大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的纵向关联

朱冬青; 陶舒曼; 谢阳; 万宇辉; 伍晓艳; 邹立巍; 陶芳标

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024120

大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的纵向关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024120

朱冬青¹,
陶舒曼^{2, 3, ,},
谢阳¹,
万宇辉^{1, 3},
伍晓艳^{1, 3},
邹立巍³,
陶芳标^{1, 3, 4}

1.
安徽医科大学儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系，合肥 230032
2.
安徽医科大学第二附属医院眼科
3.
出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/环境与人口健康安徽省重点实验室
4.
合肥综合性国家科学中心大健康研究院健康大数据与群体医学研究所

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82073578

国家自然科学基金项目 82304169

详细信息

作者简介:
朱冬青(2000-)，女，江苏徐州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康

通讯作者:
陶舒曼，E-mail：shumantao@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 B844.2 TN916.9 C913.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-07
- 修回日期: 2024-03-12
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-25

Longitudinal associations between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms in college students

ZHU Dongqing¹,
TAO Shuman^{2, 3
, ,},
XIE Yang¹,
WAN Yuhui^{1, 3},
WU Xiaoyan^{1, 3},
ZOU Liwei³,
TAO Fangbiao^{1, 3, 4}

1.
Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei (230032), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状间的纵向关联性，为促进大学生心理健康发展提供循证依据。方法于2021年10—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，在太原市、重庆市和深圳市各招募1所高校的大学生进行基线调查，并于2022年5月开展随访调查，与基线调查匹配后有效人数为967名。使用青少年手机多任务行为评定问卷和患者健康问卷-9项分别评估大学生手机多任务行为和抑郁症状。采用χ²检验比较不同人口统计学特征大学生抑郁症状的差异，采用二元Logistic回归模型分析大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的关联性。结果大学生基线和随访抑郁症状检出率分别为35.2%和42.3%。以基线手机多任务指数低水平组为参照，基线手机多任务指数中等水平组和高水平组与基线抑郁症状(中等水平组：OR=1.74，95%CI=1.22~2.50；高水平组：OR=2.77，95%CI=1.94~3.95)及随访期抑郁症状(中等水平组：OR=1.41，95%CI=1.01~1.95；高水平组：OR=1.64，95%CI=1.17~2.29)均呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。与手机多任务指数持续低水平组相比，手机多任务指数保持中高水平(OR=2.94，95%CI=1.83~4.71)、增加(OR=2.07，95%CI=1.31~3.27)或减少(OR=2.02，95%CI=1.27~3.19)均会增加随访期抑郁症状的发生风险；大学生手机多任务指数增加与新发抑郁症状发生风险呈正相关(OR=1.87，95%CI=1.07~3.27)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的发生风险增加有关。应减少大学生手机多任务行为，降低抑郁症状的发生，促进大学生心理健康。
- 便携式电话 /
- 多媒体 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the longitudinal correlation between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms, so as to provide an evidence-based basis for promoting the mental health of college students. Methods A total of 967 college students were recruited from one university in Taiyuan, Chongqing, and Shenzhen cities, China, by using multi-stage randomized cluster sampling from October to December 2021 at baseline, and a follow-up survey was conducted in May 2022. Smartphone multitasking behaviors were assessed by means of the Assessment of Smartphone Multitasking for Adolescents (ASMA), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) among college students. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the differences in depressive symptoms between different groups of demographic characteristics, and binary Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the associations between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms among college students. Results The rates of depressive symptoms among college students at baseline and follow-up were 35.2% and 42.3%, respectively. Compared to the low level smartphone multitasking index group at baseline, the moderate and high level groups were more likely to experience depressive symptoms at baseline (moderate level group: OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.22-2.50, high level group: OR=2.77, 95%CI=1.94-3.95) and follow-up (moderate level group: OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.01-1.95, high level group: OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.17-2.29) (P < 0.05). In addition, compared to the persistently low smartphone multitasking index, increased risk of depressive symptoms was associated with maintaining a moderate-to-high (OR=2.94, 95%CI=1.83-4.71), and a higher (OR=2.07, 95%CI=1.31-3.27) or lower smartphone multitasking index (OR=2.02, 95%CI=1.27-3.19) (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher smartphone multitasking index scores were positively associated with the risk of new-onset depressive symptoms at follow-up (OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.07-3.27, P < 0.05). Conclusions Smartphone multitasking behaviors are find to be associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in college students. There is a need to reduce smartphone multitasking in order to decrease depressive symptoms and promote students' mental health.
- Cellular phone /
- Multimedia /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同人口统计学特征大学生基线和随访时抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the rates of depressive symptoms in college students with different demographic characteristics at baseline and follow-up

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	基线			随访
人口统计学指标	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	331	104(31.4)	3.09	0.08	127(38.4)	3.18	0.08
	女	636	236(37.1)			282(44.3)
家庭居住地	农村	383	141(36.8)	1.99	0.37	167(43.6)	2.62	0.27
	乡镇	148	56(37.8)			69(46.6)
	城市	436	143(32.8)			173(39.7)
自评家庭经济状况	较差	288	130(45.1)	17.96	< 0.01	138(47.9)	6.87	0.03
	中等	601	185(30.8)			245(40.8)
	较好	78	25(32.1)			26(33.3)
独生子女	是	211	70(33.2)	0.34	0.57	81(38.4)	1.69	0.19
	否	756	270(35.7)			328(43.4)
父亲文化程度	小学及以下	181	77(42.5)	5.32	0.07	84(46.4)	5.65	0.06
	初中	370	124(33.5)			167(45.1)
	高中及以上	416	139(33.4)			158(38.0)
母亲文化程度	小学及以下	297	118(39.7)	5.63	0.06	136(45.8)	6.13	0.05
	初中	359	127(35.4)			159(44.3)
	高中及以上	311	95(30.5)			114(36.7)
最近1个月是否吸烟	是	35	15(42.9)	0.94	0.33	14(40.0)	0.08	0.78
	否	932	325(34.9)			395(42.4)
最近1个月是否饮酒	是	125	62(49.6)	13.13	< 0.01	64(51.2)	4.66	0.03
	否	842	278(33.0)			345(41.0)
最近1年是否有自杀意念	是	96	64(66.7)	46.41	< 0.01	62(64.6)	21.69	< 0.01
	否	871	276(31.7)			347(39.8)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 基线大学生手机多任务行为与随访及新发抑郁症状的关联

Table 2. Associations of smartphone multitasking behavior at baseline with the prevalence and incidence of depressive symptoms at follow-up in college students

手机多任务指数水平组	人数	随访抑郁症状			新发抑郁症状
手机多任务指数水平组	人数	检出人数	调整前OR值(95%CI)	调整后OR值(95%CI)	检出人数	调整前OR值(95%CI)	调整后OR值(95%CI)
低	322	111	1.00	1.00	64	1.00	1.00
中	321	138	1.43(1.04~1.97)^*	1.41(1.01~1.95)^*	68	1.08(0.74~1.59)	1.04(0.71~1.54)
高	324	160	1.85(1.35~2.55)^**	1.64(1.17~2.29)^**	55	0.82(0.55~1.23)	0.76(0.50~1.15)
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01；调整性别、自评家庭经济状况、父母文化程度、吸烟、饮酒、自杀意念和随访手机多任务指数。

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表 3 大学生手机多任务指数变化与随访及新发抑郁症状的关联

Table 3. Associations of changes in smartphone multitasking index with the prevalence and incidence of depressive symptoms at follow-up in college students

手机多任务指数变化	人数	随访抑郁症状			新发抑郁症状
手机多任务指数变化	人数	检出人数	调整前OR值(95%CI)	调整后OR值(95%CI)	检出人数	调整前OR值(95%CI)	调整后OR值(95%CI)
保持低水平	104	36	1.00	1.00	19	1.00	1.00
保持中高水平	301	124	3.12(1.97~4.92)^*	2.94(1.83~4.71)^*	49	1.64(0.92~2.92)	1.51(0.84~2.72)
增加	301	125	2.11(1.36~3.29)^*	2.07(1.31~3.27)^*	70	1.97(1.14~3.43)^**	1.87(1.07~3.27)^**
减少	261	124	2.13(1.37~3.33)^*	2.02(1.27~3.19)^*	49	1.28(0.72~2.28)	1.18(0.66~2.11)
注： * P < 0.01，**P < 0.05；调整性别、自评家庭经济状况、父母文化程度、吸烟、饮酒和自杀意念。

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