大学生人群无症状性心律失常相关因素分析

高俊英; 韩萌; 曹海英

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024010

大学生人群无症状性心律失常相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024010

1.
河南省中医院/河南中医药大学第二附属医院心内科，郑州 450002
2.
河南中医药大学第一附属医院心内科

详细信息

作者简介:
高俊英(1973- )，女，河南新密人，大学本科，副主任护师，主要研究方向为大学生血压血脂调查分析

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中图分类号: R541.7 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-15
- 修回日期: 2023-12-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-01
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-25

Analysis of influencing factors of asymptomatic arrhythmia in college students

1.
Cardiology Department, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou(450002), Henan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究大学生人群无症状性心律失常的患病情况及影响因素，为大学生无症状性心律失常患者的心率控制和健康管理提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样法，选取2022年9—11月在河南中医药大学第一临床医学院和河南中医药大学第二临床医学院就读的3 012名大学生为研究对象，秋季入学(2022年9月)后对所有大学生进行问卷调查，对比无症状性心律失常者和正常大学生的一般资料和生活习惯，采用Logistic回归分析大学生人群发生无症状性心律失常的影响因素。结果共发现62例无症状性心律失常者，体质量指数(BMI)≥24.0 kg/m²、收缩压(SBP)≥120 mmHg、舒张压(DBP)≥80 mmHg、有心血管疾病家族史、吸烟、饮酒、每周运动锻炼次数<3次、学习压力大、作息不规律、有抑郁倾向、有焦虑倾向者中无症状心律失常的检出率分别为5.58%，4.49%，5.63%，6.18%，4.26%，4.50%，3.72%，4.29%，4.28%，9.15%，9.03%，分别高于BMI<24.0 kg/m²、SBP<120 mmHg、DBP<80 mmHg、无心血管疾病家族史、不吸烟、不饮酒、每周运动锻炼次数≥3次、学习压力不大、作息规律、无抑郁倾向、无焦虑倾向患者中无症状心律失常者的比例(1.20%，1.37%，1.35%，1.53%，1.55%，1.59%，1.27%，1.52%，1.38%，1.71%，1.71%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为45.33，25.20，37.74，32.24，16.69，17.25，19.57，17.83，22.36，37.23，39.42，P值均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，BMI、SBP、DBP偏高，心血管疾病家族史，吸烟，饮酒，运动锻炼次数，学习压力大，作息不规律，抑郁倾向和焦虑倾向均与大学生无症状性心律失常正性相关(P值均<0.05)。结论 BMI、血压偏高，心血管疾病家族史，不良的生活习惯和心理状况均是大学生发生无症状性心律失常的相关因素。合理控制体重和血压，保持良好的生活习惯和心理状态对于预防和改善大学生无症状性心律失常发生具有重要意义。
- 心律失常 /
- 抑郁 /
- 焦虑 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To research the prevalence and influencing factors of asymptomatic arrhythmia among college students, and provide scientific basis for heart rate control and health management of asymptomatic arrhythmia among college students. Methods Using cluster sampling method, 3 012 college students who studied in the First Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research objects from September to November 2022. After entering school in autumn (September in 2022), all college students were investigated by questionnaire, and the general data and living habits of asymptomatic arrhythmia college students and normal college students were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of asymptomatic arrhythmia among college students. Results A total of 62 patients with asymptomatic arrhythmia were found. The detection rates of the patients with body mass index(BMI)≥24.0 kg/m², systolic blood pressure(SBP)≥120 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure(DBP)≥80 mmHg, family history of cardiovascular disease, smoking, drinking, exercising less than three times a week, heavy study pressure, irregular work and rest, depression tendency and anxiety tendency were 5.58%, 4.49%, 5.63%, 6.18%, 4.26%, 4.50%, 3.72%, 4.29%, 4.28%, 9.15%, 9.03%, which were significantly higher than those of patients with BMI<24.0 kg/m², SBP<120 mmHg, DBP<80 mmHg, no family history of cardiovascular disease, no smoking, no drinking, exercise more than three times a week, little study pressure, regular work and rest, no depression tendency and no anxiety tendency (1.20%, 1.37%, 1.35%, 1.53%, 1.55%, 1.59%, 1.27%, 1.52%, 1.38%, 1.71%, 1.71%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=45.33, 25.20, 37.74, 32.24, 16.69, 17.25, 19.57, 17.83, 22.36, 37.23, 39.42, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher of BMI, SBP and DBP, family history of cardiovascular disease, smoking, drinking, times of exercise, heavy study pressure, irregular work and rest, depression tendency and anxiety tendency were positively correlated with asymptomatic arrhythmia of college students (P<0.05). Conclusions The higher of BMI and blood pressure, family history of cardiovascular diseases, bad living habits and psychological status are related to asymptomatic arrhythmia in college students. It is of great significance to control weight and blood pressure reasonably and maintain good living habits and mental state for preventing and improving asymptomatic arrhythmia.
- Arrhythmia /
- Depression /
- Anxiety /
- Regression alaysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别大学生无症状性心律失常检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of asymptomatic arrhythmia in different groups of college students

组别	选项	人数	无症状性心律失常人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 548	33(2.13)	0.09	0.77
	女	1 464	29(1.98)
年龄/岁	≥20	1 384	28(2.02)	0.02	0.90
	<20	1 628	34(2.09)
生源地	城市	1 952	39(2.00)	0.10	0.75
	农村	1 060	23(2.17)
BMI/(kg·m^-2)	≥24.0	591	33(5.58)	45.33	<0.01
	<24.0	2 421	29(1.20)
SBP/mmHg	≥120	668	30(4.49)	25.20	<0.01
	<120	2 344	32(1.37)
DBP/mmHg	≥80	497	28(5.63)	37.74	<0.01
	<80	2 515	34(1.35)
心血管疾病家	有	340	21(6.18)	32.24	<0.01
族史	无	2 672	41(1.53)
吸烟	是	563	24(4.26)	16.69	<0.01
	否	2 449	38(1.55)
饮酒	是	489	22(4.50)	17.25	<0.01
	否	2 523	40(1.59)
每周运动锻炼	<3	967	36(3.72)	19.57	<0.01
次数	≥3	2 045	26(1.27)
学习压力大	是	583	25(4.29)	17.83	<0.01
	否	2 429	37(1.52)
作息不规律	是	701	30(4.28)	22.36	<0.01
	否	2 311	32(1.38)
抑郁倾向	有	142	13(9.15)	37.23	<0.01
	无	2 870	49(1.71)
焦虑倾向	有	155	14(9.03)	39.42	<0.01
	无	2 857	48(1.68)
注：( )内数字为检出率/%；1 mmHg=0.133 kPa。

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表 2 大学生无症状性心律失常发生的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=3 012)

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors on asymptomatic arrhythmia in college students(n=3 012)

自变量	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
BMI	0.68	0.22	9.27	<0.01	1.97(1.27~3.05)
SBP	0.60	0.20	9.47	<0.01	1.83(1.25~2.68)
DBP	0.59	0.21	8.34	<0.01	1.81(1.21~2.70)
心血管疾病家族史	0.44	0.15	8.80	<0.01	1.55(1.16~2.06)
吸烟	0.31	0.13	5.59	0.02	1.37(1.06~1.77)
饮酒	0.56	0.21	6.94	0.01	1.75(1.15~2.66)
每周运动锻炼次数	0.60	0.23	7.18	0.01	1.83(1.18~2.84)
学习压力大	0.71	0.23	9.95	<0.01	2.04(1.31~3.18)
作息不规律	0.67	0.18	13.06	<0.01	1.94(1.36~2.79)
抑郁倾向	0.57	0.21	7.63	0.01	1.77(1.18~2.65)
焦虑倾向	0.58	0.21	7.45	0.01	1.78(1.18~2.69)

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