西藏山南市2023年高中生烟草使用现况及相关因素分析

边玛顿珠; 索朗多布杰; 德庆; 宗吉; 旦增罗布; 白玛拉吉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024078

西藏山南市2023年高中生烟草使用现况及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024078

1.
山南市疾病预防控制中心健康教育科，西藏自治区 856000
2.
山南市桑日县增期乡卫生院

详细信息

作者简介:
边玛顿珠(1993-)，男，西藏山南人，大学本科，主管医师，主要从事健康教育方面工作

通讯作者:
索朗多布杰，E-mail: shannanjiankang@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 C913.5 F768.29
计量
- 文章访问数: 294
- HTML全文浏览量: 152
- PDF下载量: 41
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-07
- 修回日期: 2023-12-27
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-25

Tobacco use and associated factors among high school students in Shannan City, Tibet in 2023

1.
Health Education Department of Shannan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shannan (856000), Xizang Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解山南市高中生烟草使用现况及相关因素，为制定高中生控烟策略提供参考依据。方法于2023年4—7月，采用普查方法将西藏自治区山南市高中所有在校生作为研究对象，共6所高中10 052名在校学生进行自填式问卷调查，率的比较采用χ²检验，高中生烟草使用现况影响因素采用二项分类Logistic回归分析。结果山南市高中生尝试吸卷烟率为17.63%，现在吸卷烟率为10.07%，均为男生高于女生，城镇高于农村(χ_性别²值分别为1 262.35，869.79，χ_城乡²值分别为35.90，29.16，P值均 < 0.01)。父母和好朋友吸烟的学生现在吸卷烟率高于父母和好朋友不吸烟的学生(χ²值分别为190.50，1 741.44)，现在吸卷烟率随着年级和年龄的增长呈上升趋势(χ_趋势²值分别为74.87，122.86)(P值均＜0.01)；烟草依赖率为41.80%；75.30%学生想戒烟，83.99%接受过戒烟帮助，但接受专业戒烟帮助较低(13.41%)。Logistic回归分析显示，职高、高年级(二、三年级)、父母(都吸、母亲吸)和好朋友吸烟(有些吸、大多数吸、全部吸)与高中生现在吸卷烟呈正相关(OR值分别为1.51，1.54，2.17，2.22，1.69，5.30，13.28，8.59，P值均＜0.05)。结论山南市高中生现在吸卷烟率较高，二手烟暴露现象较普遍，职高是防控重点，应加强家庭-学校-社会有效配合，共同营造无烟环境，保护学生远离烟草危害。
- 烟草 /
- 吸烟 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 西藏[自治区]
Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation and related factors of tobacco use among high school students in Shannan City, so as to provide reference for tobacco control strategies for high school students. Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 10 052 high school students from 6 high schools in Shannan City, Tibetan Autonomous Region by census methods from April to July in 2023. The comparison of rates was conducted by using Chi-square test, and the influencing factors of tobacco use among high school students were analyzed using binomial classification Logistic regression. Results The rate of high school students in Shannan City trying cigarettes was 17.63%, and the current smoking rate was 10.07%, both of which were higher in boys than girls, and higher in urban areas than in rural areas (χ_gender²=1 262.35, 869.79; χ_area²=35.90, 29.16, P < 0.01). The smoking rate of students with parents and good friends smoking was higher than that of students with parents and good friends not smoking(χ²=190.50, 1 741.44), and the current smoking rate showed an upward trend with age and age (χ_trend²=74.87, 122.86)(P < 0.01). The tobacco dependence rate was 41.80%; 75.30% wanted to quit smoking, 83.99% had received smoking cessation assistance, but had received less professional smoking cessation assistance (13.41%). Logistic regression analysis showed that vocational high school students, senior students (second and third grade), parents' smoking (both smoking, mother smoking), and good friends smoking (some smoking, most smoking, all smoking) were positively correlated with smoking cigarettes among high school students (OR=1.51, 1.54, 2.17, 2.22, 1.69, 5.30, 13.28, 8.59, P < 0.05). Conclusions The smoking rate of high school students in Shannan City is high and second-hand smoke exposure is common. Vocational high schools are the key to prevention and control. Effective cooperation between families, schools, and society should be strengthened to create a smoke-free environment and protect students from tobacco hazards.
- Tobacco /
- Smoking /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Tibet
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 山南市不同人口学特征在校高中生尝试吸卷烟率比较

Table 1. Comparison of smoking attempt rates among high school students with different demographic characteristics in Shannan City

人口学指标	选项	人数	尝试吸卷烟人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	4 832	1 530(31.66)	1 262.35	< 0.01
	女	5 220	242(4.64)
区域	城镇	600	160(26.67)	35.90	< 0.01
	农村	9 452	1 612(17.05)
学校类型	普高	6 226	1 087(17.46)	0.32	0.57
	职高	3 826	685(17.90)
年级	一	3 444	448(13.01)	98.62	< 0.01
	二	3 597	649(18.04)
	三	3 011	675(22.42)
年龄/岁	≤16	1 371	203(14.81)	71.57	< 0.01
	17	4 936	758(15.35)
	18	2 854	604(21.16)
	19	768	172(22.40)
	≥20	123	35(28.46)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 山南市不同组别高中生现在吸卷烟率比较

Table 2. Comparison of current cigarette smoking rates among high school students with different groups in Shannan City

组别	选项	人数	现在吸卷烟人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	4 832	931(19.27)	869.79	< 0.01
	女	5 220	81(1.55)
区域	城镇	600	99(16.50)	29.16	< 0.01
	农村	9 452	913(9.66)
学校类型	普高	6 226	549(8.82)	28.22	< 0.01
	职高	3 826	463(12.10)
年级	一	3 444	218(6.33)	124.19	< 0.01
	二	3 597	352(9.79)
	三	3 011	442(14.68)
年龄/岁	≤16	1 371	87(6.35)	80.40	< 0.01
	17	4 936	429(8.69)
	18	2 854	367(12.86)
	19	768	104(13.54)
	≥20	123	25(20.33)
零花钱/元	通常没钱	562	62(11.03)	122.65	< 0.01
	≤10	446	44(9.87)
	11~20	737	60(8.14)
	21~30	867	76(8.77)
	31~40	750	46(6.13)
	41~50	2 229	125(5.61)
	＞50	4 461	599(13.43)
父母吸烟	都不吸	6 484	544(8.39)	190.50	< 0.01
	都吸	223	70(31.39)
	一方吸	2 449	317(12.94)
	不知道	896	81(9.04)
好朋友吸烟	没人吸	7 477	244(3.26)	1 741.44	< 0.01
	有一些吸	1 973	490(24.84)
	大多数吸	409	203(49.63)
	全部吸	193	75(38.86)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 山南市不同人口学特征现在吸烟高中生烟草依赖率比较

Table 3. Comparison of tobacco dependence rate among high school students for smoking currently with different demographic characteristics in Shannan City

人口学指标	选项	人数	烟草依赖人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	931	394(42.32)	1.30	0.25
	女	81	29(35.80)
区域	城镇	99	39(39.39)	0.26	0.61
	农村	913	384(42.06)
学校类型	普高	549	224(40.80)	0.49	0.48
	职高	463	199(42.98)
年级	一	218	74(33.94)	7.43	< 0.05
	二	352	159(45.17)
	三	442	190(42.99)
年龄/岁	≤16	87	31(35.63)	16.87	< 0.05
	17	429	160(37.30)
	18	367	167(45.50)
	19	104	47(45.19)
	≥20	25	18(72.00)
注： ()内数字为依赖率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 山南市不同人口统计学特征高中生二手烟暴露场所比较

Table 4. Comparison of second-hand smoke exposure sites among high school students with different demographic characteristics in Shannan City

组别	选项	人数	统计值	家庭	室内公共场所	室外公共场所	公共交通工具
性别	男	4 832		1 447(29.95)	2 339(48.41)	2 363(48.90)	1 219(25.23)
	女	5 220		1 058(20.27)	2 277(43.62)	2 289(43.85)	896(17.16)
			χ²值	125.61	23.14	25.77	98.39
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
区域	城镇	600		185(30.83)	309(51.50)	318(53.00)	169(28.17)
	农村	9 452		2 320(24.55)	4 307(45.57)	4 334(45.85)	1 946(20.59)
			χ²值	11.92	7.80	11.59	19.51
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.66
学校类型	普高	6 226		1 499(24.08)	3 103(49.84)	3 096(49.73)	1 203(19.32)
	职高	3 826		1 006(26.29)	1 513(39.55)	1 556(40.67)	912(23.84)
			χ²值	6.23	101.12	78.20	29.07
			P值	0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
年级	一	3 444		796(23.11)	1 469(42.65)	1 490(43.26)	827(24.01)
	二	3 597		919(25.55)	1 633(45.40)	1 630(45.32)	688(19.13)
	三	3 011		790(26.24)	1 514(50.28)	1 532(50.88)	600(19.93)
			χ²值	8.62	37.20	36.71	41.19
			P值	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	< 0.01
注： ()内数字为暴露率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 山南市高中生吸烟影响因素Logistic回归分析(n=10 052)

Table 5. Logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors on smoking among high school students in Shannan City(n=10 052)

自变量与常量	选项	β值	标准误	P值	OR值(95%CI)
性别	女	-2.13	0.12	＜0.01	0.12(0.09~0.21)
学校类型	职高	0.41	0.08	＜0.01	1.51(1.29~1.81)
区域	农村	-0.36	0.14	＜0.01	0.70(0.54~0.91)
年级	二	0.43	0.11	＜0.01	1.54(1.25~1.91)
	三	0.78	0.12	＜0.01	2.17(1.73~2.71)
年龄/岁	17	0.04	0.14	0.78	1.04(0.79~1.41)
	18	0.09	0.16	0.59	1.09(0.80~1.51)
	19	0.12	0.19	0.54	1.13(0.77~1.61)
	≥20	0.34	0.30	0.26	1.40(0.78~2.51)
父母吸烟	都吸	0.80	0.18	＜0.01	2.22(1.56~3.21)
	父亲吸	0.07	0.09	0.47	1.07(0.89~1.31)
	母亲吸	0.52	0.26	0.03	1.69(1.01~2.81)
	不知道	-0.27	0.14	0.04	0.77(0.58~0.98)
好朋友吸烟	有些吸	1.67	0.09	＜0.01	5.30(4.45~6.31)
	大多数吸	2.59	0.13	＜0.01	13.28(10.33~17.11)
	全部吸	2.15	0.17	＜0.01	8.59(6.10~12.11)
常量		-2.86	0.19	＜0.01

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(17)

[1]	LIN B, LIU X, LU W, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of smoking among Chinese adolescents: a school-based cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Public Health, 2023, 23(1): 669. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15565-3
[2]	FOUAD H, COMMAR A, HAMADEH R, et al. Estimated and projected prevalence of tobacco smoking in males, Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2000-2025[J]. East Mediterr Health J, 2021, 27(1): 76-82. doi: 10.26719/2021.27.1.76
[3]	MURRAY C J L, ARAVKIN A Y, ZHENG P, et al. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019[J]. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1223-1249. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2
[4]	范建楠, 曲晨, 沈孝兵. 基于结构方程模型的江苏省青少年吸烟行为的影响因素分析[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2023, 27(5): 611-615. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBKZ202305015.htm FAN J N, QU C, SHEN X B. Analysis of influencing factors on smoking behavior among adolescents in Jiangsu Province based on structural equation modeling[J]. Chin J Dis Control, 2023, 27(5): 611-615. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBKZ202305015.htm
[5]	姜愚烽, 肖琴. 中国烟草流行及控制现状[J]. 职业与健康, 2018, 34(7): 997-999. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYJK201807036.htm JIANG Y F, XIAO Q. Current situation of tobacco epidemic and control in China[J]. Occup Health, 2018, 34(7): 997-999. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYJK201807036.htm
[6]	贺蕾, 郭晓亮, 于飞, 等. 河北省青少年烟草危害认知与态度现状调查[J]. 中国慢性病预防与控制, 2022, 30(2): 121-124. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZMXB202202009.htm HE L, GUO X L, YU F, et al. Investigation on the current situation of adolescent tobacco hazard awareness and attitude in Hebei Province[J]. Chin J Chronic Dis Prev Control, 2022, 30(2): 121-124. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZMXB202202009.htm
[7]	XIAO D, WANG C. Rising smoking epidemic among adolescents in China[J]. Lancet Respir Med, 2019, 7(1): 3-5. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30509-5
[8]	中国疾病预防控制中心. 2019年中国青少年烟草调查报告[R]. 北京: 中国疾病预防控制中心, 2019. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019 China Youth Tobacco Survey Report[R]. Beijing: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019. (in Chinese)
[9]	国胜, 拉布·拉巴卓玛. 西藏青少年2019年吸烟行为现状及相关因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(9): 1333-1336, 1341. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.09.013 GUO S, LABU L B Z M. Current situation of smoking behavior and related factors among adolescents in Tibet in 2019[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(9): 1333-1336, 1341. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.09.013
[10]	罗彦, 夏庆华, 余惠红, 等. 湖北省青少年烟草使用现况及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(5): 670-672, 675. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.05.009 LUO Y, XIA Q H, YU H H, et al. Current situation of youth tobacco use and its influencing factors in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2017, 38(5): 670-672, 675. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.05.009
[11]	李艳妮. 2019年宁夏青少年烟草使用现状及影响因素分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48(3): 501-506. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202103028.htm LI Y N. Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of youth tobacco use in Ningxia in 2019[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2021, 48(3): 501-506. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202103028.htm
[12]	刘艳红, 张磊, 陆斌, 等. 深圳市宝安区中学生吸烟流行情况及影响因素分析[J]. 应用预防医学, 2020, 26(5): 379-382. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXYX202005004.htm LIU Y H, ZHANG L, LU B, et al. Analysis of smoking prevalence and influencing factors among middle school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen[J]. Appl Prev Med, 2020, 26(5): 379-382. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXYX202005004.htm
[13]	ZHAO Y, DI X, LI S, et al. Prevalence, frequency, intensity, and location of cigarette use among adolescents in China from 2013-14 to 2019: findings from two repeated cross-sectional studies[J]. Lancet Reg Health West Pact, 2022, 28(27): 100549.
[14]	缪维芳. 职业学校学生的吸烟情况及影响因素调查[D]. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2017. MIAO W F. Investigation on smoking status and influencing factors of vocational school students[D]. Suzhou: Soochow University, 2017. (in Chinese)
[15]	罗彦, 马丽娜, 黄希骥, 等. 湖北省15岁及以上居民吸烟行为及烟草危害认知现况调查[J]. 中国慢性病预防与控制, 2019, 27(7): 488-492. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZMXB201907003.htm LUO Y, MA L N, HUANG X J, et al. Investigation on smoking behavior and tobacco hazard awareness among residents aged 15 and above in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Chronic Dis Prev Control, 2019, 27(7): 488-492. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZMXB201907003.htm
[16]	周培静, 胡毅, 刘婷, 等. 2019年山东省青少年烟草使用现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中国健康教育, 2021, 37(11): 970-974, 983. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK202111003.htm ZHOU P J, HU Y, LIU T, et al. Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of tobacco use among adolescents in Shandong Province in 2019[J]. Chin Health Educ, 2021, 37(11): 970-974, 983. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK202111003.htm
[17]	李茜, 张黛静, 吴彦军. 吸烟的危害及高中生吸烟行为的防制措施[J]. 生物学教学, 2017, 42(11): 2-3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SWJX201711001.htm LI Q, ZHANG D J, WU Y J. The harm of smoking and the prevention and control measures of smoking behavior of high school students[J]. Biol Teach, 2017, 42(11): 2-3. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SWJX201711001.htm