循环训练对肥胖青少年代谢综合征的影响

陈文锋; 梁松尚; 唐敏强

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024115

循环训练对肥胖青少年代谢综合征的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024115

1.
广东环境保护工程职业学院体育工作部，佛山 528216
2.
广东轻工职业技术学院体育工作部

基金项目:

2023年度广东省教育科学规划课题项目 2023GXJK692

详细信息

作者简介:
陈文锋(1983-)，男，广东梅州人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为足球教学与体育健康训练

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 R723.14 R589
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-07
- 修回日期: 2024-01-10
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-25

Effect of cyclic training on metabolic syndrome among obese adolescents

1.
Sports Work Department, Guangdong Polytechnic of Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan(528216), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究循环训练对肥胖青少年代谢综合征的影响，为肥胖青少年人群减轻身体负担、维持身体健康提供参考。方法于2021年6月1日至9月1日招募佛山市42名10~17岁肥胖青少年，随机将测试者分为训练组(24名)与对照组(18名)。训练组执行为期12周(每周4次)的训练计划，包括抗阻训练(俯卧撑、仰卧起坐、弓箭步)、有氧运动(高抬腿、原地跑、开合跳)两项6个动作，每个动作持续25 s，间歇15 s，完成4组；对照组保持日常生活习惯。采用t检验和χ²检验对数据进行统计学分析。结果训练组干预后的体重、体质量指数(BMI)、体脂百分比与脂肪量[(72.3±1.8)kg，(26.4±2.0)kg/m²，(31.9±2.3)%，(17.5±2.8)kg]均低于干预前[(73.8±2.1)kg，(30.3±1.8)kg/m²，(34.4±2.5)%，(20.0±3.3)kg]，肌肉质量、体力指数[(32.4±1.1)kg，(67.3±5.3)%]均高于干预前[(31.5±1.5)kg，(63.1±6.9)%](t值分别为-2.75，-7.10，-3.61，-2.83；2.37，2.36，P值均 < 0.05)。训练组干预后的血糖、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、腰围和臀围[(4.6±0.5)mmol/L，(8.2±0.4)mmol/L，(2.8±1.2)mmol/L，(73.5±4.2)cm，(93.2±5.8)cm]均低于干预前[(4.9±0.4)mmol/L，(8.7±0.8)mmol/L，(3.9±1.1)mmol/L，(77.8±3.9)cm，(99.5±5.1)cm]，干预后高密度脂蛋白胆固醇高于干预前[(3.2±0.3)mmol/L, (2.9±0.8)mmol/L](t值分别为-2.30，-2.74，-3.31，-3.68，-4.00，2.29，P值均 < 0.05)。组间比较，干预前各指标参数的组间差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)；干预后训练组除肌肉质量、体力指数和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均高于对照组外，其他指标均低于对照组(P值均 < 0.05)。结论 12周循环训练方法有助于预防肥胖青少年代谢综合征疾病；可适当增加循环训练运动干预方式，降低肥胖青少年代谢综合征的发生。
- 体育和训练 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 代谢综合征X /
- 干预性研究 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of cyclic training on metabolic syndrome among obese adolescents, so as to provide a reference for reducing physical burden and maintaining physical health for the obese adolescent population. Methods The study selected 42 obese adolescents aged 10-17 from Foshan City from June 1 to September 1, 2021. The subjects were randomly divided into a training group (n=24) and a control group (n=18). The training group implemented a 12-week training plan (4 times weekly), including two major events and six movements, namely resistance training (push ups, sit ups, forward lunge) and aerobic exercise (high leg lifts, stationary runs, jumping jack), and each action lasted for 25 seconds with a 15 second interval, completing 4 groups. The control group maintained daily living habits.The t-test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results After intervention, the weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and fat mass of the training group [(72.3±1.8)kg, (26.4±2.0)kg/m², (31.9±2.3)%, (17.5±2.8)kg] were all lower than before intervention [(73.8±2.1)kg, (30.3±1.8)kg/m², (34.4±2.5)%, (20.0±3.3)kg], and the muscle mass and physical fitness index of the training group [(32.4±1.1)kg, (67.3±5.3)%] were higher than before intervention [(31.5±1.5)kg, (63.1±6.9)%] (t=-2.75, -7.10, -3.61, -2.83, 2.37, 2.36, P < 0.05). After intervention, the blood glucose, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, waist circumference and hip circumference of the training group [(4.6±0.5)mmol/L, (8.2±0.4)mmol/L, (2.8±1.2)mmol/L, (73.5±4.2)cm, (93.2±5.8)cm] were all lower than those before intervention [(4.9±0.4)mmol/L, (8.7±0.8)mmol/L, (3.9±1.1)mmol/L, (77.8±3.9)cm, (99.5±5.1)cm], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher than that before intervention[(3.2±0.3)mmol/L, (2.9±0.8)mmol/L](t=-2.30, -2.74, -3.31, -3.68, -4.00, 2.29, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant differences between groups in the parameters of each indicator before intervention (P>0.05), while all indicators in the training group were lower than those in the control group except for muscle mass, physical fitness index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which were higher than those in the control group after intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusions The cyclic training method for 12 weeks is helpful to prevent the metabolic syndrome disease in obese adolescents.It is possible to appropriately increase the intervention methods of cyclic training to reduce the occurrence of metabolic syndrome among obese adolescents.
- Physical education and training /
- Obesity /
- Metabolic syndrome X /
- Intervention studies /
- Adolescent
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表 1 训练组与对照组干预前后身体成分与心肺功能比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of body composition and cardiopulmonary function between training group and control group before and after intervention(x±s)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	体重/kg	BMI/(kg·m^-2)	体脂百分比/%	脂肪量/kg	肌肉质量/kg	体力指数/%
训练组	干预前	24		73.8±2.1	30.3±1.8	34.4±2.5	20.0±3.3	31.5±1.5	63.1±6.9
	干预后	24		72.3±1.8^*	26.4±2.0^*	31.9±2.3^*	17.5±2.8^*	32.4±1.1^*	67.3±5.3^*
			t值	2.75	7.10	3.61	2.83	-2.37	-2.36
			P值	0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02
对照组	干预前	18		73.9±8.1	29.1±1.4	32.3±3.5	18.9±4.3	30.1±5.7	61.9±5.7
	干预后	18		75.8±10.5	29.4±1.1	32.4±3.4	19.3±4.8	31.8±6.0	60.3±5.9
			t值	-0.61	-0.71	-0.09	-0.26	-0.87	0.83
			P值	0.55	0.48	0.93	0.79	0.39	0.41
注： * 与干预后对照组相比，P < 0.05。

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表 2 干预前后训练组与对照组代谢指标比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of metabolic indexes between training group and control group before and after intervention(x±s)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	血糖/ (mmol·L^-1)	胆固醇/ (mmol·L^-1)	高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/ (mmol·L^-1)	低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/ (mmol·L^-1)	腰围/cm	臀围/cm
训练组	干预前	24		4.9±0.4	8.7±0.8	2.9±0.8	3.9±1.1	77.8±3.9	99.5±5.1
	干预后	24		4.6±0.5^*	8.2±0.4^*	3.2±0.3^*	2.8±1.2^*	73.5±4.2^*	93.2±5.8^*
			t值	2.30	2.74	2.29	3.31	3.68	4.00
			P值	0.03	0.01	0.03	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
对照组	干预前	18		4.7±1.4	8.7±1.1	2.7±0.6	4.0±0.9	78.4±3.5	97.9±4.9
	干预后	18		4.8±1.3	8.5±1.2	2.6±0.4	4.1±1.1	79.1±4.8	95.9±5.7
			t值	-0.22	0.52	0.59	-0.30	0.50	1.13
			P值	0.83	0.61	0.56	0.77	0.62	0.27
注： * 与干预后对照组相比，P < 0.05。

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