肥胖青少年执行功能状况研究

李颖; 尹小俭; 马渊源; 王进贤; 吴慧攀; 张颖坤; 施利娟; 李勇

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024085

肥胖青少年执行功能状况研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024085

李颖¹,
尹小俭^{1, 2, ,},
马渊源³,
王进贤⁴,
吴慧攀⁵,
张颖坤⁶,
施利娟⁷,
李勇⁸

1.
上海应用技术大学经济管理学院, 上海 201418
2.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院
3.
吉首大学体育科学学院
4.
中北大学体育学院
5.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心
6.
山西医科大学公共卫生学院
7.
上海教师教育学院
8.
深圳技术大学体育与艺术学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目 82373595

详细信息

作者简介:
李颖(1996-), 女, 安徽省人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿童青少年体质健康与影响因素

通讯作者:
尹小俭, E-mail: xjyin1965@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R723.14 Q427
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- 文章访问数: 374
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- PDF下载量: 68
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-29
- 修回日期: 2024-03-01
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-25

Executive functions of obese adolescents

1.
School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai (201418), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究肥胖青少年执行功能表征状况, 为肥胖青少年执行功能提升的干预提供参考依据。方法于2023年3—4月在太原市的2所中学选取1 227名13~18岁的青少年作为方便样本。采用Flanker任务、N-back任务和More-odd shifting任务分别对61名肥胖青少年和70名正常体重青少年的执行功能各子功能(刷新功能、转移功能、抑制功能)进行比较。采用独立样本t检验进行组间比较, 使用Cohen's d检验计算两组青少年执行功能的组间差异。结果与体重正常组相比, 肥胖组的抑制功能、刷新功能和转换功能的反应时均高于体重正常组(t值分别为4.26, 4.06, 1.92, 2.26);抑制功能(0.91±0.09)和1-back(0.73±0.24)的正确率也均低于体重正常组(0.94±0.05, 0.83±0.21), 差异有均统计学意义(t值分别为-2.04, -2.04, P值均 < 0.05)。肥胖青少年在抑制功能和刷新功能1-back中表现出中等缺陷效应量(d值分别为0.746, 0.712), 在2-back和转换功能中表现出较小的缺陷效应量(d值分别为0.497, 0.398)。结论肥胖青少年具有明显的执行功能缺陷, 但各子功能的缺陷程度不同, 其中抑制功能是肥胖青少年执行功能核心缺陷成分。
- 肥胖症 /
- 执行功能 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore of executive function in obese adolescents, so as to provide a reference for executive function enhancement intervention in obese adolescents. Methods A convenience sample of 1 227 adolescents aged 13-18 years was selected from 2 secondary schools in Taiyuan City during March-April 2023. The Flanker task, N-back task and More-odd shifting task was used to compare the different subfunctions of executive function (refreshing function, shifting function, inhibiting function) of 61 obese adolescents and 70 normal-weight adolescents. Independent samples t-tests was used for between-group comparisons and Cohen's d-tests was used to calculate between-group differences in executive function between the two groups of adolescents. Results Compared with the group of normal weight, time responses of the inhibitory function, the refreshing function and the shifting function in the obese group were significantly longer than those in the normal weight group (t=4.26, 4.06, 1.92, 2.26, P < 0.05); inhibitory function (0.91±0.09) and 1-back (0.73±0.24) were also significantly less correct than in the normal weight group (0.94±0.05, 0.83±0.21) (t=-2.04, -2.04, P < 0.05). Obese adolescents showed moderate adverse effect sizes in the inhibition function (d=0.746, 0.712) and the refresh function 1-back, and smaller adverse effect sizes in the refresh function 2-back and the conversion function(d=0.497, 0.398). Conclusion Obese adolescents have significant executive function deficits, but the degree of adverse varies across sub-functions, with inhibitory function being the core deficit component of executive function in obese adolescents.
- Obesity /
- Executive function /
- Mental health /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 肥胖组相对体重正常组青少年执行功能缺陷效应量

Figure 1. Effect sizes of executive function deficits in the obese group relative to the normal weight group

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表 1 肥胖组和体重正常组青少年的抑制功能比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of inhibitory function performance of adolescents in the obese and normal weight groups(x±s)

组别	人数	反应时/ms			正确率
组别	人数	不一致	一致	抑制功能	不一致	一致	抑制功能
体重正常组	70	555.12±70.09	540.26±71.09	14.86±20.27	0.94±0.06	0.94±0.06	0.94±0.05
肥胖组	61	552.28±57.27	522.55±56.20	29.73±19.55	0.92±0.09	0.91±0.10	0.91±0.09
t值		0.25	1.57	-4.26	1.95	1.88	2.04
P值		0.80	0.12	＜0.01	0.05	0.06	0.04

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 肥胖组和体重正常组青少年的刷新功能比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of refreshment function performance of adolescents in the obese and normal weight groups(x±s)

组别	人数	反应时/ms		正确率
组别	人数	1-back	2-back	1-back	2-back
体重正常组	70	888.38±286.57	1 126.20±287.43	0.81±0.21	0.64±0.19
肥胖组	61	1 088.75±275.76	1 285.44±355.16	0.73±0.24	0.60±0.20
t值		-4.06	-1.92	2.04	1.22
P值		＜0.01	0.06	0.04	0.23

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表 3 肥胖组和体重正常组青少年的转换功能比较(x±s)

Table 3. Comparison of shifting function performance of adolescents in the obese and normal weight groups(x±s)

组别	人数	反应时/ms			正确率
组别	人数	不转换	转换	转换功能	不转换	转换	转换功能
体重正常组	70	660.41±118.02	990.75±211.37	323.12±134.71	0.93±0.07	0.85±0.13	0.89±0.09
肥胖组	61	679.69±113.13	1 002.80±168.82	380.34±153.18	0.92±0.08	0.82±0.15	0.87±0.10
t值		0.95	0.36	-2.26	1.30	1.05	1.29
P值		0.34	0.72	0.03	0.20	0.30	0.20

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