大学生身体活动和睡眠质量与焦虑及抑郁情绪的关系

陈保祥; 周玉兰; 黄赞

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024139

大学生身体活动和睡眠质量与焦虑及抑郁情绪的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024139

浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院，金华 321004

基金项目:

浙江省社会科学界联合会研究课题项目 2023N014

详细信息

作者简介:
陈保祥(1999-)，男，山东日照人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为身体活动与健康促进

通讯作者:
周玉兰，E-mail：zhouyulan004@outlook.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 B844.2 G806 Q428
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-03
- 修回日期: 2024-02-05
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-25

Associations of physical activity, sleep quality with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students

College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua (321004), Zhejiang Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨大学生身体活动、睡眠质量与焦虑、抑郁情绪的关系，以期为大学生心理健康干预提供实证支持与理论指导。方法于2023年3—4月，采用方便抽样的方法选取中国6所不同省份高校的2 099名大学生进行调查，采用国际体育活动问卷简表(IPAQ-SF)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估参与者的身体活动量、睡眠质量、抑郁和焦虑情绪。采用描述性统计、Logistic回归模型对数据进行分析。结果高体力活动的大学生比例为30.3%，中等和低体力活动的大学生分别为45.3%和24.4%。62.3%的大学生睡眠质量较差，焦虑和抑郁情绪的检出率分别为21.6%和39.9%。与男生(42.8%)相比，女生参加高体力活动的比例较低(22.3%)，而参加中等体力活动(48.1%)和低体力活动(29.5%)的比例则高于男生(40.8%，16.4%)；女生(65.0%)睡眠质量差的比例高于男生(58.0%)(χ²值分别为110.15，10.70，P值均 < 0.05)。女生有抑郁情绪的比例(43.8%)高于男生(33.9%)(χ²=20.48，P < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，高体力活动与大学生焦虑和抑郁情绪均呈负相关(OR值分别为0.45，0.33)，睡眠质量差与大学生焦虑和抑郁情绪呈正相关(OR值分别为3.89，3.94)(P值均 < 0.01)；身体活动和睡眠质量与大学生的焦虑、抑郁情绪存在交互效应关系，即与低体力活动且睡眠质量差相比，高体力活动和睡眠质量好的共同作用与大学生焦虑和抑郁情绪的降低均相关(OR值分别为0.14，0.08，P值均 < 0.01)。结论身体活动和睡眠质量与大学生的焦虑、抑郁情绪存在相关性。提高身体活动量和睡眠质量有益于改善大学生抑郁和焦虑等心理健康问题。
- 运动活动 /
- 睡眠 /
- 焦虑 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the associations of physical activity and sleep quality with anxiety and depressive symptoms in college students, in order to provide empirical support and theoretical guidance for mental health intervention among college students. Methods From March to April 2023, 2 099 college students from universities in 6 different provinces were selected by a convenient sampling method. Physical activity, sleep quality, anxiety and depressive symptoms were evaluated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Anxiety Self-Rating Scale (SAS), respectively. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results The reporting rates of low-intensity, moderate-intensity, and high-intensity physical activity among college students were 30.3%, 45.3%, and 24.4%, respectively. Moreover, among the participants, anxiety was detected in 21.6% and depressive symptoms in 39.9%, while 62.3% experienced poor sleep quality. Compared with males, females exhibited a lower proportion of high-intensity physical activity (22.3% vs 42.8%), while reported higher proportions of moderate-intensity (48.1% vs 40.8%) and low-intensity physical activity (29.5% vs 16.4%). Additionally, the proportion of females reporting poor sleep quality (65.0%) was higher than that of males (58.0%) (χ²=110.15, 10.70, P < 0.05). The proportion of girls (43.8%) with depressive sypmtoms was higher than that of boys (33.9%) (χ²=20.48, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that high physical activity was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression (OR=0.45, 0.33), poor sleep quality was positively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms (OR=3.89, 3.94) (P < 0.01).The interaction effect between high physical activity and good sleep quality was associated with the reduction of anxiety and depression among college students (OR=0.14, 0.08, P < 0.01). Conclusions Physical activity and sleep quality are associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students. The interventions for mental health problems such as depression and anxiety among college students should aim to improve physical activity and sleep quality.
- Motor activity /
- Sleep /
- Anxiety /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同性别大学生身体活动量、睡眠质量构成比较

Table 1. Comparison of physical activity and sleep quality among college students of different genders

性别	人数	身体活动量			睡眠质量
性别	人数	高	中	低	好	差
男	823	352(42.8)	336(40.8)	135(16.4)	346(42.0)	477(58.0)
女	1 276	285(22.3)	614(48.1)	377(29.5)	446(35.0)	830(65.0)
合计	2 099	637(30.3)	950(45.3)	512(24.4)	792(37.7)	1 307(62.3)
χ²值		110.15			10.70
P值		<0.01			<0.01
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 大学生身体活动和睡眠质量的交互作用与焦虑、抑郁情绪的二元Logistic回归分析[n=2 099，OR值(95%CI)]

Table 2. Binary Logistic regression analysis of the interaction between physical activity and sleep quality and anxiety and depression in college students[n=2 099, OR(95%CI)]

自变量	焦虑情绪	抑郁情绪
低身体活动量×睡眠质量差	1.00	1.00
低身体活动量×睡眠质量好	0.37(0.22~0.60)^**	0.33(0.22~0.49)^**
中身体活动量×睡眠质量差	0.99(0.75~1.31)	0.97(0.75~1.27)
中身体活动量×睡眠质量好	0.20(0.13~0.31)^**	0.22(0.16~0.30)^**
高身体活动量×睡眠质量差	0.54(0.38~0.76)^**	0.34(0.25~0.46)^**
高身体活动量×睡眠质量好	0.14(0.08~0.24)^**	0.08(0.05~0.12)^**
注： **P<0.01。

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