父母体重和儿童青少年生命早期因素对其超重肥胖的影响

于琼; 李瑞凤; 云瑞芬; 曹璞丽; 刘冬; 蒙娇阳; 李建英

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.11.030

父母体重和儿童青少年生命早期因素对其超重肥胖的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.11.030

内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院儿内科，呼和浩特 010020

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区卫生健康委医疗卫生科技计划项目 202201135

详细信息

作者简介:
于琼(1983-)，女，辽宁义县人，硕士，副主任医师，主要研究方向为小儿消化系统疾病

通讯作者:
李建英，E-mail：nmliulianjie@sohu.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R723.14 R179 Q983^+.23
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-21
- 修回日期: 2023-09-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-25

Effect of parental weight and early life factors on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents

Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot (010020), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究儿童青少年超重肥胖的风险与其生命早期因素以及父母体重的关联，为防制儿童青少年超重肥胖提供理论依据。方法于2022年6月1—30日，采用分层随机整群抽样方法在呼和浩特市抽取5 370名中小学生，使用问卷调查收集信息，并就父母体质量指数(BMI)和儿童青少年生命早期因素对其超重肥胖影响使用多元Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果中小学生超重肥胖率为32.2%，男生超重肥胖率为37.8%，高于女生的26.1%(χ²=84.59，P <0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，仅父亲超重(OR=1.52，95%CI=1.30~1.77)、仅母亲超重(OR=1.61，95%CI=1.31~1.97)、父母均超重(OR=2.42，95%CI=2.03~2.87)的儿童青少年超重肥胖风险较高(P值均 <0.01)。高出生体重(OR=1.29，95%CI=1.08~1.55)，剖宫产(OR=1.32，95%CI=1.17~1.48)，母亲孕期增重过多(OR=1.24，95%CI=1.06~1.46)的儿童青少年超重肥胖风险较高(P值均 <0.05)。结论父母超重、母亲孕期体重增长过多、剖宫产、出生体重过高均与儿童青少年超重肥胖的风险增高相关，在肥胖的防制中应予以关注。
- 体重 /
- 生命周期各时期 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To investigate the association of the risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents with their early life factors and parental weight. Methods From June 1 to June 30 of 2022, the stratified randomized cluster sampling method was used to collect information using questionnaires from 5 370 primary and secondary school students in Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and multivariate analysis were performed using multiple Logistic regression model estimation in a generalized linear model for parental BMI and early life factors in children and adolescents. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 32.2%, and the prevalence of overweight/obesity among male students was 37.8%, which was higher than that of female students 26.1% (χ²=84.59, P <0.01). The results of the multirariate Logistic regression anaysis showed that the prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in only paternal overweight (OR=1.52, 95%CI=1.30-1.77), only maternal overweight (OR=1.61, 95%CI=1.31-1.97), and parentl overweight (OR=2.42, 95%CI=2.03-2.87)(P <0.05). The risk of overweight/obesity was higher in children with high birth weight (OR=1.29, 95%CI=1.08-1.55), children born by caesarean section (OR=1.32, 95%CI=1.17-1.48), and children whose mothers gained excessive weight during pregnancy (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.06-1.46), and the results were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Overweight parents, excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy, cesarean delivery, and high birth weight are associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. Attention should be paid to these aspects in obesity prevention and control.
- Body weight /
- Life cycle stages /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Adolescent
注释:

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表 1 不同组别呼和浩特市儿童青少年超重肥胖率比较

Table 1. Comparison of overweight and obesity rates among children and adolescents in Hohhot in different groups

组别	人数	超重肥胖人数	χ²值	P值	组别	人数	超重肥胖人数	χ²值	P值
性别					是否经常吃甜食
男	2 788	1 055(37.8)	84.59	<0.01	经常	1 647	560(34.0)	3.68	0.16
女	2 582	674(26.1)			有时	2 216	701(31.6)
年龄/岁					很少	1 507	468(31.1)
6~9	2 147	734(34.2)	24.06	<0.01	是否经常吃油炸类食品
10~12	1 919	647(33.7)			经常	581	221(38.0)	10.84	<0.01
13~17	1 304	348(26.7)			有时	2 153	691(32.1)
民族					很少	2 636	817(31.0)
汉族	4 224	1 340(31.7)	3.88	0.27	是否经常喝含糖饮料
蒙古族	929	321(34.6)			经常	669	246(36.8)	18.18	<0.01
回族	61	16(26.2)			有时	1 837	631(34.3)
其他	156	52(33.3)			很少	2 864	852(29.7)
是否喜欢吃谷类食物					是否经常吃各种零食
喜欢	2 468	901(36.5)	43.72	<0.01	经常	885	275(31.1)	1.70	0.43
一般	2 750	797(29.0)			有时	1 955	650(33.2)
不喜欢	152	31(20.4)			很少	2 530	804(31.8)
是否喜欢吃肉类食物					父母是否超重肥胖
喜欢	2 622	961(36.7)	62.09	<0.01	均不超重肥胖	1 376	319(23.2)	117.81	<0.01
一般	2 254	667(29.6)			仅父亲超重肥胖	2 150	681(31.7)
不喜欢	494	101(20.4)			仅母亲超重肥胖	681	225(33.0)
喜欢吃哪种肉类					均超重肥胖	1 163	504(43.3)
红肉类	4 107	1 329(32.4)	8.86	0.01	出生体重
白肉类	1 181	362(30.7)			低出生体重	363	110(30.3)	16.19	<0.01
肥肉	82	38(46.3)			正常出生体重	4 408	1 383(31.4)
是否喜欢吃蔬菜					高出生体重	599	236(39.4)
喜欢	1 782	599(33.6)	2.56	0.28	出生6个月喂养方式
一般	2 484	778(31.3)			纯母乳喂养	3 443	1 102(32.0)	1.11	0.57
不喜欢	1 104	352(31.9)			混合喂养	1 150	384(33.4)
是否喜欢吃水果					奶粉喂养	777	243(31.3)
喜欢	2 822	884(31.3)	4.42	0.13	出生方式
一般	2 255	737(32.7)			顺产	3 021	876(29.0)	32.40	<0.01
不喜欢	293	108(36.9)			剖宫产	2 349	853(36.3)
是否喜欢喝牛奶酸奶					母亲孕期增重
喜欢	3 037	1 050(34.6)	20.97	<0.01	过少	1 626	501(30.8)	21.24	<0.01
一般	1 922	574(29.9)			适宜	2 800	864(30.9)
不喜欢	411	105(25.5)			过多	944	364(38.6)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 呼和浩特儿童青少年超重肥胖相关因素的Logistic回归分析(n=5 370)

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of the related factors to overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hohhot(n=5 370)

自变量	选项	β值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
父母超重肥胖	均不超重/肥胖			1.00
	仅父亲超重肥胖	0.42	<0.01	1.52(1.30~1.77)
	仅母亲超重肥胖	0.47	<0.01	1.61(1.31~1.97)
	均超重肥胖	0.88	<0.01	2.42(2.03~2.87)
出生体重	正常出生体重			1.00
	低出生体重	-0.03	0.81	0.97(0.76~1.23)
	高出生体重	0.26	<0.01	1.29(1.08~1.55)
出生方式	顺产			1.00
	剖宫产	0.27	<0.01	1.32(1.17~1.48)
出生6个月喂养方式	纯母乳喂养			1.00
	混合喂养	0.05	0.49	1.05(0.91~1.22)
	奶粉喂养	-0.06	0.52	0.95(0.80~1.12)
母亲孕期增重	正常			1.00
	过少	0.01	0.88	1.01(0.88~1.16)
	过多	0.22	<0.01	1.24(1.06~1.46)

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