云南省大学生加工食品消费与焦虑症状关联的纵向研究

姜英虹; 苏云鹏; 苏莹珍; 陶剑; 陈伟伟; 胡东月; 杨俊宇; 徐洪吕

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024051

云南省大学生加工食品消费与焦虑症状关联的纵向研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024051

姜英虹^{1, 2},
苏云鹏³,
苏莹珍^{1, 2},
陶剑^{1, 2},
陈伟伟¹,
胡东月^{1, 2},
杨俊宇^{1, 2},
徐洪吕^{1, 2, ,}

1.
昆明学院医学院，云南 650214
2.
昆明学院社区护理研究团队
3.
大理大学护理学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82160622

云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项项目 XDYC-QNRC-2022-0289

云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项资金项目 202101BA070001-117

昆明学院引进人才科研项目 YJL2103

详细信息

作者简介:
姜英虹(1987-)，女，云南大理人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为青少年心理护理

通讯作者:
徐洪吕，E-mail：x___hl@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 R155.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-22
- 修回日期: 2024-01-31
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-25

Longitudinal association between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms among college students in Yunnan Province

JIANG Yinghong^{1, 2},
SU Yunpeng³,
SU Yingzhen^{1, 2},
TAO Jian^{1, 2},
CHEN Weiwei¹,
HU Dongyue^{1, 2},
YANG Junyu^{1, 2},
XU Honglü^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming (650214), Yunnan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨云南省大学生加工食品消费与焦虑症状的关联，为预防和缓解大学生焦虑症状提供参考。方法采用整群随机抽样方法选取云南2所大学2 515名大一年级学生为研究对象进行纵向调查研究，包括基线调查(2021年11月，T1)及3次随访(2022年6月，T2；2022年11月，T3；2023年6月，T4)。使用食物频率调查表评估大学生加工食品消费状况，采用中文版抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(DASS-21)评估大学生的情绪症状。应用广义估计方程模型分析加工食品消费状况与焦虑症状的关联。结果云南大学生T1~T4的4次焦虑症状检出率分别为29.70%，36.70%，37.69%和38.73%，4次焦虑症状评分分别为4(0，8)，4(0，10)，4(0，12)和2(0，14)。在广义估计方程模型控制人口学变量和混杂因素后，碳酸饮料消费(β=0.06，95%CI=0.03~0.08)、其他加工零食消费(β=0.04，95%CI=0.01~0.07)与焦虑症状的关联均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)。按性别分层分析显示，大学女生碳酸饮料消费(β=0.08，95%CI=0.05~0.12)、速食食品消费(β=0.03，95%CI=0.00~0.06)与焦虑症状的关联均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)，大学男生加工食品消费与焦虑症状的关联无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论云南大学生加工食品消费可能增加焦虑症状风险，且女生更为明显。应加强对大学生加工食品消费的正向指导，以预防或缓解焦虑症状。
- 食品处理和加工 /
- 焦虑 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the association between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms among college students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of anxiety symptoms in this population. Methods A cluster random sample of 2 515 first-year students from two universities in Yunnan Province was selected to carry out a longitudinal investigation which included a baseline survey (November 2021, T1) and three follow-up visits (June 2022, T2; November 2022, T3; June 2023, T4). The food frequency questionnaire was administered to assess processed food consumption, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21, Chinese version) was used to evaluate anxiety symptoms. A generalized estimation equation model was used to analyze the relationship between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms. Results The detection rates of T1-T4 anxiety symptoms among college students in Yunnan Province were 29.70%, 36.70%, 37.69% and 38.73%, respectively, and the corresponding anxiety symptom scores were 4(0, 8), 4(0, 10), 4(0, 12), 2(0, 14). After controlling for demographic variables and confounding factors in the generalized estimation equation model, a statistically significant association was found between consumption of carbonated beverages (β=0.06, 95%CI=0.03-0.08), and other processed snacks (β=0.04, 95%CI=0.01-0.07) (P<0.05). The stratified analysis by gender showed that the consumption of carbonated beverages (β=0.08, 95%CI=0.05-0.12) and fast food (β=0.03, 95%CI=0.00-0.06) was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in female college students (P<0.05). There was no significant association between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms in male college students (P>0.05). Conclusions Processed food consumption by college students in Yunnan Province may increase the risk of anxiety symptoms, particularly among female students. There is a need to strengthen guidance in respect to processed food consumption, so as to prevent and treat anxiety symptoms.
- Food handling /
- Anxiety /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 云南大学生加工食品消费情况(n=2 515)

Table 1. The consumption of processed food among college students in Yunnan Province(n=2 515)

时间	食品	类别	1~2次	3~4次	5~6次	7~8次	9~10次	≥11次
T1	加工食品	加工肉类	1 114(44.29)	348(13.84)	167(6.64)	29(1.15)	33(1.31)	34(1.35)
		主食加工制品	1 000(39.76)	213(8.47)	110(4.37)	32(1.27)	15(0.60)	26(1.03)
		加工蛋	348(13.84)	41(1.63)	32(1.27)	13(0.52)	5(0.20)	7(0.28)
		果脯/蜜饯	700(27.83)	98(3.90)	47(1.87)	15(0.60)	7(0.28)	11(0.44)
		面包/奶油蛋糕	1 160(46.12)	359(14.27)	199(7.91)	52(2.07)	39(1.55)	30(1.19)
		其他加工零食	1 140(45.33)	202(8.03)	106(4.21)	20(0.80)	16(0.64)	17(0.68)
	超加工食品	膨化食品	1 121(44.57)	319(12.68)	154(6.12)	18(0.72)	20(0.80)	27(1.07)
		速食食品	1 123(44.65)	425(16.90)	176(7.00)	34(1.35)	30(1.19)	29(1.15)
		糖果	1 107(44.02)	193(7.67)	113(4.49)	22(0.87)	20(0.80)	20(0.80)
		巧克力	740(29.42)	80(3.18)	67(2.66)	12(0.48)	15(0.60)	8(0.32)
		碳酸饮料	725(28.83)	124(4.93)	62(2.47)	13(0.52)	9(0.36)	12(0.48)
T2	加工食品	加工肉类	860(34.19)	242(9.62)	311(12.37)	51(2.03)	165(6.56)	191(7.59)
		主食加工制品	836(33.24)	218(8.67)	279(11.09)	43(1.71)	164(6.52)	239(9.50)
		加工蛋	484(19.24)	85(3.38)	107(4.25)	25(0.99)	66(2.62)	97(3.86)
		果脯/蜜饯	677(26.92)	135(5.37)	172(6.84)	32(1.27)	98(3.90)	125(4.97)
		面包/奶油蛋糕	840(33.40)	286(11.37)	344(13.68)	78(3.10)	175(6.96)	241(9.58)
		其他加工零食	887(35.27)	197(7.83)	267(10.62)	50(1.99)	120(4.77)	142(5.65)
	超加工食品	膨化食品	839(33.36)	259(10.30)	286(11.37)	60(2.39)	135(5.37)	228(9.07)
		速食食品	835(33.20)	287(11.41)	291(11.57)	63(2.50)	171(6.80)	241(9.58)
		糖果	898(35.71)	187(7.44)	236(9.38)	49(1.95)	129(5.13)	168(6.68)
		巧克力	696(27.67)	144(5.73)	179(7.12)	35(1.39)	82(3.26)	108(4.29)
		碳酸饮料	776(30.85)	199(7.91)	268(10.66)	43(1.71)	113(4.49)	159(6.32)
T3	加工食品	加工肉类	1 411(56.10)	360(14.31)	198(7.87)	52(2.07)	29(1.15)	34(1.35)
		主食加工制品	1 383(54.99)	425(16.90)	181(7.20)	46(1.83)	44(1.75)	34(1.35)
		加工蛋	1 253(49.82)	284(11.29)	161(6.40)	43(1.71)	34(1.35)	34(1.35)
		果脯/蜜饯	1 269(50.46)	247(9.82)	124(4.93)	37(1.47)	25(0.99)	24(0.95)
		面包/奶油蛋糕	1 451(57.69)	323(12.84)	153(6.08)	43(1.71)	33(1.31)	35(1.39)
		其他加工零食	1 371(54.51)	300(11.93)	146(5.81)	48(1.91)	24(0.95)	30(1.19)
	超加工食品	膨化食品	1 426(56.70)	358(14.23)	172(6.84)	40(1.59)	34(1.35)	27(1.07)
		速食食品	1 344(53.44)	372(14.79)	173(6.88)	56(2.23)	30(1.19)	32(1.27)
		糖果	1 415(56.26)	241(9.58)	140(5.57)	35(1.39)	30(1.19)	26(1.03)
		巧克力	1 351(53.72)	228(9.07)	115(4.57)	35(1.39)	24(0.95)	30(1.19)
		碳酸饮料	1 191(47.36)	227(9.03)	114(4.53)	32(1.27)	27(1.07)	28(1.11)
T4	加工食品	加工肉类	1 467(58.33)	359(14.27)	171(6.80)	44(1.75)	32(1.27)	24(0.95)
		主食加工制品	1 383(54.99)	427(16.98)	178(7.08)	34(1.35)	52(2.07)	35(1.39)
		加工蛋	1 285(51.09)	301(11.97)	161(6.40)	35(1.39)	28(1.11)	20(0.80)
		果脯/蜜饯	1 315(52.29)	263(10.46)	120(4.77)	26(1.03)	32(1.27)	21(0.83)
		面包/奶油蛋糕	1 497(59.52)	334(13.28)	155(6.16)	36(1.43)	34(1.35)	25(0.99)
		其他加工零食	1 442(57.34)	299(11.89)	139(5.53)	30(1.19)	27(1.07)	19(0.76)
	超加工食品	膨化食品	1 528(60.76)	321(12.76)	139(5.53)	25(0.99)	33(1.31)	24(0.95)
		速食食品	1 454(57.81)	348(13.84)	147(5.84)	45(1.79)	26(1.03)	20(0.80)
		糖果	1 484(59.01)	247(9.82)	132(5.25)	15(0.60)	27(1.07)	21(0.83)
		巧克力	1 400(55.67)	232(9.22)	104(4.14)	26(1.03)	25(0.99)	21(0.83)
		碳酸饮料	1 368(54.39)	269(10.70)	113(4.49)	28(1.11)	31(1.23)	21(0.83)
注：()内数字为消费率/%。

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表 2 云南大学生加工食品消费与焦虑症状的关联(n=2 515)

Table 2. Association between processed food consumption and anxiety symptoms among college students in Yunnan Province(n=2 515)

自变量	选项	模型1			模型2
自变量	选项	标准误	Wald χ²值	β值(95%CI)	标准误	Wald χ²值	β值(95%CI)
加工食品	加工肉类	0.01	1.68	-0.02(-0.04~0.01)	0.01	1.26	-0.02(-0.04~0.01)
	主食加工制品	0.01	0.85	-0.01(-0.03~0.01)	0.01	0.54	-0.01(-0.03~0.01)
	加工蛋	0.02	0.06	0.00(-0.03~0.04)	0.02	0.44	-0.01(-0.04~0.02)
	果脯/蜜饯	0.02	0.63	-0.01(-0.05~0.02)	0.02	0.75	-0.02(-0.05~0.02)
	面包/奶油蛋糕	0.01	2.72	-0.02(-0.05~0.00)	0.01	1.67	-0.02(-0.05~0.01)
	其他加工零食	0.02	6.45	0.04(0.01~0.07)^*	0.02	5.64	0.04(0.01~0.07)^*
超加工食品	膨化食品	0.02	0.22	0.01(-0.02~0.04)	0.02	0.32	0.01(-0.02~0.04)
	速食食品	0.01	0.89	0.01(-0.01~0.04)	0.01	1.72	0.02(-0.01~0.04)
	糖果	0.02	0.30	0.01(-0.02~0.04)	0.02	0.42	0.01(-0.02~0.04)
	巧克力	0.02	1.35	0.02(-0.01~0.06)	0.02	0.24	0.01(-0.03~0.04)
	碳酸饮料	0.01	20.66	0.06(0.04~0.09)^**	0.01	17.71	0.06(0.03~0.08)^**
注： P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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