内蒙古城乡中小学生月经初潮或首次遗精年龄与肥胖相关性

杨田; 宋逸; 董彦会; 袁雯; 张秀红; 范耀春; 李欢; 岳宣志

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024137

内蒙古城乡中小学生月经初潮或首次遗精年龄与肥胖相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024137

杨田¹,
宋逸²,
董彦会²,
袁雯²,
张秀红^1, ,,
范耀春^1, ,,
李欢³,
岳宣志³

1.
内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生所，呼和浩特 010000
2.
北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所
3.
内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区科技计划项目 2020GG0022

详细信息

作者简介:
杨田(1989-)，女，呼和浩特市人，硕士，副主任医师，主要研究方向为学生常见病监测与干预、青少年健康促进

通讯作者:
张秀红，E-mail: jsfkkp@163.com

范耀春，E-mail: fyc840815@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R723.14 R711.51 R339.3⁺5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-15
- 修回日期: 2024-01-29
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-25

Correlation between age of menarche/first spermatozoa and obesity in urban and rural primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia

1.
Institute of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hotpot (010000), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解2021年内蒙古自治区城乡中小学生青春期发育情况，为进一步明确青春期启动提前的健康危害提供线索。方法于2021年10—11月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取内蒙古12盟市中小学生为研究对象，共纳入出现月经初潮女生21 662名，出现首次遗精男生10 600名；未出现月经初潮女生46 183名，未出现首次遗精男生78 995名。调查时对中小学生身高、体重进行测量，记录首次遗精或月经初潮时间，采用Mann-Whitney U检验分析城乡学生间的差异，Spearman秩相关分析超重肥胖与青春期启动年龄的相关性，Logistic回归模型分析青春期启动的相关因素。结果城区女生的月经初潮年龄[(12.31±1.29)岁]早于郊县女生[(12.43±1.24)岁]，城区男生首次遗精年龄[(13.85±1.20)岁]早于郊县男生[(13.79±1.36)岁]，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为12.76，10.58，P值均<0.05)。10~14岁女生月经初潮年龄与超重肥胖存在负相关(r=-0.169，P<0.05)，5~9，10~14，15~20岁男生首次遗精年龄与超重肥胖相关性均无统计学意义(r值分别为0.122，-0.022，-0.004，P值均 > 0.05)。超重女生发生月经初潮是正常群体的1.06倍(95%CI=1.01~1.11)，肥胖女生是正常群体的1.13倍(95%CI=1.06~1.20)；相较于城区，郊县中小学生更晚观察到青春期启动[月经初潮OR=0.88(95%CI=0.85~0.91)，首次遗精OR=0.94(95%CI=0.89~0.99)](P值均<0.05)。结论内蒙古中小学女生儿童青少年时期肥胖与较早出现青春期启动有关，郊县中小学生较城区更晚出现青春期启动。
- 月经初潮 /
- 遗精 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To understand the pubertal development of primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021, so as to provide clues for further clarification of the health hazards of early pubertal initiation. Methods From October to November 2021, primary and secondary school students in 12 provinces and cities of Inner Mongolia were selected by stratified cluster random sampling, including 21 662 girls who had reached menarche and 10 600 boys who had their first seminal emission, as well as 46 183 girls who had not reached menarche and 78 995 boys who had not experienced their first seminal emission. The height and weight of the primary and secondary school students were measured, and the time of first seminal emission or menarche was recorded. The study used the Mann-Whitney U test to analyze the differences between urban and rural students, Spearman's rank correlation to analyze the correlation between overweight and obesity and the age of pubertal initiation, and the Logistic regression model to analyze the correlation between pubertal initiation and age of pubertal initiation. Results The age of menarche for urban girls [(12.31±1.29) years old] was earlier than that of suburban girls [(12.43±1.24) years old], and the age of first spermatozoa for urban boys [(13.85±1.20) years old] was statistically significant compared with that of suburban boys [(13.79±1.36) years old] (t=12.76, 10.58, P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the age of menarche and overweight/obesity among girls aged 10-14 years (r=-0.169, P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant correlation between the age of spermarche and overweight/obesity in boys aged 5-9, 10-14, and 15-20 years (r=0.122, -0.022, -0.004, P > 0.05). The occurrence of menarche in overweight girls was 1.06(95%CI=1.01-1.11) times higher than that in the normal group, and 1.13(95%CI=1.06-1.20) times higher among obese girls than normal-weight girls. Compared to urban areas, primary and secondary school students in suburban counties observed the onset of puberty later [OR=0.88(95%CI=0.85-0.91) for menarche, OR=0.94(95%CI=0.89-0.99) for first spermatozoa] (P<0.05). Conclusions Obesity during childhood and adolescence is associated with earlier onset of puberty among female students in Inner Mongolia, and later onset of puberty among primary and secondary school students in suburban counties compared with those in urban areas.
- Menarche /
- Nocturnal emission /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Minority groups
注释:

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表 1 内蒙古城郊区域是否出现首次遗精男生各年龄段BMI比较[M(IQR)，kg/m²]

Table 1. Comparison of BMI between boys presenting and not presenting first spermatorrhea by age in city and suburban areas of Inner Mongolia [M(IQR), kg/m²]

监测点	首次遗精	统计值	5~9岁	10~14岁	15~20岁	合计
城区	出现		-	21.60(6.94)	22.11(7.39)	21.85(7.00)
	未出现		17.44(4.89)	20.64(6.72)	22.28(7.25)	18.49(6.34)
		Z值	-1.46	-2.33	-1.80	-2.56
		P值	0.14	0.03	0.07	0.02
郊县	出现		22.71(7.69)	20.81(6.17)	21.28(5.97)	20.72(6.13)
	未出现		17.11(4.53)	19.89(6.31)	21.15(5.56)	18.70(5.86)
		Z值	-3.60	-1.96	-2.43	-2.68
		P值	0.01	0.06	0.02	0.01

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表 2 内蒙古城郊区域是否出现月经初潮女生各年龄段BMI比较[M(IQR)，kg/m²]

Table 2. Comparison of BMI between girls of all ages presenting and not presenting menarche in suburban regions of Inner Mongolia [M(IQR), kg/m²]

监测点	月经初潮	统计值	5~9岁	10~14岁	15~20岁	合计
城区	出现		20.80(5.18)	20.52(4.96)	21.93(4.43)	20.75(4.90)
	未出现		16.58(3.72)	18.49(4.93)	21.40(3.44)	17.04(4.27)
		Z值	-2.43	-2.58	-2.20	-2.08
		P值	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03
郊县	出现		20.45(5.60)	20.47(4.77)	20.60(4.06)	20.51(5.10)
	未出现		16.42(3.54)	18.17(3.72)	21.21(4.77)	17.14(4.08)
		Z值	-2.43	-2.46	-2.16	-2.33
		P值	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03

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表 3 内蒙古中小学生青春期启动的Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Univariate Logistic regression analysis of puberty initiation phase of primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia [OR(95%CI)]

自变量	选项	单因素		多因素
自变量	选项	月经初潮(n=67 845)	首次遗精(n=89 595)	月经初潮(n=67 845)	首次遗精(n=89 595)
年龄		3.69(3.61~3.76)	2.21(2.18~2.24)	3.33(3.26~3.41)	2.13(2.16~2.17)
BMI分类	非超重肥胖组	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	超重	1.18(1.13~1.24)	0.96(0.91~0.99)	1.06(1.01~1.11)	0.79(0.72~0.86)
	肥胖	1.38(1.34~1.44)	0.76(0.69~0.76)	1.13(1.06~1.20)	0.58(0.50~0.67)
城郊	城区	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	郊县	0.41(0.40~0.43)	0.86(0.82~0.90)	0.88(0.83~0.94)	0.94(0.89~0.99)
注：P值均<0.05。

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