青少年社会适应能力与体育锻炼及心理健康的交叉滞后分析

秦国阳; 贾巍; 秦勇

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.11.012

青少年社会适应能力与体育锻炼及心理健康的交叉滞后分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.11.012

秦国阳¹,
贾巍²,
秦勇^3, ,

1.
山东师范大学体育学院，济南 250358
2.
济南市教育局体育卫生与艺术教育处
3.
济南市历下区教育和体育局体育教研室

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金项目 17BTY072

山东省教育科学“十三五”规划课题 XJ15043

山东省教育科学研究项目 22SJ152

详细信息

作者简介:
秦国阳(1998-)，男，山东济南人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为体育教育训练学

通讯作者:
秦勇，E-mail: 2021020265@stu.sdnu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B844.2 G806 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-30
- 修回日期: 2023-10-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-25

Cross-lagged analysis of adolescent social adaptability, physical exercise and mental health

QIN Guoyang¹,
JIA Wei²,
QIN Yong^{3
, ,}

1.
School of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan (250358), Shandong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨青少年社会适应能力与体育锻炼及心理健康之间的作用机制，为促进青少年社会适应能力提升及身心健康发展提供理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法，于2021年9月(T1)、2022年1月(T2)和2022年6月(T3)对山东省济南市1 163名中小学生的社会适应能力、体育锻炼及心理健康水平进行纵向追踪调查数据，通过交叉滞后分析青少年社会适应能力、体育锻炼与心理健康的关系。结果青少年体育锻炼和心理健康在T1、T2、T3上的性别差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-3.83，-3.43，-4.59；-12.45，-8.93，-8.72，P值均 < 0.01)，且男生体育锻炼和心理健康水平均优于女生；而社会适应能力(T1、T2、T3)的性别差异均无统计学意义(Z值分别为-0.79，-1.19，-1.34，P值均>0.05)。青少年在社会适应能力、体育锻炼和心理健康上存在稳定、同步的正相关性(r=0.18~0.67，r=0.12~0.68，P值均 < 0.01)；青少年体育锻炼、心理健康均可以跨时间预测社会适应能力(β_T1-T2值分别为0.25，0.13；β_T2-T3值分别为0.25，0.06，P值均 < 0.05)，且心理健康在体育锻炼对社会适应能力的影响路径上存在中介效应(β=0.14，P < 0.05)。结论青少年体育锻炼、心理健康与社会适应能力之间存在纵向因果关系。应加强青少年体育锻炼、提高青少年心理健康水平，从而有效提升青少年社会适应水平。
- 社会适应 /
- 身体锻炼 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationships among social adaptation, physical exercise, and mental health of adolescents, so as to provide theoretical basis for social adaptation and mental health improvement. Methods Longitudinal follow-up survey data were collected from 1 163 adolescents in Jinan City, Shandong Province in September 2021 (T1), January 2022 (T2), and June 2022 (T3) by cluster random sampling method. The relationship between social adaptability, physical exercise, and mental health of adolescents was analyzed through cross lagged analysis. Results There were significant sex differences in physical exercise and mental health among adolescents on T1, T2, and T3 (Z=-3.83, -3.43, -4.59; -12.45, -8.93, -8.72, P < 0.01), with male students had more physical exercise [35(28, 42), 36(33, 42), 38(35, 43)] and better mental health [12(12, 17), 17(17, 21), 14(14, 26)] levels than female students [33(27, 40), 35(31, 40), 36(33, 41); 9(9, 12), 12(12, 23), 12(12, 23)]. No similar sex difference in social adaptability (T1, T2, T3) [male: 22 (14, 24), 22 (14, 24), 22 (16, 24); female: 21 (11, 23), 20 (14, 24), 22 (17, 24)] (Z=-0.79, -1.19, -1.34, P>0.05). Temporal and synchronous correlations were found in social adaptability, physical exercise and mental health (r=0.18-0.67, 0.12-0.68, P < 0.01). Teenager physical exercise and mental health could predict social adaptability across time (β_T1-T2=0.25, 0.13; β_T2-T3=0.25, 0.06, P < 0.05), with a mediating effect on the impact path of physical exercise on social adaptability in psychological health (β=0.14, P < 0.05). Conclusions There is a causal relationship between physical exercise, mental health, and social adaptability among adolescents. Encouraging adolescents to actively participate in physical exercise and promoting mental health can effectively enhance their social adaptability.
- Social adjustment /
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Mental health /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 青少年社会适应能力、体育锻炼与心理健康的交叉滞后效应模型

Figure 1. A cross lagged effect model of adolescent social adaptability, physical exercise and mental health

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表 1 不同性别青少年不同测试时间社会适应能力、体育锻炼及心理健康量表得分比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅)]

Table 1. Comparison of social adaptability, physical exercise and mental health scale scores among teenagers of different genders at different test times[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]

性别	人数	社会适应T1	体育锻炼T1	心理健康T1	社会适应T2	体育锻炼T2	心理健康T2	社会适应T3	体育锻炼T3	心理健康T3
男	595	22(14, 24)	35(28, 42)	12(12, 17)	22(14, 24)	36(33, 42)	17(17, 21)	22(16, 24)	38(35, 43)	14(14, 26)
女	568	21(11, 23)	33(27, 40)	9(9, 12)	20(14, 24)	35(31, 40)	12(12, 23)	22(17, 24)	36(33, 41)	12(12, 23)
合计	1 163	22(13, 24)	34(27, 41)	12(9, 14)	22(14, 24)	36(32, 41)	16(12, 22)	22(16, 24)	37(33, 43)	14(13, 24)
Z值		-0.79	-3.83	-12.45	-1.19	-3.43	-8.93	-1.34	-4.59	-8.72
P值		0.43	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.24	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.18	< 0.01	< 0.01

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表 2 青少年社会适应能力、体育锻炼及心理健康的相关系数(r值，n=1 163)

Table 2. Correlation coefficient between adolescents' social adaptability, physical exercise and mental health(r, n=1 163)

变量	社会适应T1	体育锻炼T1	心理健康T1	社会适应T2	体育锻炼T2	心理健康T2	社会适应T3	体育锻炼T3
体育锻炼T1	0.63
心理健康T1	0.50	0.12
社会适应T2	0.59	0.54	0.15
体育锻炼T2	0.65	0.58	0.19	0.68
心理健康T2	0.39	0.35	0.18	0.19	0.26
社会适应T3	0.67	0.45	0.49	0.43	0.44	0.17
体育锻炼T3	0.64	0.64	0.15	0.54	0.67	0.59	0.40
心理健康T3	0.29	0.31	0.18	0.41	0.60	0.24	0.17	0.46
注：P值均 < 0.01。

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