北京市某中学初二学生不同体能课练习密度与运动负荷分析

吴枝桂; 常光杰; 季永祺; 丁天翠; 侯莉娟

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.12.015

北京市某中学初二学生不同体能课练习密度与运动负荷分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.12.015

1.
北京师范大学体育与运动学院，北京 100875
2.
北京市三帆中学
3.
北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 NSFC: 31971095

详细信息

作者简介:
吴枝桂(1997-)，男，陕西商洛人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为运动负荷的生理监控

通讯作者:
侯莉娟，E-mail: houlj@bnu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G806 R179 R331.3⁺¹
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-29
- 修回日期: 2023-10-07
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-25

Analysis of exercise density and exercise load in different physical classes for second-year junior high school students from Beijing City

1.
College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing (100875), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究北京初二学生不同体能课的运动强度、有效运动负荷情况，为优化体能课的教学内容、合理调控运动负荷、科学开展体育教学提供参考。方法于2022年10—11月，选取北京市西城区某中学初二30名学生，通过Polar心率采集设备监测体能课心率，采用心率区间和训练冲量(TRIMP)量化运动强度和运动负荷，采用独立样本t检验对不同维度心率差异进行统计分析。结果初二学生体能课平均心率为(140.62±9.41)次/min，有效运动负荷(心率≥120次/min)时间占比为77.2%，中高强度(MVPA)的心率负荷时间占比为51.9%。速度练习、速度耐力练习、耐力练习体能课的平均心率为(137.89±8.82)(137.67±11.27)(145.35±8.98)次/min。体育课男女生的平均心率为(144.22±24.95)(136.31±28.78)次/min，差异无统计学意义(t=4.04，P>0.05)，男、女生有效运动负荷累计时长分别为(34.08±7.52)(28.43±5.39)min。体能课平均TRIMP值为(100.46±16.56)，练习密度为72.06%。结论北京初二学生体能课运动强度适宜，以中高强度为主，MVPA累计时间充足；学生平均心率、练习密度达到要求。应根据学生体质的个体差异科学设置体能课运动负荷，提升中学生体质健康水平。
- 身体锻炼 /
- 课程 /
- 运动活动 /
- 全身负荷 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the exercise intensity and effective exercise load of different physical fitness classes for second-year junior high school students in Beijing, so as to provide a reference for optimizing the teaching content of physical fitness classes, reasonably regulating exercise load and the scientific development of physical fitness. Methods From October to November 2022, 30 second-year junior high school students from a middle school in Xicheng District, Beijing were selected to have their heart rate monitored during physical fitness classes using Polar heart rate monitors. Heart rate intervals and training impulse (TRIMP) were used to quantify exercise intensity and load. Independent sample t-test was used to statistically analyze differences in heart rate across different dimensions. Results The average heart rate of students in physical fitness classes was (140.62±9.41) counts/min, with effective exercise load (heart rates ≥120 counts/min) time accounting for 77.2%, and heart rate load of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time accounting for 51.9%. The average heart rates for speed, speed endurance, and endurance physical fitness classes were (137.89±8.82) (137.67±11.27) and (145.35±8.98) counts/min, respectively. The average heart rates of male and female students in physical education class were (144.22±24.95) and (136.31±28.78) counts/min, and the difference was not statistically significant (t=4.04, P>0.05). The cumulative durations of effective exercise load among male and female students were (34.08±7.52) and (28.43±5.39) min, respectively. The average TRIMP value for physical fitness classes were (100.46±16.56), with a exercise density of 72.06%. Conclusions The exercise intensity of physical fitness classes for second-year junior high school students in Beijing is appropriate, mainly with moderate to vigorous intensity, and the accumulated time of MVPA is sufficient. The average heart rate and exercise density of students meet the requirements. Scientific setting of physical fitness class exercise load should be based on individual differences in students' physical fitness, in order to improve the physical health level of middle school students.
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Curriculum /
- Motor activity /
- Body burden /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 初二学生体能课心率变化情况

Figure 1. Changes of HR in physical fitness class of second-year junior high school students

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 初二学生不同内容体能课心率变化

Figure 2. HR changes in different physical classes of second-year junior high school students

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同性别学生体能课平均心率(x±s, 次/min)

Table 1. Average heart rate in physical education for students of different genders (x±s, counts/min)

性别	人数	速度练习	速度耐力练习	耐力练习	总计
女	15	135.65±8.74	132.03±9.67	140.69±9.37	136.31±28.78
男	15	140.15±8.59	142.55±10.46	150.35±5.22	144.22±24.95
合计	30	137.89±8.82	137.67±11.27	145.35±8.98	140.62±9.41

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表 2 不同教学内容体能课不同运动强度心率负荷累计时间占比/%

Table 2. The proportion of the cumulative time of different exercise intensity load in different teaching contents/%

体能课	不同运动强度心率负荷累计时间占比					有效运动负荷占比
体能课	很小强度	小强度	中等强度	高强度	极限强度	有效运动负荷占比
速度练习	21.9	25.7	30.8	18.1	3.5	78.1
速度耐力	25.2	27.3	24.4	15.6	7.5	74.8
耐力练习	20.3	24.4	25.2	18.4	11.7	78.6

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同教学内容体能课TRIMP(x±s)

Table 3. TRIMP Comparison among different physical education courses (x±s)

体能课	很小强度	小强度	中等强度	高强度	极限强度	TRIMP
速度练习	4.76±1.19	20.56±9.84	37.02±12.75	28.64±10.08	6.90±2.79	97.88±11.45
速度耐力	6.20±2.31	21.88±7.14	29.06±10.66	23.12±6.40	15.00±4.26	95.26±9.16
耐力练习	5.60±1.03	19.64±6.32	30.18±9.79	29.36±7.28	23.30±5.13	108.80±14.54

下载: 导出CSV

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