网球运动对小学生视力健康的实证研究

韩金明; 樊泽民; 王会会; 邱程; 饶子龙; 刘洋; 韩起峋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.12.010

网球运动对小学生视力健康的实证研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.12.010

韩金明¹,
樊泽民²,
王会会^3, ,,
邱程⁴,
饶子龙¹,
刘洋⁵,
韩起峋⁶

1.
北京教育学院体育与艺术教育学院，北京 100009
2.
教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司
3.
遵义医科大学体育与健康学院
4.
中国人民公安大学警体战训学院
5.
中国人民大学附属中学丰台学校
6.
北京大兴区教师进修学校

基金项目:

北京市教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度青年专项课题项目 CECA2020100

详细信息

作者简介:
韩金明(1990-)，男，河南周口人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为视力健康促进和学校体育学

通讯作者:
王会会，E-mail：1304014776@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G806 R778.1⁺¹ R179
计量
- 文章访问数: 436
- HTML全文浏览量: 215
- PDF下载量: 62
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-18
- 修回日期: 2023-09-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-25

An empirical study on the effect of tennis sports on visual health of primary school students

1.
Faculty of Physical and Art Education, Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing (100009), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究网球运动对小学三年级学生视力健康的影响, 为采取有效措施预防近视的发生提供依据。方法于2021年9月选取北京市人大附中丰台学校三年级学生共202名, 随机分为干预组75名和对照组127名, 两组除参加相同的文化课程和体育课程外, 干预组另外每周增加2次网球课程, 并在干预前(2021年9月)、中(2022年1月)、后(2022年6月)对其进行视力测试。干预方法和不同时间点测量的资料为重复资料两因素多水平的分析, 区组间比较采用独立样本t检验, 时间点因素的分析采用单因素重复测量方差分析。结果干预后, 男生第3次视力测试干预组左眼和右眼平均视力均高于对照组(左眼: 5.00±0.13, 4.88±0.29;右眼: 5.00±0.12, 4.88±0.30, t值分别为2.33, 2.36, P值均 < 0.05)。女生第2次视力测试(左眼: 5.03±0.17, 4.86±0.21;右眼: 5.03±0.15, 4.85±0.23)和第3次视力测试(左眼: 4.97±0.13, 4.81±0.23;右眼: 4.97±0.14, 4.82±0.24), 干预组左眼和右眼平均视力均高于对照组(第2次: t值分别为3.84, 3.87;第3次: t值分别为3.70, 3.46, P值均 < 0.01)。干预后对照组男、女生视力不良检出率在3次测试中均升高, 差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为17.86, 34.77, P值均 < 0.01)。第1次视力测试, 男、女生的对照组和干预组视力不良检出率的差异均无统计学意义(χ²值分别为0.01, 0.10, P值均>0.05);干预组男生第3次视力检出不良率低于对照组(20.00%, 45.45%), 干预组女生第2, 3次视力不良检出率均低于对照组(22.86%, 54.00%;28.57%, 70.00%)(χ²值分别为7.34;8.24, 14.18, P值均 < 0.01)。结论网球运动在一定程度上可以缓解或预防小学生近视的发生。应积极推广网球运动等体育运动, 以保护小学生视力健康。
- 运动活动 /
- 视力，低 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the impact of tennis on the visual health of primary school students, so as to provide a basis for myopia prevention. Methods In September 2021, a total of 202 third grade students from Fengtai Affiliated School of Renmin University of China in Beijing were recruited, with 75 students in the intervention group and 127 students in the control group.In addition to attending the same cultural and physical education courses, the intervention group added a tennis course twice a week and tested their vision before the intervention (September 2021), middle (January 2022) and later (June 2022).Data collected at different time points in the two groups were analyzed by using independent sample t-test for comparison between blocks, and single-factor repeated measurement ANOVA for analysis of time point factors. Results After intervention, among male subjects, the average visual acuity of the left and right eyes in the intervention group were higher than that in the control group at the third visual acuity test (left eye: 5.00±0.13, 4.88±0.29, right eye: 5.00±0.12, 4.88±0.30, t=2.33, 2.36, P < 0.05).Among female subjects, the second visual acuity test (left eye: 5.03±0.17, 4.86±0.21, right eye: 5.03±0.15, 4.85±0.23) and the third visual acuity test (left eye: 4.97±0.13, 4.81±0.23, right eye: 4.97±0.14, 4.82±0.24) showed that the average visual acuity of the left and right eyes in the intervention group were higher than that in the control group among females (second: t=3.84, 3.87, third: t=3.70, 3.46, P < 0.01).After intervention, the detection rate of visual impairment in both males and females control groups increased at three tests, with statistically significant differences (χ²=17.86, 34.77, P < 0.01).In the first visual acuity test, there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of visual impairment between the control group and the intervention group for both males and females (χ²=0.01, 0.10, P>0.05).The third visual impairment detection rate of males in the intervention group was lower than that of the control group (20.00% vs 45.45%), while the second and third visual impairment detection rates of female students in the intervention group were lower than those of the control group (22.86% vs 54.00%;28.57% vs 70.00%)(χ²=7.34, 8.24, 14.18, P < 0.01). Conclusions Tennis can alleviate and prevent the occurrence of myopia in primary school students to a certain extent.Sports such as tennis should be actively promoted to protect the visual health of primary school students.
- Motor activity /
- Vision, low /
- Intervention studies /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同测试时间男生视力指标比较(x ±s)

Table 1. Comparison of visual in schoolboys for different testing times(x ±s)

测试时间	左眼				右眼
测试时间	对照组(n=77)	干预组(n=40)	t值	P值	对照组(n=77)	干预组(n=40)	t值	P值
第1次	5.05±0.18	5.06±0.16	-0.05	0.96	5.06±0.19	5.08±0.11	-0.66	0.51
第2次	4.97±0.30	5.03±0.18	-1.05	0.30	4.96±0.32	5.05±0.14	-1.53	0.13
第3次	4.88±0.29	5.00±0.13	-2.33	0.02	4.88±0.30	5.00±0.12	-2.36	0.02
F值	32.03	6.00			35.22	12.47
P值	< 0.01	< 0.01			< 0.01	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同测试时间女生视力指标比较(x ±s)

Table 2. Comparison of visual in schoolgirls for different testing times(x ±s)

测试时间	左眼				右眼
测试时间	对照组(n=50)	干预组(n=35)	t值	P值	对照组(n=50)	干预组(n=35)	t值	P值
第1次	5.01±0.09	5.05±0.16	-1.46	0.15	5.01±0.09	5.05±0.15	-1.64	0.11
第2次	4.86±0.21	5.03±0.17	-3.84	< 0.01	4.85±0.23	5.03±0.15	-3.87	< 0.01
第3次	4.81±0.23	4.97±0.13	-3.70	< 0.01	4.82±0.24	4.97±0.14	-3.46	< 0.01
F值	40.19	30.91			36.95	16.05
P值	< 0.01	< 0.01			< 0.01	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同测试时间学生视力不良检出率比较

Table 3. Comparion of the detection rates of visual impairment among students for different testing times

测试时间	男生				女生
测试时间	对照组(n=77)	干预组(n=40)	χ²值	P值	对照组(n=50)	干预组(n=35)	χ²值	P值
第1次	11(14.29)	6(15.00)	0.01	0.92	6(12.00)	5(14.29)	0.10	0.76
第2次	23(29.87)	7(17.50)	2.11	0.15	27(54.00)	8(22.86)	8.24	< 0.01
第3次	35(45.45)	8(20.00)	7.34	0.01	35(70.00)	10(28.57)	14.18	< 0.01
χ²值	17.86	0.35			34.77	2.12
P值	< 0.01	0.56			< 0.01	0.15
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(23)

[1]	中华人民共和国教育部等八部门关于印发《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》的通知[EB/OL]. (2018-08-30)[2023-11-01]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A17/moe_943/s3285/201808/t20180830_346672.html. Notice of eight departments including the Ministry of Education of the PRC on issuing the Implementation Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Adolescents[EB/OL]. (2018-08-30)[2023-11-01]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A17/moe_943/s3285/201808/t20180830_346672.html. (in Chinese)
[2]	崔新雯, 李良, 张斌, 等. 我国体育运动学校学生视力健康状况及相关因素分析[J]. 体育科学, 2022, 42(8): 66-73. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYKX202208006.htm CUI X W, LI L, ZHANG B, et al. Investigation of the visual health and related factors in the students of Chinese sports school[J]. Chin Sport Sci, 2022, 42(8): 66-73. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYKX202208006.htm
[3]	潘景玲, 蔡赓, 殷荣宾, 等. 视力康复背景下体育锻炼与儿童动态视力关系研究及启示[J]. 体育科研, 2019, 40(1): 90-95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYKA201901012.htm PAN J L, CAI G, YIN R B, et al. Research on and enlightenment of the relationship between physical exercise and children's dynamic vision under the background of vision rehabilitation[J]. Sport Sci Res, 2019, 40(1): 90-95. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYKA201901012.htm
[4]	王思佳, 李佑发, 李爱华, 等. 户外体育活动影响小学生视力健康的追踪干预研究[J]. 首都体育学院学报, 2021, 33(6): 679-685. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BTSF202106013.htm WANG S J, LI Y F, LI A H, et al. A follow-up intervention study on visual health of primary school students affected by outdoor physical activities[J]. J Capital Univ Phys Educ Sports, 2021, 33(6): 679-685. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BTSF202106013.htm
[5]	TAKAMI A, GOYA R, AOYAMA C, et al. Daily fluctuations in visual motion discriminability contribute to daily fluctuations in continuous visuomotor performance[J]. Front Sports Act Living, 2022, 4: 1009763. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1009763
[6]	ZHU X J, LI Y H, LIU L Q. Functional significance of stereopsis in professional table-tennis players[J]. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 2019, 59(11): 1798-1804.
[7]	LUO J, HU Y, DAVIDS K, et al. Vision-based movement recognition reveals badminton player footwork using deep learning and binocular positioning[J]. Heliyon, 2022, 8(8): e10089.
[8]	孙雷. 儿童动态视力的发育特点及其与静态视力关系的研究[D]. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019. SUN L. Study on the developmental characteristics of children's kinetic visual acuity and Its relationship with static visual acuity[D]. Suzhou: Soochow University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[9]	陶芳标. 学校近视防治要重视近视源性环境的改善[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2013, 34(11): 1281-1283. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201311001 TAO F B. Attention should be paid to improving the myopic environment for myopia prevention and treatment in schools[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2013, 34(11): 1281-1283. (in Chinese) http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201311001
[10]	李泳昭. 基于学生健康价值观念下利用网球运动有效预防视力退化研究分析[J]. 体育世界(学术版), 2016(12): 174-176. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYSJ201612130.htm LI Y Z. Research and analysis on the effective prevention of visual degeneration through tennis exercise based on student health values[J]. Sports World (Acad Edit), 2016 (12): 174-176. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYSJ201612130.htm
[11]	中华人民共和国卫生部, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 学生健康检查技术规范: GB/T 26343—2010[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2011-12-30. Ministry of Health of the PRC, National Standardization Administration of China. Technical standard for physical examination for students: GB/T 26343-2010[S]. Beijing: China Standards Publishing House, 2011-12-30. (in Chinese)
[12]	张敏敏. 篮球练习联合健康教育对水平二学生视力防控作用的研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2022. ZHANG M M. A study on the role of basketball practice combined with health education in visual prevention and control of level two students[D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2022. (in Chinese)
[13]	于明明, 李宁川, 石根, 等. 体育运动对视力影响的Meta分析[J]. 湖北体育科技, 2021, 40(10): 901-907. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYKJ202110012.htm YU M M, LI N C, SHI G, et al. Meta-analysis of effects of physical activity on visual acuity[J]. J Hubei Sports Sci, 2021, 40(10): 901-907. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYKJ202110012.htm
[14]	戴园园, 叶合双. 羽毛球运动对儿童视力不良干预的效果评价[J]. 西安文理学院学报(自然科学版), 2020, 23(4): 120-123. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XAJY202004026.htm DAI Y Y, YE H S. Evaluation of the effect of badminton on the intervention of poor eyesight in children[J]. J Xi'an Univ(Nat Sci Edit), 2020, 23(4): 120-123. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XAJY202004026.htm
[15]	ZHANG Y, YANG T, GUAN H, et al. Factors influencing post-screening visits of students to local vision centres in rural northwest China[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2022, 105(8): 865-871. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1988521
[16]	NUNES A F, LEITÃO M A, NUNES A S, et al. Eye discomfort at close work in Portuguese university students: a comparative analysis between the pre-COVID and confinement period[J]. Work, 2023, 75(2): 423-431. doi: 10.3233/WOR-220172
[17]	薛海平. "双减"政策实施的现实困境与优化路径[J]. 教育发展研究, 2022, 42(22): 3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHGJ202222012.htm XUE H P. The realistic dilemma and optimization path of the implementation of the Double Reduction policy[J]. Res Educ Dev, 2022, 42(22): 3. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHGJ202222012.htm
[18]	LIANG Y B, LIN Z, VASUDEVAN B, et al. Outdoor activity exhibit protective effect for myopia in children having a moderate near workload[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2013, 54(15): 5698.
[19]	JONAS J B, XU L, WEI W B, et al. Myopia in China: a population based cross-sectional, histological, and experimental study[J]. Lancet, 2016, 388: S20.
[20]	YUROVA O V, ANDJELOVA D V, CHAYKA A A. The influence of physical loads on the functional parameters of the eyes in the children and adolescents regularly engaged in sports activities[J]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, 2017, 94(3): 44-48. doi: 10.17116/kurort201794344-48
[21]	ZHANG Z Y. The effect of the table tennis practiced on 7-8 years old myopia children' visual acuity[M]. Taiyuan: Shanxi Normal University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[22]	SUHR T A, LUNDBERG K, GRAUSLUND J. Physical activity in relation to development and progression of myopia-asystematic review[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2017, 95 (7): 651-659. doi: 10.1111/aos.13316
[23]	YIN R, XU J, WANG H, et al. Effect of physical activity combined with extra ciliary-muscle training on visual acuity of children aged 10-11[J]. Front Public Health, 2022, 10: 949130. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.949130