大连市2018—2020年学生肢体暴力伤害监测病例特征分析

周毅恒; 张瑜; 林红

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024108

大连市2018—2020年学生肢体暴力伤害监测病例特征分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024108

辽宁省大连市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制科，116037

基金项目:

大连市医学科学研究计划项目 1722013

详细信息

作者简介:
周毅恒(1981-)，男，辽宁大连人，硕士，主任医师，主要从事慢性病防控方面工作

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 B845.67 R181.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-26
- 修回日期: 2023-12-26
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-25

Analysis of case characteristics of physical assault injuries surveillance among students in Dalian, 2018-2020

Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control Department, Dalian (116037), Liaoning Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解大连市学生肢体暴力伤害流行特征，为制定学生群体肢体暴力伤害防控策略提供依据。方法分析2018—2022年大连市医院伤害监测系统收集的学生肢体暴力伤害数据，采用描述性流行病学方法分析其特征并计算构成比，采用χ²检验进行组间比较。结果共报告在校生肢体暴力伤害病例1 413例，男女性别比为4.12∶1。各年度在校学生肢体暴力伤害报告数由2018年的414例下降到2022年的209例；高中/中专阶段病例占比最高(40.13%)；各月份均有伤害发生，6，10和11月报告病例最多，共占33.97%；伤害原因主要为钝器伤和跌倒/坠落，分别占70.06%和23.35%，其中男生钝器伤占比(71.24%)高于女生(65.22%)，差异有统计学意义(χ²=3.84，P < 0.05)；伤害发生时的活动以休闲活动为主，占75.58%；伤害发生地点主要集中在学校和公路/街道，分别占51.52%和23.35%；伤害性质主要为挫伤/擦伤和锐器开放伤，分别占67.16%和22.29%；伤害部位主要集中在头部，占59.52%；伤害严重程度以轻度和中度为主，分别占72.26%和27.60%。结论学校是学生肢体暴力伤害主要发生地点，男生和中学生是重点防控人群。应开展有针对性的干预措施，有效降低学生肢体暴力伤害的发生。
- 暴力 /
- 创伤和损伤 /
- 人群监测 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of physical assault injuries among students in Dalian, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of physical assault injuries among students. Methods Data of student physical assault injuries came from the Dalian Hospital Injury Monitoring System from 2018 to 2022, descriptive epidemiological methods and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 1 413 cases of physical assault injuries among students were reported, and the sex ratio between male and female was 4.12∶1. The number of reported physical assault injuries dropped from 414 cases in 2018 to 209 cases in 2022. The group of senior middle school/secondary vocational school had the highest proportion of cases (40.13%). Injuries occurred in all months, with the highest number of reported cases in June, October, and November, accounting for 33.97%. The main causes of injuries were blunt instrument injuries and falls, accounting for 70.06% and 23.35% respectively. The proportion of male (71.24%) was significantly higher than female (65.22%) in blunt instrument injuries (χ²=3.84, P < 0.05). Nearly 75.58% of injuries occurred during leisure time. The main locations of injuries took place in schools and roads, accounting for 51.52% and 23.35% respectively. Contusions and sharp instrument injuries were one of the most common types of injuries, accounting for 67.16% and 22.29% respectively. The main area of injury was concentrated in the head, accounting for 59.52%. Most of injuries were mild and moderate, accounting for 72.26% and 27.60%, respectively. Conclusions Schools are the main location for physical assault injuries among students, with boys and middle school students being the most vulnerable populations. Targeted intervention measures should be implemented to effectively reduce the occurrence of physical assault injuries among students.
- Violence /
- Wounds and injuries /
- Population surveillance /
- Students
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表 1 大连市2018—2022年学生肢体暴力伤害病例性别和学段分布

Table 1. Distribution of physical assault injuries among students in different genders and academic stages in Dalian from 2018 to 2022

年份	人数	性别		学段
年份	人数	男	女	小学	初中	高中/中专	大学及以上
2018	414	343(82.85)	71(17.15)	44(10.63)	55(13.29)	207(50.00)	108(26.09)
2019	385	320(83.12)	65(16.88)	84(21.82)	63(16.36)	135(35.06)	103(26.75)
2020	175	146(83.43)	29(16.57)	29(16.57)	33(18.86)	65(37.14)	48(27.43)
2021	230	174(75.65)	56(24.35)	52(22.61)	51(22.17)	78(33.91)	49(21.30)
2022	209	154(73.68)	55(26.32)	38(18.18)	61(29.19)	82(39.23)	28(13.40)
合计	1 413	1 137(80.47)	276(19.53)	247(17.48)	263(18.61)	567(40.13)	336(23.78)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 大连市2018—2022年不同性别学生肢体暴力伤害月份分布

Table 2. Months distribution of student physical assault injuries in different genders in Dalian from 2018 to 2022

性别	人数	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月
男	1 137	55(4.84)	20(1.76)	127(11.17)	93(8.18)	110(9.67)	125(10.99)	94(8.27)	72(6.33)	86(7.56)	138(12.14)	129(11.35)	88(7.74)
女	276	13(4.71)	11(3.99)	25(9.06)	23(8.33)	26(9.42)	31(11.23)	27(9.78)	17(6.16)	25(9.06)	32(11.59)	25(9.06)	21(7.61)
合计	1 413	68(4.81)	31(2.19)	152(10.76)	116(8.21)	136(9.62)	156(11.04)	121(8.56)	89(6.30)	111(7.86)	170(12.03)	154(10.90)	109(7.71)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 3 大连市2018—2022年不同性别学生肢体暴力伤害原因分布

Table 3. Causes distribution of student physical assault injuries in different genders in Dalian from 2018 to 2022

性别	人数	钝器伤	跌倒/坠落	刀/锐器伤	其他
男	1 137	810(71.24)	263(23.13)	44(3.87)	20(1.76)
女	276	180(65.22)	67(24.28)	11(3.99)	18(6.52)
合计	1 413	990(70.06)	330(23.35)	55(3.89)	38(2.69)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 4 大连市2018—2022年不同性别学生肢体暴力伤害发生时活动分布

Table 4. Activities distribution of student physical assault injuries in different genders in Dalian from 2018 to 2022

性别	人数	学习	体育活动	休闲活动	步行	其他
男	1 137	56(4.93)	69(6.07)	843(74.14)	89(7.83)	80(7.04)
女	276	9(3.26)	6(2.17)	225(81.52)	14(5.07)	22(7.97)
合计	1 413	65(4.60)	75(5.31)	1 068(75.58)	103(7.29)	102(7.22)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 5 大连市2018—2022年不同性别和学段学生肢体暴力伤害发生地点分布

Table 5. Locations distribution of student physical assault injuries in different genders and academic stages in Dalian from 2018 to 2022

性别与学段		人数	学校	公路/街道	公共居住场所	家中	服务场所	运动场所	其他
性别	男	1 137	604(53.12)	261(22.96)	111(9.76)	77(6.77)	49(4.31)	31(2.73)	4(0.35)
	女	276	124(44.93)	69(25.00)	22(7.97)	42(15.22)	12(4.35)	6(2.17)	1(0.36)
学段	小学	247	148(59.92)	54(21.86)	10(4.05)	29(11.74)	4(1.62)	2(0.81)	0
	初中	263	138(52.47)	72(27.38)	12(4.56)	29(11.03)	6(2.28)	4(1.52)	2(0.76)
	高中/中专	567	277(48.85)	135(23.81)	70(12.35)	41(7.23)	26(4.59)	16(2.82)	2(0.35)
	大学及以上	336	165(49.11)	69(20.54)	41(12.20)	20(5.95)	25(7.44)	15(4.46)	1(0.30)
合计		1 413	728(51.52)	330(23.35)	133(9.41)	119(8.42)	61(4.32)	37(2.62)	5(0.35)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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