高中生社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠与学校适应和抑郁的纵向关系

唐天桂; 罗昊; 袁泽亮; 彭小凡; 潘彦谷

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024101

高中生社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠与学校适应和抑郁的纵向关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024101

1.
贵州师范大学心理学院，贵阳 550025
2.
北京师范大学心理学部
3.
贵阳市第一中学心理发展中心
4.
西南财经大学社会发展研究院

基金项目:

国家社科基金一般项目 21BSH083

贵州省2019年度哲学社会科学规划课题 19GZQN28

详细信息

作者简介:
唐天桂(1996-)，男，云南昭通人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生与青少年健康

通讯作者:
彭小凡，E-mail: Pengxf@gznu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 G478
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-08
- 修回日期: 2024-02-04
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-25

Longitudinal relationship between social avoidance and distress, learning burnout, school adaptation and depression among high school students

1.
School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang (550025), Guizhou Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨学校适应对高中生抑郁的影响，以及社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠在两者关系中的中介作用，为高中生心理健康工作提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法选取贵阳市2所中学1 207名高一学生为研究对象，使用学校适应量表(SAS)、社交回避及苦恼量表(SAD)、学业倦怠量表(LBQ)和患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)，在2021年10月(T1)、2022年5月(T2)、2023年3月(T3)3个时间点进行调查。采用Harman单因素法进行共同方法偏差检验；通过Bootstrap法进行偏差校正，使用重复抽样5 000次的方式分析参数估计的95%置信区间(95%CI)。结果 T1学校适应负向预测T3高中生的抑郁(β=-0.13，P<0.01)；中介检验表明，T2的社交回避及苦恼在时间点T1的学校适应与时间点T3的高中生抑郁间的中介效应值为-0.100(95%CI=-0.134~-0.071)；第2次测量(T2)的学业倦怠在时间点T1的学校适应与时间点T3的高中生抑郁间的中介效应值为-0.157(95%CI=-0.211~-0.106)；第2次测量(T2)的社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠在时间点T1的学校适应与时间点T3的高中生抑郁间的链式中介效应值为-0.022(95%CI=-0.037~-0.012)(P值均<0.05)。结论良好的学校适应可直接缓解高中生抑郁，也可通过社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠间接减少高中生抑郁。家庭和学校应重视高中生入学适应情况，并对适应不良学生及时提供干预和帮助，减少高中生抑郁情绪的发生。
- 社交回避及苦恼 /
- 学习 /
- 疲劳 /
- 适应，心理学 /
- 抑郁 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To examine the influence of school adaptation on depression among high school students, as well as the mediating effects of social avoidance and distress and learning burnout on the relationship between school adaptation and depression among high school students, so as to provide a basis for the mental health promotion among high school students. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 1 207 first-year high school students from two high schools as the research subjects in Guiyang City. The School Adaptation Scale(SAS), Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD), Learning Burnout Questionnaire(LBQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9) were used to conduct surveys at three time points: October 2021 (T1), May 2022 (T2), and March 2023 (T3). Common method biase was tested using the Harman's single-factor method, and bias correction was conducted via the Bootstrap method, utilizing 5 000 resamples to analyze the 95% confidence intervals(95%CI) of parameter estimates. Results School adaptation at T1 was negatively associated with depression of high school students at T3 (β=-0.13, P<0.01). The mediation analysis showed that the mediating effect of social avoidance and distress at T2 between school adaptation at time point T1 and depression among high school students at time point T3 was-0.100 (95%CI=-0.134-0.071, P<0.05). The mediating effect of learning burnout at T2 between school adaptation at time point T1 and depression among high school students at time point T3 was-0.157 (95%CI=-0.211-0.106, P<0.05). The chain mediation effect of social avoidance and distress and learning burnout at T2 between school adaptation at time point T1 and depression among high school students at time point T3 was -0.022 (95%CI=-0.037-0.012, P<0.05). Conclusions Good school adaptation can directly alleviate depressive mood, and can indirectly reduce depression through social avoidance and distress and learning burnout among high school students. Families and schools should pay attention to the school adaptation of high school students and provide timely interventions and assistance to students with poor adaptation.
- Social avoidance and distress /
- Learning /
- Fatigue /
- Adaptation, psychological /
- Depression /
- Students
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图 1 高中生社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠在学校适应和抑郁关系间的中介作用

Figure 1. The mediating role of social avoidance and distress and learning burnout in the relationship between school adaptation and depression among high school students

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表 1 不同组别高中生学校适应、社交回避及苦恼、学业倦怠及抑郁量表得分比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅)]

Table 1. Comparisons of the scores on the school adaptation, social avoidance and distress, and learning burnout and depression scales among high school students of parent-divorce different groups[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

组别	选项	人数	统计值	学校适应 (T1)	社交回避及苦恼(T2)	学业倦怠 (T2)	抑郁 (T3)
性别	男	593		117(106, 127)	8(5, 14)	43(36, 51)	2(0, 5)
	女	614		117(106, 127)	9(5, 13)	44(36, 53)	2(0, 5)
			Z值	-0.52	0.41	0.69	0.85
			P值	0.60	0.68	0.49	0.40
心理健康状况	良好	1 092		118(107, 127)	8(5, 13)	43(36, 51)	2(0, 5)
心理健康状况	一般或差	115		106(92, 121)	13(7, 17)	50(34, 61)	11(9, 14)
			Z值	-5.13	4.38	3.03	12.28
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
合计		1 207		117(106, 127)	8(5, 14)	44(36, 52)	2(0, 5)

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表 2 高中生社交回避及苦恼和学业倦怠的中介效应检验(n=1 207)

Table 2. Test of the mediating effects of social avoidance and distress and learning burnout among high school students(n=1 207)

路径	标准化效应值(95%CI)	效果量/%
总效应	-0.406(-0.460~-0.349)
T1学校适应→T3抑郁	-0.127(-0.203~-0.049)	31.28
总间接效应	-0.279(-0.335~-0.229)	68.72
T1学校适应→T2社交回避及苦恼→T3抑郁	-0.100(-0.134~-0.071)	24.63
T1学校适应→T2学业倦怠→T3抑郁	-0.157(-0.211~-0.106)	38.67
T1学校适应→T2社交回避及苦恼→T2学业倦怠→T3抑郁	-0.022(-0.037~-0.012)	5.42

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