注意缺陷多动障碍症状与小学生校园欺凌行为的关联

汤珺; 吴旭芳; 周洋; 杨蔚蔚; 张焱; 张莉; 吕娜; 宋然然

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024001

注意缺陷多动障碍症状与小学生校园欺凌行为的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024001

汤珺^{1, 2, 3},
吴旭芳⁴,
周洋¹,
杨蔚蔚^{1, 2},
张焱^{1, 2},
张莉^{1, 2},
吕娜¹,
宋然然^4, ,

1.
湖北省武汉市精神卫生中心，430012
2.
武汉市心理医院儿童青少年心理病区
3.
华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉精神卫生中心
4.
华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系

基金项目:

武汉市卫生健康委员会临床医学科研项目 WX20Z28

详细信息

作者简介:
汤珺(1975- )，女，湖北武汉人，硕士，主任医师，主要研究方向为儿童青少年心理康复与治疗

通讯作者:
宋然然，E-mail：songranran@hust.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R748 B844.1 G478
计量
- 文章访问数: 137
- HTML全文浏览量: 89
- PDF下载量: 25
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-07
- 修回日期: 2023-11-02
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-01
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-25

Association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and bullying behavior in children

TANG Jun^{1, 2, 3},
WU Xufang⁴,
ZHOU Yang¹,
YANG Weiwei^{1, 2},
ZHANG Yan^{1, 2},
ZHANG Li^{1, 2},
LYU Na¹,
SONG Ranran^{4
, ,}

1.
Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan (430012), Hubei Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究小学生校园欺凌行为和注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)症状间的关联以及性别在其中的调节作用，为校园欺凌的防治提供科学依据。方法于2023年3月通过方便抽样的方式选取武汉市2所小学共4 764名小学生作为研究对象，使用Olweus儿童欺负问卷(OBVQ)、长处和困难问卷(SDQ)开展问卷调查。采用Pearson χ²检验比较校园欺凌报告率在有无ADHD症状小学生中的差异，采用Pearson相关分析及Process 3.3程序分析ADHD症状和校园欺凌行为的关联及性别的调节作用。结果小学生受欺凌行为报告率为24.2%，欺凌行为报告率为3.8%，ADHD症状检出率为5.9%。ADHD症状与小学生的欺凌、受欺凌行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.16，0.27，P值均<0.01)。随着ADHD症状的提升，男生的校园欺凌行为较女生呈上升趋势(β_男=0.17，t=11.13；β_女=0.07，t=4.11，P值均<0.01)。结论 ADHD症状是小学生校园欺凌行为的重要相关因素，性别可以调节两者的关联。在防控校园欺凌时，应关注到小学生的ADHD症状和性别差异，实施综合干预措施。
- 注意力缺陷障碍伴多动 /
- 暴力 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 行为 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective The association between school bullying and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among students in primary schools and the moderating role of gender was explored to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of school bullying. Methods A total of 4 764 students from 2 primary schools in Wuhan were selected using the convenience sampling method in March 2023. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were used. A Pearson χ² test was used to compare differences in school bullying rates among children with and without ADHD symptoms. Pearson correlation analysis and Process 3.3 were used to analyse the association between ADHD symptoms, and school bullying behaviour and the moderating role of gender. Results The reported rate of bullying victims in primary schools was 24.2% and the rate of bullying perpetration was 3.8%. The rate of ADHD symptom detection among primary school students was 5.9%. ADHD symptoms were positively associated with bullying and bullying victim behaviour (r=0.16, 0.27, P<0.01). Specifically, the association between ADHD symptoms and bullying behavior tended to be stronger among boys than girls (β_boy=0.17, t=11.13; β_girl=0.07, t=4.11, P<0.01). Conclusions ADHD symptoms are an important factor influencing school bullying behaviors in students, and gender moderates the association. In the process of preventing and controlling school bullying, ADHD symptoms and gender differences should be emphasized and comprehensive interventions should be implemented.
- Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity /
- Violence /
- Mental health /
- Behavior /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 ADHD症状组与正常组小学生不同人口学特征构成比较

Table 1. Comparison of composition ratio of primary students in demographic characteristics between ADHD symptomatic and normal groups

组别	人数	性别^a		家庭经济收入^b					独生子女^a
组别	人数	男	女	很差	较差	一般	较好	很好	是	否
正常组	4 484	2 363(52.7)	2 121(47.3)	33(0.7)	81(1.8)	1 439(32.1)	1 900(42.4)	1 031(23.0)	2 144(47.8)	2 340(52.2)
ADHD症状组	280	161(57.5)	119(42.5)	3(1.1)	22(7.9)	101(36.1)	99(35.4)	55(19.6)	143(51.1)	137(48.9)
χ²/Z值		2.44		3.62					1.12
P值		0.12		<0.01					0.30
注：( )内数字为构成比/%；a为Pearson χ²检验，b为Wilcoxon秩和检验。

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表 2 有无ADHD症状小学生校园欺凌检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of detection rates of school bullying among primary students with and without ADHD symptoms

组别	人数	受欺凌				欺凌他人
组别	人数	躯体受欺凌	语言受欺凌	关系受欺凌	合计	躯体欺凌	语言欺凌	关系欺凌	合计
正常组	4 484	409(9.1)	769(17.1)	449(10.0)	1 009(22.5)	81(1.8)	98(2.2)	64(1.4)	152(3.4)
ADHD症状组	280	49(17.5)	89(31.8)	70(25.0)	142(50.7)	10(3.6)	11(3.9)	11(3.9)	28(10.0)
χ²值		21.3	38.2	61.0	114.5	4.4	3.6	10.6	31.7
P值		<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.04	0.06	<0.01	<0.01
注：( )内数字为检出率/%。

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