不同含糖饮料摄入水平小学生肠道菌群差异

张琴; 刘雪婷; 张可馨; 田野; 何春雷; 王一迪; 徐裕杰; 单树方; 汪晓语; 熊静远; 成果; 何方

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024093

不同含糖饮料摄入水平小学生肠道菌群差异

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024093

张琴¹,
刘雪婷¹,
张可馨¹,
田野¹,
何春雷¹,
王一迪¹,
徐裕杰²,
单树方²,
汪晓语²,
熊静远¹,
成果^{2, 3, ,},
何方¹

1.
四川大学华西公共卫生学院(四川大学华西第四医院)，成都 610041
2.
四川大学华西第二医院西部妇幼医学研究院妇儿营养中心
3.
四川大学华西护理学院

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2020YFC2006300

详细信息

作者简介:
张琴(1998-)，女，四川绵阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为营养与健康

通讯作者:
成果，E-mail: ehw_cheng@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R155.5⁺⁹ Q93-34
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-02
- 修回日期: 2024-01-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-25

Differences in gut microbiota among primary school students with different levels of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption

1.
West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu (610041), Sichuan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨不同含糖饮料摄入水平小学生肠道菌群的差异，为更好地识别儿童健康风险并制定有针对性的健康政策提供科学依据。方法于2022年6月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取成都市健康小学生192名，采用膳食频率问卷调查含糖饮料摄入量，依据小学生每日含糖饮料摄入量中位水平分为低摄入组(96名)和高摄入组(96名)。使用16S rRNA高通量测序对两组小学生新鲜粪便标本进行肠道菌群检测，比较两组肠道菌群的多样性和群落结构差异。结果低摄入组小学生含糖饮料摄入量为(21.3±1.6) mL/d，高摄入组摄入量为(269.6±37.3)mL/d。多样性分析结果显示，低摄入组与高摄入组肠道菌群α多样性的可观测的OTU(Observed_otus)指数[298.50(259.75，342.25)，305.50(244.25，367.75)]，测序深度(Goods_coverage)指数[1.00(1.00，1.00)，1.00(1.00，1.00)]，Chao指数[304.18(260.75，348.78)，305.88(245.68，370.88)]，香农(Shannon)指数[5.88(5.29，6.45)，5.71(4.89，6.28)]，辛普森(Simpson)指数[0.95(0.91，0.97)，0.94(0.88，0.97)]差异均无统计学意义(Z值分别为-0.64，-0.76，-0.54，-1.76，-1.67，P值均>0.05)；两组肠道菌群的β多样性差异无统计学意义(R²=0.006，P>0.05)。在菌属水平，低摄入组中布劳特氏菌属[0.033(0.018，0.055)]、纺锤链杆属[0.009(0.005，0.015)]丰度均高于高摄入组[0.024(0.013，0.041)，0.006(0.003，0.011)]，差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-2.52，-2.81，P值均 < 0.05)。LEfSe分析显示两组菌群的组间差异主要体现在布劳特氏菌属、纺锤链杆属及八叠球菌属(LDA值分别为3.56，3.12，3.53，P值均 < 0.05)。结论不同含糖饮料摄入水平的小学生肠道菌群多样性和整体结构差异不大，但菌属水平存在物种差异，可为识别小学生的健康风险，制定健康对策提供科学依据。
- 碳水化合物 /
- 饮料 /
- 摄食行为 /
- 胃肠道 /
- 细菌 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To explore the differences in the gut microbiota of primary school students with different levels of sugar-sweetened beverage intake, so as to provide scientific evidence for better identification of health risks in children and the development of targeted health policies. Methods In June 2022, a total of 192 healthy primary school students from Chengdu were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The sugar-sweetened beverage intake was assessed through a dietary frequency questionnaire. Based on the median daily sugar-sweetened beverage intake, primary school students were categorized into a low-intake group (n=96) and a high-intake group (n=96). The gut microbiota in fresh fecal samples from the two groups of primary school students was analyzed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, and the diversity and community structure differences in the gut microbiota were compared. Results Children in the low-intake group had a sugar-sweetened beverage intake of (21.3±1.6) mL/d, while the high-intake group had an intake of (269.6±37.3) mL/d. Diversity analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the low-intake and the high-intake group in terms of α diversity metrics: Observed_otus index [298.50 (259.75, 342.25), 305.50 (244.25, 367.75)], Goods_coverage index [1.00 (1.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)], Chao index [304.18 (260.75, 348.78), 305.88 (245.68, 370.88)], Shannon index [5.88 (5.29, 6.45), 5.71 (4.89, 6.28)] and Simpson index [0.95 (0.91, 0.97), 0.94 (0.88, 0.97)] (Z=-0.64, -0.76, -0.54, -1.76, -1.67, P>0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in β diversity between the two groups (R²=0.006, P>0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Blautia [0.033 (0.018, 0.055)] and Fusicatenibacter [0.009 (0.005, 0.015)] were higher in the low-intake group compared to the high-intake group [0.024 (0.013, 0.041), 0.006 (0.003, 0.011)]and differences were statistically significant (Z=-2.52, -2.81, P < 0.05). LEfSe analysis highlighted intergroup differences primarily in Blautia, Fusicatenibacter and Sarcina(LDA=3.56, 3.12, 3.53, P < 0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference in the diversity and overall structure of the gut microbiota in primary school students with different levels of sugar-sweetened beverage intake. However, there are species variations at the genus level. The information can serve as a scientific basis for identifying health risks in primary school students and formulating targeted health strategies.
- Carbohydrates /
- Beverages /
- Feeding behavior /
- Gastrointestinal tract /
- Bacteria /
- Child
注释:

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图 1 含糖饮料低摄入组与高摄入组小学生肠道菌群β多样性比较

注：横、纵坐标表示2个选定的主坐标成分，百分比表示主坐标成分对样本组成差异的贡献值；两样本点越接近，表明两样本物种组成越相似。

Figure 1. Comparison of the β diversity of primary school students gut microbiota between low and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake groups

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表 1 含糖饮料低摄入组与高摄入组小学生肠道菌群α多样性比较[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

Table 1. Comparison of α diversity in gut microbiota between low and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake groups among primary school students[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

组别	人数	可观测的OTU指数	测序深度指数	Chao指数	香农指数	辛普森指数
低摄入组	96	298.50(259.75, 342.25)	1.00(1.00, 1.00)	304.18(260.75, 348.78)	5.88(5.29, 6.45)	0.95(0.91, 0.97)
高摄入组	96	305.50(244.25, 367.75)	1.00(1.00, 1.00)	305.88(245.68, 370.88)	5.71(4.89, 6.25)	0.94(0.88, 0.97)
Z值		-0.64	-0.76	-0.54	-1.76	-1.67
P值		0.53	0.45	0.59	0.08	0.10

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表 2 含糖饮料低摄入组与高摄入组小学生肠道菌群在门水平相对丰度组间比较[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

Table 2. Comparison of relative abundances at the Phylum level in gut microbiota among primary school students between low and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake groups[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

组别	人数	厚壁菌门	拟杆菌门	变形菌门	放线菌门
低摄入组	96	0.59(0.46, 0.68)	0.27(0.15, 0.36)	0.03(0.01, 0.12)	0.02(0.01, 0.03)
高摄入组	96	0.56(0.37, 0.69)	0.25(0.13, 0.36)	0.06(0.01, 0.24)	0.02(0.01, 0.03)
Z值		-0.82	-1.14	-1.60	-0.14
P值		0.40	0.30	0.10	0.90

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表 3 含糖饮料低摄入组与高摄入组小学生肠道菌群在属水平相对丰度比较[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

Table 3. Comparison of relative abundances at the Genus level in gut microbiota among primary school students between low and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake groups[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

组别	人数	粪杆菌属	拟杆菌属	罗姆布茨菌属	普雷沃菌属	罗氏菌属	严格梭菌属	罕见小球菌属	假单胞菌属	双歧杆菌属
低摄入组	96	0.118(0.076, 0.188)	0.124(0.057, 0.237)	0.024(0.009, 0.074)	0.030(0.008, 0.083)	0.014(0.006, 0.023)	0.012(0.004, 0.027)	0.011(0.006, 0.016)	0.005(0.000, 0.080)	0.009(0.005, 0.022)
高摄入组	96	0.117(0.066, 0.177)	0.106(0.054, 0.202)	0.024(0.012, 0.078)	0.023(0.008, 0.129)	0.012(0.005, 0.022)	0.012(0.006, 0.028)	0.010(0.004, 0.014)	0.015(0.000, 0.191)	0.009(0.004, 0.027)
Z值		-0.50	-1.03	-0.35	-0.55	-0.89	-0.30	-1.55	-1.35	-0.09
P值		0.60	0.30	0.70	0.60	0.40	0.80	0.10	0.20	0.90

组别	人数	琼脂杆菌属	另枝菌属	瘤胃球菌属	肠杆菌属	Ruminococcus_torques_group	副拟杆菌属	Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group	巨细胞菌属	小杆菌属
低摄入组	96	0.012(0.006, 0.023)	0.010(0.004, 0.021)	0.008(0.004, 0.017)	0.008(0.003, 0.014)	0.007(0.004, 0.014)	0.006(0.003, 0.013)	0.006(0.003, 0.016)	0.002(0.000, 0.006)	0.002(0.001, 0.005)
高摄入组	96	0.008(0.004, 0.019)	0.007(0.004, 0.016)	0.006(0.003, 0.015)	0.007(0.004, 0.015)	0.007(0.003, 0.012)	0.006(0.004, 0.010)	0.006(0.003, 0.011)	0.002(0.000, 0.006)	0.002(0.000, 0.005)
Z值		-1.63	-1.13	-1.06	-0.25	-1.07	-0.46	-0.99	-0.18	-0.43
P值		0.10	0.30	0.30	0.80	0.30	0.60	0.30	0.90	0.70

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表 4 含糖饮料低摄入组与高摄入组小学生肠道菌群的LEfSe相对丰度差异

Table 4. Differences of the relative abundance of LEfSe in gut microbiota among primary school students between low and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake groups

组别	微生物类群	LDA分值
低摄入组	布劳特氏菌属	3.56
	纺锤链杆属	3.12
	Clostridia_UCG_014	2.92
	厌氧棒状菌属	2.91
	挑剔真杆菌	2.75
	凸腹真杆菌属	2.68
	Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG_003	2.55
	丁酸球菌属	2.41
	肠球菌属	2.05
高摄入组	八叠球菌属	3.53
	巨球型菌属	2.72
	短波单胞菌属	2.39
	鞘氨醇单胞菌属	2.37
	皮肤杆菌属	2.34
	TM7a	2.18

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