江苏某医学院校大学新生体能与手机依赖及抑郁症状共患的关联

杨伟伟; 彭献镇; 王丹华; 徐济达; 任甲翠

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024143

江苏某医学院校大学新生体能与手机依赖及抑郁症状共患的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024143

南京医科大学康达学院，江苏连云港 222000

基金项目:

连云港市社会科学基金项目 23LKT040

详细信息

作者简介:
杨伟伟(1987-)，女，山东威海人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为体质健康促进

通讯作者:
任甲翠，E-mail：renjiacui@yeah.net

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 C913.5 B844.2 TN916.9
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-08
- 修回日期: 2024-03-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-25

Associations between physical fitness and comorbidity of problematic mobile phone use and depression among first-year students of a medical college in Jiangsu

Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang (222000), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨医学院校大学新生体能指数(PFI)与抑郁症状、手机依赖及其共患的关联性，为探索青少年手机依赖和抑郁症状“共患-共因-共防”提供参考。方法 2021年10—11月，采取分层随机整群抽样方法抽取江苏省2所医学院校2021年新入学的1 984名本科生作为调查对象。采用患者健康问卷-9项(PHQ-9)和青少年手机使用依赖自评问卷(SQAPMPU)评估抑郁症状和手机依赖，并完成握力、立定跳远、50 m跑、改良坐位体前屈、20 s反复横跨、1 min仰卧起坐、20 m往返跑以及800/1 000 m跑。采用二元Logistic回归分析大新学生体能与抑郁症状、手机依赖及其共患的关联性，并进行中介作用分析。结果大学新生抑郁症状检出率为28.63%，手机依赖检出率为24.95%，共患检出率为13.65%。与无抑郁症状、无手机依赖、无共患者[0.08(-1.84，2.06)，0.14(-1.84，2.06)，0.15(-1.82，2.12)]相比，具有抑郁症状[轻度: -0.03(-1.91，1.41)；中度: -0.22(-3.17，2.37)；重度: -1.62(-3.33，-0.16)]、手机依赖[-0.45(-2.17，1.06)]及其共患症状者[无抑郁有手机依赖: 0.06(-1.98，1.54)；有抑郁无手机依赖: -0.37(-2.21，1.17)；均有: -0.52(-2.17，0.97)]体能指数均较低(Z/H值分别为4.40，20.84，20.80，P值均＜0.01)。与低体能相比，高体能组抑郁症状、手机依赖和共患的风险均降低[OR值(95%CI)分别为0.61(0.47~0.80)，0.62(0.48~0.79)，0.65(0.47~0.91)，P值均 < 0.05]。手机依赖在体能与抑郁症状的关联中起到不完全中介效应，效应值0.014，占总效应的36.84%。结论大学新生体能状况与抑郁症状、手机依赖及其共患存在关联性。应加强大学新生体育锻炼、增强体能，预防其手机依赖、抑郁症状及共患的发生。
- 体质 /
- 便携式电话 /
- 行为，成瘾 /
- 抑郁 /
- 共患现象 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To exploring the associations of the physical fitness index with depression, problematic mobile phone use, and comorbidity, so as to provide references for exploring the comorbidity co-cause and co-prevention of mobile phone dependence and depression symptoms among adolescents. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 984 first-year students at two medical colleges in Jiangsu Province from October to November in 2021. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) were used to evaluate the risk of depression and symptoms of problematic mobile phone use. Tests included grip strength, standing long jump, 50 m running, modified sitting forward flexion, 20 s repeated traverse, 1 min sit-ups, 20 m round-trip running (20 m SRT), and 800/1 000 m run. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations of the physical fitness index with depression and problematic mobile phone use, and mediating effects were analyzed. Results The overall detection rates were 28.63% for depression symptoms, 24.95% for problematic mobile phone use, and 13.65% for comorbidity. Compared with students without depressive symptoms, students without mobile phone dependence, and students without comorbidity[0.08(-1.84, 2.06), 0.14(-1.84, 2.06), 0.15(-1.82, 2.12)], students with depressive symptoms[mild: -0.03(-1.91, 1.41), moderate: -0.22(-3.17, 2.37), severe: -1.62(-3.33, -0.16)], mobile phone dependence[-0.45(-2.17, 1.06)], and their comorbid symptoms [no depression and mobile phone dependence: 0.06(-1.98, 1.54), depression without mobile phone dependence: -0.37(-2.21, 1.17), both: -0.52(-2.17, 0.97)] had lower physical fitness index (Z/H=4.40, 20.84, 20.80, P < 0.01). The risk of depression and problematic mobile phone use, and the co-morbidity detection rate in the higher physical fitness index group were lower than those in the lower physical fitness index group [OR(95%CI)=0.61(0.47-0.80), 0.62(0.48-0.79), 0.65(0.47-0.91), P < 0.05]. Analysis of mediating effects indicated that problematic mobile phone use had an indirect effect (indirect effect=0.014) on the physical fitness index and depression, and accounted for 36.84% of the total effect. Conclusions The physical fitness index is associated with depression, problematic mobile phone use, and comorbidity. Physical exercise and physical fitness efforts should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of mobile phone dependence, depression, and comorbidity.
- Body constitution /
- Cellular phone /
- Behavior, addictive /
- Depression /
- Comorbidity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别大学新生抑郁症状和手机依赖检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of prevalence of PMPU and depression among freshmen from medical colleges

组别	选项	人数	统计值	抑郁症状	手机依赖	共患
性别	男	787		203(25.79)	190(24.14)	102(12.96)
	女	1 197		365(30.49)	305(25.48)	169(14.12)
			χ²值	5.13	0.45	0.54
			P值	0.03	0.52	0.46
年龄/岁	17~18	1 041		272(26.13)	248(23.82)	131(12.58)
	19~20	873		267(30.58)	233(26.69)	131(15.01)
	≥21	70		29(41.43)	14(20.00)	9(12.86)
			χ²值	10.80	2.87	2.35
			P值	＜0.01	0.24	0.31
专业学科分类	工学	123		39(31.71)	28(22.76)	17(13.82)
	管理学	255		80(31.40)	63(24.71)	36(14.12)
	文学	50		21(42.00)	23(46.00)	15(30.00)
	医学	1 556		428(27.51)	381(24.49)	203(13.05)
			χ²值	7.17	13.14	14.27
			P值	0.13	0.01	0.01
家庭居住地	农村	758		229(30.21)	208(27.44)	114(15.04)
	城市	1 226		339(27.65)	287(23.41)	157(12.81)
			χ²值	1.50	4.06	1.98
			P值	0.22	0.04	0.16
独生子女	是	1 049		272(25.93)	224(21.35)	120(11.44)
	否	935		296(31.66)	271(28.98)	151(16.15)
			χ²值	7.93	15.37	9.30
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
家庭类型	双亲	1 776		499(28.10)	443(24.94)	236(13.29)
	单亲	107		42(39.25)	28(26.17)	19(17.76)
	组合	89		22(24.72)	20(22.47)	13(14.61)
	其他	12		5(41.67)	4(33.33)	3(25.00)
			χ²值	7.82	0.83	3.10
			P值	0.05	0.84	0.38
家庭经济条件	差	58		25(43.10)	19(32.76)	15(25.86)
	较差	225		93(41.33)	70(31.11)	50(22.22)
	中等	1 451		400(27.57)	354(24.39)	184(12.68)
	较好	206		40(19.42)	42(20.39)	16(7.77)
	好	44		10(22.73)	10(22.73)	6(13.64)
			χ²值	-5.61	-2.88	-4.86
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
每月生活费 /元	＜1 000	113		45(39.82)	32(28.32)	19(16.81)
	1 000~1 500	904		272(30.09)	232(25.66)	133(14.71)
	>1 500~2 000	733		198(27.01)	174(23.74)	95(12.96)
	>2 000	234		53(22.65)	57(24.36)	24(10.26)
			χ²值	-3.22	-1.07	-2.02
			P值	＜0.01	0.28	0.04
合计		1 984		568(28.63)	495(24.95)	271(13.66)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 各手机依赖、抑郁症状及共患组别大学新生PFI标准化得分比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅)]

Table 2. Comparison of PFI scores for each cell phone dependence, depressive symptoms, and comorbidity group[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

变量	选项	人数	体能指数Z值	Z/H值
手机依赖	无	1 489	0.14(-1.84，2.06)	4.44^**
	有	495	-0.45(-2.17，1.06)
抑郁症状	无	1 416	0.08(-1.84，2.06)	20.84^**
	轻度	439	-0.03(-1.91，1.41)
	中度	85	-0.22(-3.17，2.37)
	重度	44	-1.62(-3.33，-0.16)
共患赋值	1	1 192	0.15(-1.82，2.12)	20.80^**
	2	224	0.06(-1.98，1.54)
	3	297	-0.37(-2.21，1.17)
	4	271	-0.52(-2.17，0.97)
注： **P < 0.01；1=无抑郁且无手机依赖，2=无抑郁有手机依赖，3=有抑郁无手机依赖，4=均有。

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