中学生遭受校园欺凌相关因素分析

马彩霞; 杨田; 张秀红; 高昇; 马鑫悦

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024103

中学生遭受校园欺凌相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024103

马彩霞^{1, 2},
杨田^2, ,,
张秀红²,
高昇^2, ,,
马鑫悦¹

1.
内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院，呼和浩特 010059
2.
内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区科技计划项目 2020GG0022

详细信息

作者简介:
马彩霞(1996-)，女，山西省忻州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生

通讯作者:
杨田，E-mail: 490206259@qq.com

高昇，E-mail: gaosh8899@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G478 G444 C913.5 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-22
- 修回日期: 2024-02-28
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-25

Analysis of related factors associated with campus bullying among middle and high school students

MA Caixia^{1, 2},
YANG Tian^{2
, ,},
ZHANG Xiuhong²,
GAO Sheng^{2
, ,},
MA Xinyue¹

1.
School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot (010059), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的对中学生遭受校园欺凌的影响因素进行分析，构建列线图模型预测遭受校园欺凌的风险，为防控中学生遭受校园欺凌提供理论依据。方法于2023年9月，在内蒙古地区12个盟市(103个旗县)范围内通过分层整群随机抽样方法抽取89 117名中学生进行自填问卷调查，其中训练集62 381名，测试集26 736名。采用χ²检验和多元Logistic回归进行统计学分析并绘制列线图进行校园欺凌预测。结果中学生校园欺凌的报告率为3.49%。生活在郊县、处于非稳定家庭、非独生子女、父亲学历大学及以上、有时吃或从不吃早餐、超重肥胖、住校、过去30 d被家长打骂、吸烟、网络成瘾、有抑郁症状、有焦虑症状、为了高兴使用可溶性溶剂、除咳嗽外使用止咳剂、无医生许可使用镇静剂与中学生遭受校园欺凌均呈正相关(OR值分别为1.18，1.40，1.12，1.33，1.13，1.72，1.12，1.17，1.82，1.32，1.83，3.92，2.40，2.25，1.51，1.63)，高中生、女生、每周体育课节数(2~3，≥4)与中学生遭受校园欺凌均呈负相关(OR值分别为0.67，0.58，0.72，0.83)(P值均 < 0.01)。基于以上影响因素建立校园欺凌风险列线图的预测模型，曲线下面积(AUC)为0.82，校准曲线显示预测值与实际值接近。结论中学生遭受校园欺凌与家庭亲密度、不良日常行为、心理因素等有关。应有效识别校园欺凌干预对象，制定中学生遭受校园欺凌的防控策略，降低校园欺凌的发生。
- 暴力 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyse associated factors of campus bullying in schools, and to construct a nomogram model to predict the risk of campus bullying, so as to provide a theoretical basis for campus bullying prevention and control. Methods In September 2023, 89 117 middle and high school students were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method within 12 cities (103 counties) in Inner Mongolia, and were surveyed with self-administered questionnaire. Among them, there were 62 381 participants in the training set and 26 736 participants in the testing set. Statistical analysis was conducted using χ² test and multiple Logistic regression, and a nomogram model was drawn for predicting campus bullying. Results The prevalence of campus bullying was 3.49%. Living in a suburban county, living in an unstable family, not the only child, having a father with a college degree or above, sometimes or never eating breakfast, being overweight or obese, living on campus, being scolded by parents in the past 30 days, smoking, Internet addiction, experiencing depression, anxiety symptoms, recreational soluble solvents use, cough medicine abuse, nonprescribed use of sedatives were all positively correlated with campus bullying (OR=1.18, 1.40, 1.12, 1.33, 1.13, 1.72, 1.12, 1.17, 1.82, 1.32, 1.83, 3.92, 2.40, 2.25, 1.51, 1.63, P < 0.01).There were a negative correlation between high school students, female students, and the number of physical education classes per week (2-3, ≥4) with campus bullying (OR=0.67, 0.58, 0.72, 0.83, P < 0.01). The prediction model of campus bullying risk was established by nomogram model. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.82, and the calibration curve showed that the predicted value was close to the actual value. Conclusions Bullying among middle and high school students are related to family intimacy, poor daily behaviour and psychological factors. Targets of bullying intervention in schools should be identified, and preventive and control measures against bullying in secondary schools should be formulated, so as to reduce the occurrence of campus bullying.
- Violence /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 中学生遭受校园欺凌风险列线图预测模型

注：父亲学历为1=初中及以下，2=高中，3=大学及以上。

Figure 1. A line graph predictive model of risk of campus bullying among middle and high school students

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 列线图模型预测中学生遭受校园欺凌风险的校准曲线

Figure 2. Calibration curves for a column-line graph model predicting risk of campus bullying among middle and high school students

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同组别内蒙古中学生遭受校园欺凌报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of reporting rates of campus bullying among middle and high school students in Inner Mongolia

组别	选项	人数	遭受校园欺凌人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	43 884	1 841(4.20)	128.17	< 0.01
	女	45 233	1 268(2.80)
城乡	城市	28 050	842(3.00)	28.82	< 0.01
	郊县	61 067	2 267(3.71)
学段	初中	53 755	2 059(3.83)	46.97	< 0.01
	高中	35 362	1 050(2.97)
家庭类型	稳定	66 264	2 031(3.07)	137.75	< 0.01
	非稳定	22 853	1 078(4.72)
是否独生子女	是	36 114	1 197(3.31)	5.47	0.02
	否	53 003	1 912(3.61)
母亲学历	初中及以下	56 357	1 988(3.53)	9.42	< 0.01
	高中	25 063	816(3.26)
	大学及以上	7 697	305(3.96)
父亲学历	初中及以下	54 756	1 942(3.55)	33.84	< 0.01
	高中	26 933	835(3.10)
	大学及以上	7 428	332(4.47)
早餐情况	每天吃	59 725	1 609(2.69)	606.38	< 0.01
	有时吃	24 828	1 081(4.35)
	从不吃	4 564	419(9.18)
超重肥胖	否	57 039	1 897(3.33)	12.49	< 0.01
	是	32 078	1 212(3.78)
是否住校	否	55 973	1 803(3.22)	31.98	< 0.01
	是	33 144	1 306(3.94)
每周中高强度运动	0~2	37 157	1 324(3.56)	15.93	< 0.01
天数	3~4	21 496	659(3.07)
	5~7	30 464	1 126(3.70)
每周体育课节数/节	0~1	11 986	623(5.20)	150.84	< 0.01
	2~3	57 317	1 724(3.01)
	≥4	19 814	762(3.85)
过去30 d被家长打骂	否	75 418	1 953(2.59)	1 177.96	< 0.01
	是	13 699	1 156(8.44)
是否吸烟	否	80 351	2 384(2.97)	660.29	< 0.01
	是	8 766	725(8.27)
是否饮酒	否	70 454	1 957(2.78)	505.07	< 0.01
	是	18 663	1 152(6.17)
网络成瘾	否	86 971	2 799(3.22)	784.05	< 0.01
	是	2 146	310(14.45)
抑郁症状	否	69 624	1 125(1.62)	3 315.95	< 0.01
	是	19 493	1 984(10.18)
焦虑症状	否	83 474	2 150(2.58)	3 263.80	< 0.01
	是	5 643	959(16.99)
为了高兴使用可溶性溶剂	否	87 742	2 872(3.27)	783.93	< 0.01
	是	1 375	237(17.24)
除咳嗽外使用止咳剂	否	81 735	2 489(3.05)	576.34	< 0.01
	是	7 382	620(8.40)
无医生许可使用镇静剂	否	87 530	2 822(3.22)	1 022.34	< 0.01
	是	1 587	287(18.08)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 内蒙古中学生遭受校园欺凌多因素Logistic回归分析(n=89 117)

Table 2. Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis of campus bullying among middle and high school students in Inner Mongolia(n=89 117)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
性别	男					1.00
	女	-0.54	0.04	182.44	< 0.01	0.58(0.54~0.63)
城乡	城市					1.00
	郊县	0.16	0.05	13.02	< 0.01	1.18(1.08~1.28)
学段	初中					1.00
	高中	-0.40	0.05	76.41	< 0.01	0.67(0.61~0.73)
家庭类型	稳定					1.00
	非稳定	0.34	0.04	62.83	< 0.01	1.40(1.29~1.52)
是否独生子女	是					1.00
	否	0.11	0.04	7.28	< 0.01	1.12(1.03~1.21)
父亲学历	初中及以下					1.00
	高中	-0.01	0.05	0.08	0.77	0.99(0.90~1.08)
	大学及以上	0.29	0.07	18.3	< 0.01	1.33(1.17~1.52)
早餐情况	每天吃					1.00
	有时吃	0.12	0.04	7.74	< 0.01	1.13(1.04~1.22)
	从不吃	0.54	0.06	71.88	< 0.01	1.72(1.52~1.95)
超重肥胖	否					1.00
	是	0.12	0.04	8.48	< 0.01	1.12(1.04~1.21)
是否住校	否					1.00
	是	0.16	0.04	14.80	< 0.01	1.17(1.08~1.27)
每周体育课节数/节	0~1					1.00
	2~3	-0.32	0.05	39.04	< 0.01	0.72(0.66~0.80)
	≥4	-0.19	0.06	8.90	< 0.01	0.83(0.73~0.94)
过去30 d被家长打骂	否					1.00
	是	0.60	0.04	194.55	< 0.01	1.82(1.67~1.98)
是否吸烟	否					1.00
	是	0.28	0.05	30.85	< 0.01	1.32(1.20~1.46)
网络成瘾	否					1.00
	是	0.61	0.07	66.34	< 0.01	1.83(1.59~2.12)
抑郁症状	否					1.00
	是	1.37	0.05	887.92	< 0.01	3.92(3.58~4.29)
焦虑症状	否					1.00
	是	0.88	0.05	314.85	< 0.01	2.40(2.18~2.65)
为了高兴使用可溶性溶剂	否					1.00
	是	0.81	0.09	82.52	< 0.01	2.25(1.89~2.69)
除咳嗽外使用止咳剂	否					1.00
	是	0.41	0.05	60.29	< 0.01	1.51(1.36~1.67)
无医生许可使用镇静剂	否					1.00
	是	0.49	0.08	35.50	< 0.01	1.63(1.39~1.92)

下载: 导出CSV

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