江西省低年级医学生艾滋病歧视现状及相关因素

黄铎钦; 邹薇; 郑亚楠; 万鑫; 龚茜

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024043

江西省低年级医学生艾滋病歧视现状及相关因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024043

黄铎钦¹,
邹薇²,
郑亚楠^{3, 4},
万鑫¹,
龚茜^{3, 4, ,}

1.
赣南医科大学第一临床医学院，江西赣州 341000
2.
南昌大学第一附属医院感染科
3.
赣南医科大学人文社会科学学院
4.
赣南医科大学苏区卫生与健康中国建设研究中心

基金项目:

江西省科技厅自然科学基金项目 20202BAB206023

江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目 SH22105

江西省哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目 22SKJD41

详细信息

作者简介:
黄铎钦(2005-)，男，江西南昌人，在读本科

通讯作者:
龚茜，E-mail：gongxihp@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R512.91 G444 R193 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-12
- 修回日期: 2023-11-19
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-25

Current situation and related factors of AIDS discrimination among junior medical students in Jiangxi Province

HUANG Duoqin¹,
ZOU Wei²,
ZHENG Ya'nan^{3, 4},
WAN Xin¹,
GONG Xi^{3, 4
, ,}

1.
The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou (341000), Jiangxi Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨高校低年级医学生对艾滋病歧视的现状及其相关因素，为医学院校开展有效的艾滋病反歧视干预提供参考依据。方法采用方便取样方法，于2023年7—8月从江西省5所高校抽取2 484名医学生，采用一般情况调查问卷、艾滋病知识知晓问卷和中文版Zelaya艾滋病歧视量表进行匿名调查。使用独立样本t检验、方差分析方法分析不同特征医学生的艾滋病歧视水平，采用多元线性逐步回归分析艾滋病歧视水平的相关因素。结果医学生艾滋病歧视总分为(2.55±0.67)分；担心感染疾病维度得分最高(2.89±1.01)分。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示，与艾滋病歧视相关的因素包括性别(β=-0.17)、年级(β=-0.08)、是否为独生子女(β=-0.04)、是否知晓艾滋病知识(β=0.22)、性行为时使用安全套意愿(β=0.07)、参加学校性健康知识宣传活动意愿(β=0.05)、认为关注自身身心健康重要程度(β=0.11)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论江西省高校低年级医学生中艾滋病歧视普遍存在。应加大对低年级医学生的人文素质教育和相关知识宣传，降低艾滋病歧视水平。
- 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 /
- 偏见 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the current situation and related factors of AIDS discrimination among junior medical students in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide a reference for effective AIDS anti-discrimination intervention measures in medical colleges. Methods Using a convenience sampling approach, 2 484 medical students were selected from five universities in Jiangxi Province from July to August 2023. An anonymous survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, a AIDS knowledge questionnaire, and the Chinese version of Zelaya's AIDS Stigma Scale. Independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance were carried out to analyze the level of AIDS discrimination among medical students with different characteristics. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed to identify the related factors of AIDS discrimination. Results The total score of AIDS discrimination among medical students was (2.55±0.67). The dimension with the highest score was fear of contracting the disease (2.89±1.01). The results of the multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors related to AIDS discrimination included gender (β=-0.17), grade (β=-0.08), being an only child or not (β=-0.04), whether knowing about AIDS knowledge or not (β=0.22), willingness to use condoms during sexual activity (β=0.07), willingness to participate in school sexual health knowledge-based activities (β=0.05) and the perceived importance of self-health (β=0.11) (P < 0.05). Conclusions AIDS discrimination is prevalent among junior medical students in Jiangxi Province. Efforts should be undertaken to enhance humanistic education and relevant knowledge dissemination among junior medical students to reduce the level of AIDS discrimination.
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome /
- Ageism /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

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表 1 不同组别低年级医学生艾滋病歧视总分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of the total scores of AIDS discrimination among junior medical students in different groups(x±s)

组别	选项	人数	得分	t/F值	P值
性别	男	1 149	2.72±0.68	12.13	＜0.01
	女	1 335	2.40±0.61
年级	大一	1 353	2.61±0.67	5.35	＜0.01
	大二	1 131	2.47±0.65
生源地	城市	895	2.57±0.70	1.27	0.21
	农村	1 589	2.54±0.65
恋爱经历	有	966	2.57±0.70	1.33	0.18
	无	1 518	2.53±0.65
独生子女	是	487	2.62±0.79	2.76	0.01
	否	1 997	2.53±0.63
性行为时是否愿意使用安全套	是	2 265	2.51±0.64	-10.74	＜0.01
	否	219	3.00±0.76
父亲文化程度	高中以下	1 522	2.52±0.63	7.35	＜0.01
	高中	639	2.62±0.69
	本科	284	2.50±0.76
	硕士	23	2.83±0.59
	博士	16	3.13±0.90
母亲文化程度	高中以下	1 827	2.54±0.66	13.08	＜0.01
	高中	454	2.62±0.66
	本科	177	2.38±0.72
	硕士	7	2.31±0.75
	博士	19	3.44±0.69
知晓艾滋病知识	知晓	2 135	2.47±0.64	-16.23	＜0.01
	不知晓	349	3.06±0.62
对疾病与健康方面的知识感兴趣	是	2 118	2.49±0.65	-10.09	＜0.01
	否	366	2.87±0.69
大学教师在课上介绍性健康知识	是	1 909	2.48±0.65	-8.85	＜0.01
	否	575	2.76±0.67
认为关注自身身心健康非常重要	是	2 286	2.50±0.64	-13.41	＜0.01
	否	198	3.14±0.66
愿意参加学校性健康知识宣传活动	是	2 012	2.48±0.65	-10.73	＜0.01
	否	472	2.84±0.65
愿意拨打热线电话咨询性健康知识	是	1 719	2.48±0.66	-8.11	＜0.01
	否	765	2.71±0.67
曾接受校医院等机构发放宣传资料	是	1 675	2.50±0.65	-5.25	＜0.01
	否	809	2.65±0.70

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表 2 低年级医学生艾滋病歧视水平的多元线性逐步回归分析(n=2 484)

Table 2. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis of the level of HIV discrimination among junior medical students(n=2 484)

自变量	B值	标准误	β值	t值	P值
女性	-5.36	0.62	-0.17	-8.63	＜0.01
大二年级	-2.41	0.60	-0.08	-4.05	＜0.01
不知晓艾滋病知识	10.08	0.92	0.22	10.93	＜0.01
认为关注自身身心健康不重要	6.62	1.27	0.11	5.20	＜0.01
性行为时不愿意使用安全套	3.80	1.14	0.07	3.35	＜0.01
不愿意参加学校性健康知识宣传活动	2.20	0.86	0.05	2.57	0.01
非独生子女	-1.59	0.74	-0.04	-2.14	0.03
注：整体模型P＜0.01；自变量性别、年级分别以男性、大一年级为参照，是否独生子女、性行为时是否愿意使用安全套、是否知晓艾滋病知识、是否认为关注自身身心健康非常重要、是否愿意参加学校性健康知识宣传活动均以是为参照。

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