重庆市渝中区健康教育师资现状及改进路径探索

柳伶; 冉文华

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024180

重庆市渝中区健康教育师资现状及改进路径探索

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024180

柳伶,
冉文华^,

重庆市渝中区中小学卫生保健所，400010

详细信息

作者简介:
柳伶(1977-)，女，重庆市人，大学本科，副主任医师，主要从事学校卫生、健康教育方面工作

通讯作者:
冉文华，E-mail：1395278027@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G627.8 G525.1 G479 G472.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-25
- 修回日期: 2024-04-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-25

Current status of health education faculty and paths to improvement in Yuzhong District of Chongqing

LIU Ling,
RAN Wenhua^,

Primary and Secondary Health Care Institute of Chongqing Yuzhong District, Chongqing (400010), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解重庆市渝中区健康教育师资现状，探索改进健康教育师资队伍建设实施路径。方法于2023年8月采用分层随机抽样方法，从渝中区11个街道共抽取17所学校的555名教师及校医进行问卷调查，其中409名专职或兼任健康教育课教师纳入分析。采用χ²检验及Fisher确切概率法分析不同职务健康教育师资开展健康教育课程频率、擅长领域等差异。结果健康教育师资以女性为主，占81.66%；体育教师、校医、班主任、其他学科教师群体占比分别为14.67%，8.31%，62.84%，14.18%，其中班主任(81.33%)和校医(80.95%)开展健康教育课比例最高；教学学段以小学为主(一至三年级：42.30%，四至六年级：44.74%)；健康教育师资中，校医受过健康教育课程相关培训的比例最高(88.24%)；体育教师、班主任、校医、其他学科教师开课频率差异有统计学意义(χ²=54.46，P < 0.01)。Fisher确切概率法检验结果显示，体育教师、班主任、校医、其他学科教师自评最擅长领域和最不擅长领域的分布差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)。结论渝中区健康教育师资主要由体育教师、校医、班主任和其他学科教师构成；对校医进行教学规范化培训考核，可推动校医群体发展为专业化健康教育师资。
- 健康教育者 /
- 组织和管理 /
- 课程 /
- 问卷调查
Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of health education faculty in Yuzhong District of Chongqing, so as to explore the implementation path to improve the construction of health education faculty. Methods In August 2023, stratified random sampling was used to directly select a total of 555 teachers and school doctors from 17 schools in 11 streets of Yuzhong District, who were invited to conduct a questionnaire survey. A total of 409 full-time or part-time health education teachers were included in the analysis of the results. Both χ² test and Fisher exact probability method were analyzed for compare the differences in the frequency of conducting health education courses and specializing in specializing areas among different plant health education teachers in Yuzhong District. Results Health education course faculty were mainly female teachers, accounting for 81.66%. The proportions of physical education (PE) teachers, school doctors, head teachers and teachers from other disciplines were 14.67%, 8.31%, 62.84%, 14.18%, and the class teachers (81.33%) and school doctor (80.95%) were found of the highest proportion of providing health education courses, and the teaching section was mainly elementary school (first to third grade: 42.30%, fourth to sixth grade: 44.74%). Among the teachers, school doctors had the highest proportion (88.24%) of receiving training related to health education courses. And there was a significant stastical difference in the frequency of conducting health education classes among PE teachers, school doctor, head teachers and the teachers of other courses (χ²=54.46, P < 0.01). The results of Fisher exact probability method showed that the differences in self-assessment of the most and least skilled areas among PE teachers, school doctor, head teachers and teachers of other courses were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusions Health education faculty in Yuzhong District is mainly composed of PE teachers, school doctor, head teachers and teachers of other courses. The standardized training and assessment of teaching for school doctor could promote the school nurse group developing into specialized health education faculty.
- Health educators /
- Organization and administration /
- Curriculum /
- Questionnaires
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表 1 健康教育师资开展健康教育课程频率

Table 1. Frequency of health education courses offered by different health education faculties

职务	人数	< 4课时/学期	4~6课时/学期	7~8课时/学期	>8课时/学期
体育教师	60	22(36.67)	17(28.33)	10(16.67)	11(18.33)
校医	34	15(44.12)	8(23.53)	2(5.88)	9(26.47)
班主任	257	43(16.73)	53(20.62)	21(8.17)	140(54.47)
其他学科	58	28(48.28)	8(13.79)	3(5.17)	19(32.76)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 健康教育师资自评最擅长和最不擅长健康教育领域分布

Table 2. Distribution of the best and least skilled in health education curriculum in self-evaluation of health education faculty

职务	是否擅长	健康行为与生活方式	生长发育与青春期保健	心理健康	生命教育(急救知识与技能相关)	疾病预防与突发公共卫生事件应对	安全应急与避险	其他未提及的健康相关
体育教师	是	12(20.00)	3(5.00)	11(18.33)	17(28.33)	0	15(25.00)	2(3.33)
(n=60)	否	3(5.00)	20(33.33)	17(28.33)	3(5.00)	9(15.00)	5(8.33)	3(5.00)
校医	是	9(26.47)	4(11.76)	0	16(47.06)	4(11.76)	1(2.94)	0
(n=34)	否	1(2.94)	6(17.65)	16(47.06)	1(2.94)	0	4(11.76)	6(17.65)
班主任	是	148(57.59)	14(5.45)	46(17.90)	18(7.00)	3(1.17)	28(10.89)	0
(n=257)	否	7(2.72)	90(35.02)	52(20.23)	38(14.79)	39(15.18)	16(6.23)	15(5.84)
其他学科	是	22(37.93)	6(10.34)	15(25.86)	4(6.90)	0	7(12.07)	4(6.90)
(n=58)	否	9(15.52)	14(24.14)	13(22.41)	12(20.69)	3(5.17)	1(1.72)	6(10.34)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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