中国三省市大学生“躺平”行为现状及其与抑郁症状的关联

马声; 王欢; 王晓芳; 卢金逵; 王良君; 胡翼飞; 于晓冉; 宋逸; 邹志勇

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024186

中国三省市大学生“躺平”行为现状及其与抑郁症状的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024186

1.
北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所，北京 100191
2.
辽阳市教育招生考试委员会办公室卫生保健科
3.
江西省上饶师范学院体育学院
4.
锦州医科大学公共卫生学院
5.
首都医科大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

北京大学引进人才计划与启动项目 BMU2021YJ037

详细信息

作者简介:
马声(1998-)，女，山东潍坊人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健学

通讯作者:
邹志勇，E-mail：harveyzou2002@bjmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 C913.5 B844.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-04
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-25

Prevalence of Lying Flat behaviors and its association with depressive symptoms among college students from three provinces and cities in China

1.
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing (100191), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中国高校大学生“躺平”行为现状，并分析其与抑郁症状的关联，为促进青少年身心健康发展提供科学依据。方法 2023年7—10月，在江西省、辽宁省和北京市通过方便抽样方法分别选择3所高校，在校内发放问卷星链接，采用自编问卷获得大学生基本信息与“躺平”行为表现，采用患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)筛查抑郁症状大学生，共获得有效问卷4 225份。采用χ²检验比较不同人口学特征大学生“躺平”行为的报告率，采用有序Logistic回归分析不同“躺平”行为表现与抑郁症状之间的关联，并采用Z检验评估关联程度的差异。结果大学生学业“躺平”、生活“躺平”和社交“躺平”的报告率分别为32.7%，17.8%和17.5%，其中6.7%的大学生同时具有3种“躺平”行为。在同时具有3种“躺平”行为的大学生中，无、轻度、中度及以上抑郁症状的构成比分别为9.9%，30.5%和59.6%。有序Logistic回归分析结果显示，有3种“躺平”行为的学生易发生轻度、中度及以上抑郁症状[OR值(95%CI)分别为2.49(1.60~3.87)，7.69(5.01~11.79)，P值均 < 0.01]。结论大学生学业“躺平”行为最为普遍，学业、生活和社交“躺平”行为与抑郁症状均呈正相关。应重视大学生“躺平”行为与抑郁等心理健康状况，促进大学生身心健康发展。
- 躺平 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of Lying Flat behaviors and its association with depressive symptoms among Chinese college students, so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the physical and mental health development of adolescents. Methods From July to October 2023, three universities were selected through convenient sampling from Jiangxi Province, Liaoning Province and Beijing City, respectively. Self-designed questionnaire links were distributed on campus to collect basic information and Lying Flat behaviors among college students, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was utilized to screen for students with depressive symptoms. Finally, a total of 4 225 valid questionnaires were obtained. Chi-square was used to compare of report rates of Lying Flat behaviors across different demographic characteristics. Ordered Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between Lying Flat behaviors and depressive symptoms, with Z test used to assess variations in the strength of associations. Results The reporting rates of academic, life, and social Lying Flat were 32.7%, 17.8% and 17.5%, respectively. And 6.7% of the participants were found of all three Lying Flat behaviors simultaneously.Among college students with three Lying Flat behaviors, the constituent ratios of no, mild, moderate and above depressive symptoms were 9.9%, 30.5% and 59.6%, respectively. Additionally, college students who had three Lying Flat behaviors were more likely to show mild, moderate and above depressive symptoms [OR(95%CI)=2.49(1.60-3.87), 7.69(5.01-11.79), P < 0.01]. Conclusions Academic Lying Flat behavior is most prevalent among college students. Academic, life and social Lying Flat behaviors are all significantly positively correlated with depressive symptoms. Attention should be paid to the Lying Flat behaviors and college students' psychological health conditions to promote their physical and mental health development.
- Lying flat /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同人口学特征大学生“躺平”行为报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of reporting rates of Lying Flat behaviors among college students with different demographic characteristics

人口学指标	选项	人数	统计值	学业“躺平”行为	生活“躺平”行为	社交“躺平”行为	有3种“躺平”行为
性别	男	1 440		472(32.8)	270(18.8)	263(18.3)	103(7.2)
	女	2 785		910(32.7)	483(17.3)	476(17.1)	179(6.4)
			χ²值	0.01	1.28	0.90	0.80
年级	大一	2 507		744(29.7)	361(14.4)	361(14.4)	134(5.3)
	大二	803		225(28.0)	144(17.9)	154(19.2)	62(7.7)
	大三	473		194(41.0)	117(24.7)	101(21.4)	32(6.8)
	大四及大五	442		219(49.5)	131(29.6)	123(27.8)	54(12.2)
			χ²值	90.26^**	77.63^**	55.80^**	30.33^**
学校类型	本科	1 360		663(48.8)	380(27.9)	325(23.9)	153(11.3)
	专科	2 865		719(25.1)	373(13.0)	414(14.5)	129(4.5)
			χ²值	234.43^**	140.21^**	57.03^**	67.40^**
学校所在地	江西省	1 791		548(30.6)	262(14.6)	290(16.2)	100(5.6)
	辽宁省	1 445		263(18.2)	160(11.1)	174(12.0)	52(3.6)
	北京市	989		571(57.7)	331(33.5)	275(27.8)	130(13.1)
			χ²值	423.23^**	222.72^**	104.74^**	91.84^**
家庭所在地	城市	1 807		653(36.1)	381(21.1)	328(18.2)	133(7.4)
	农村	2 418		729(30.1)	372(15.4)	411(17.0)	149(6.2)
			χ²值	16.85^**	22.94^**	0.95	2.38
月生活费/元	< 800	364		77(21.2)	51(14.0)	70(19.2)	26(7.1)
	800~2 000	3 233		1 054(32.6)	543(16.8)	567(17.5)	209(6.5)
	>2 000	628		251(40.0)	159(25.3)	102(16.2)	47(7.5)
			χ²值	37.13^**	30.03^**	1.45	1.02
吸烟	从不	3 667		1 210(33.0)	630(17.2)	640(17.5)	233(6.4)
	有时	301		78(25.9)	58(19.3)	47(15.6)	24(8.0)
	经常	194		76(39.2)	55(28.4)	43(22.2)	20(10.3)
	已戒烟	63		18(28.6)	10(15.9)	9(14.3)	5(7.9)
			χ²值	10.63^*	16.31^**	4.12	5.70
饮酒	从不	2 334		704(30.2)	337(14.4)	386(16.5)	133(5.7)
	有时	1 714		616(35.9)	370(21.6)	316(18.4)	132(7.7)
	经常	130		52(40.0)	38(29.2)	30(23.1)	14(10.8)
	已戒酒	47		10(21.3)	8(17.0)	7(14.9)	3(6.4)
			χ²值	20.93^**	46.40^**	5.56	9.98^*
体力活动	几乎每天运动	683		119(17.4)	72(10.5)	73(10.7)	23(3.4)
	每周3~4次	745		202(27.1)	106(14.2)	100(13.4)	27(3.6)
	每周1~2次	1 350		405(30.0)	195(14.4)	185(13.7)	64(4.7)
	每2周1~2次	728		289(39.7)	153(21.0)	158(21.7)	62(8.5)
	从不运动	719		367(51.0)	227(31.6)	223(31.0)	106(14.7)
			χ²值	213.56^**	139.68^**	143.94^**	110.33^**
注： P < 0.05 *P < 0.01；()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 大学生“躺平”行为与抑郁症状关联的有序Logistic回归分析[n=4 225，OR值(95%CI)]

Table 2. Ordered Logistic regression analysis of association between Lying Flat behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students[n=4 225, OR(95%CI)]

自变量	轻度抑郁症状	中度及以上抑郁症状
学业“躺平”行为	2.14(1.79~2.57)	4.52(3.69~5.53)
生活“躺平”行为	2.28(1.79~2.92)	5.68(4.42~7.31)
社交“躺平”行为	2.33(1.84~2.94)	4.41(3.45~5.63)
有3种“躺平”行为	2.49(1.60~3.87)	7.69(5.01~11.79)
注： P值均 < 0.01。

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表 3 大学生“躺平”行为与抑郁症状关联基于性别和学校类型的分层分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Stratified analysis of association between Lying Flat behaviors of college students and depressive symptoms by gender and by types of school[OR(95%CI)]

因变量	自变量	性别		学校类型
因变量	自变量	男(n=1 440)	女(n=2 785)	本科(n=1 360)	专科(n=2 865)
轻度抑郁症状	学业“躺平”行为	2.41(1.76~3.28)^**	2.03(1.63~2.53)^**	2.09(1.58~2.77)^**	2.18(1.72~2.76)^**
	生活“躺平”行为	2.26(1.52~3.35)^**	2.33(1.70~3.20)^**	2.07(1.45~2.94)^**	2.53(1.78~3.59)^**
	社交“躺平”行为	2.66(1.82~3.88)^**	2.17(1.62~2.93)^**	2.56(1.77~3.70)^**	2.22(1.64~3.01)^**
	有3种“躺平”行为	2.31(1.20~4.45)^*	2.76(1.50~5.08)^**	2.68(1.51~4.75)^**	2.46(1.20~5.06)^**
中度及以上抑郁症状	学业“躺平”行为	4.02(2.86~5.64)^**	4.96(3.85~6.39)^**	4.66(3.33~6.51)^**	4.51(3.48~5.85)^**
	生活“躺平”行为	4.62(3.08~6.92)^*	6.59(4.76~9.12)^**	6.10(4.21~8.84)^**	5.51(3.86~7.86)^**
	社交“躺平”行为	3.62(2.43~5.40)^**	4.92(3.61~6.72)^**	4.76(3.22~7.03)^**	4.20(3.05~5.77)^**
	有3种“躺平”行为	5.06(2.66~9.62)^**	10.46(5.81~18.85)^**	7.13(4.06~12.52)^**	8.83(4.44~17.59)^**
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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