26	7.66	0.43^*	0.04
BMI/(kg·m^-2)	21.60	22.47	0.87	3.22	0.27^*	0.02	19.99	20.84	0.85	2.65	0.32^*	0.03
肺活量/mL	4 128.00	4 633.40	505.40	837.31	0.60^*	0.06	2 728.20	3 245.80	517.60	641.58	0.81^*	0.13
立定跳远/m	235.35	239.91	4.56	21.74	0.21	0.01	180.45	188.14	7.69	17.56	0.44^*	0.05
50 m跑/s	7.40	7.25	-0.15	0.60	-0.25	0.02	9.00	8.88	-0.12	0.70	-0.17	0.01
1 000或800 m跑/s	252.00	251.00	-1.00	27.24	-0.04	0.01	244.00	236.00	-8.00	24.31	-0.33^*	0.03
引体向上或仰卧起坐/个	5.50	7.36	1.86	5.36	0.35	0.03	30.70	40.97	10.27	10.14	1.01^*	0.20
坐位体前屈/cm	14.10	15.70	1.60	6.71	0.24	0.01	16.60	20.07	3.47	6.05	0.57^*	0.08
注： *P < 0.05。

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