Research progress in the effects of parent-child separation on depression among left-behind children
-
摘要: 与普通儿童相比,经历亲子分离的留守儿童受到父母的关心和照顾更少,更容易出现认知与行为适应问题,导致其罹患抑郁的风险更高。研究系统阐述了亲子分离类型、分离时长和分离年龄对留守儿童抑郁问题的影响,并使用依恋理论、人际关系理论、归因理论和行为理论对亲子分离如何影响留守儿童的抑郁问题进行了解释,以期为开展相关研究与留守儿童心理健康教育提供参考。Abstract: Compared with normal children, left-behind children who experience parent-child separation receive less care and attention from their parents, and are more likely to have cognitive and behavioral adaptation problems, thus leading to an elevated risk of depression. The study systematically examines the effects of parent-child separation type, separation duration and separation age on depression among left-behind children. Attachment theory, interpersonal relationship, theory attribution theory and behavior theory have been used to explain how parent-child separation influences depression among left-behind children, so as to provide reference for relevant research and mental health education for left-behind children.
-
Key words:
- Parent-child relations /
- Anxiety, separation /
- Depression /
- Child
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。 -
[1] LU J, XU X, HUANG Y, et al. Prevalence of depressive disorders and treatment in China: a cross-sectional epidemiological study[J]. Lancet Psychiatry, 2021, 8(11): 981-990. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00251-0 [2] 傅小兰, 张侃, 陈雪峰, 等. 中国国民心理健康发展报告(2019—2020)[M]. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社, 2021.FU X L, ZHANG K, CHEN X F, et al. Report on national mental health development in China(2019-2020)[M]. Beijing: Social Science Academic Press, 2021. (in Chinese) [3] BELFER M L. Child and adolescent mental disorders: the magnitude of the problem across the globe[J]. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2008, 49(3): 226-236. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01855.x [4] 范兴华, 朱素平, 黄亚丹, 等. 留守儿童歧视知觉与行为适应: 个人成长主动性的中介与调节作用[J]. 应用心理学, 2023. DOI: 10.10058/j.cnki.cjap.022223.FAN X H, ZHU S P, HUANG Y D, et al. Relationship between perceived discrimination and behavior adaptation among the left-behind children: personal growth initiative as a mediator and moderator[J]. Chin J Appl Psychol, 2023. DOI: 10.10058/j.cnki.cjap.022223.(inChinese) [5] LING H, FU E, ZHANG J. Effects of separation age and separation duration among left-behind children in China[J]. Soc Behav Person, 2015, 43(2): 241-253. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2015.43.2.241 [6] 林茂. 亲子分离条件下留守儿童自我保护的建构[J]. 甘肃行政学院学报, 2019(3): 101-108. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-4997.2019.03.010LIN M. How to construct self-protection for left-behind children in the situation of parent-child separation[J]. J Gansu Administr Institut, 2019(3): 101-108. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-4997.2019.03.010 [7] WANG J, ZOU J, LUO J, et al. Mental health symptoms among rural adolescents with different parental migration experiences: a cross-sectional study in China[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2019, 279: 220-230. [8] 王晓丽, 胡心怡, 申继亮. 农村留守儿童友谊质量与孤独感、抑郁的关系研究[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2011, 19(2): 252-254. doi: 10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2011.02.024WANG X L, HU X Y, SHEN J L. Affection of left-behind children's friendship quality on loneliness and depression[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2011, 19(2): 252-254. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2011.02.024 [9] 范兴华, 方晓义, 黄月胜, 等. 父母关爱对农村留守儿童抑郁的影响机制: 追踪研究[J]. 心理学报, 2018, 50(9): 1029-1040. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXB201809010.htmFAN X H, FANG X Y, HUANG Y S, et al. The influence mechanism of parental care on depression among left-behind rural children in China: a longitudinal study[J]. Acta Psychol Sinica, 2018, 50(9): 1029-1040. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXB201809010.htm [10] 傅王倩, 张磊, 王达. 初中留守儿童歧视知觉及其与问题行为的关系: 社会支持的中介作用[J]. 中国特殊教育, 2016(1): 42-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3728.2016.01.007FU W Q, ZHANG L, WANG D. The discrimination perceived by left-at-home junior high school students in rural areas and its relationship with their problem behaviors: the mediating effect of social support[J]. Chin J Spec Educ, 2016(1): 42-47. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3728.2016.01.007 [11] 赵景欣, 申继亮. 留守烦恼的认知评价与农村留守儿童的抑郁、孤独[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2011, 19(4): 515-517. doi: 10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2011.04.022ZHAO J X, SHEN J L. Relationship between cognitive appraisals for left-home hassles, depression and loneliness in rural left-home-children[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2011, 19(4): 515-517. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2011.04.022 [12] LIU Z, LI X, GE X. Left too early: the effects of age at separation from parents on Chinese rural children's symptoms of anxiety and depression[J]. Am J Public Health, 2009, 99(11): 2049-2054. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.150474 [13] CHENG J, SUN Y H. Depression and anxiety among left-behind children in China: a systematic review[J]. Child Care Health Dev, 2015, 41(4): 515-523. doi: 10.1111/cch.12221 [14] 张艺涵, 张婷, 赵景欣. 歧视知觉与农村留守青少年的孤独感: 亲子分离年龄和分离时长的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(1): 90-99. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLFZ202201011.htmZHANG Y H, ZHANG T, ZHAO J X. The relationship between perceived discrimination and left-behind adolescent's loneliness: the moderating roles of separation age and separation duration[J]. Psychol Dev Educ, 2022, 38(1): 90-99. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLFZ202201011.htm [15] QUALTER P, BROWN SL, MUNN P, et al. Childhood loneliness as a predictor of adolescent depressive symptoms: an 8-year longitudinal study[J]. Europ Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2010, 19(6): 493-501. doi: 10.1007/s00787-009-0059-y [16] BOWLBY J. Attachment and loss: volume ii: separation, anxiety and anger[M]. London: the Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-analysis, 1973: 1-429. [17] BOWLBY J. Developmental psychiatry comes of age[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 1988, 45(1): 1-10. [18] 彭运石, 胡昆, 王玉龙. 亲子分离年龄对留守儿童亲子依恋的影响: 家庭功能的调节[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2017, 25(4): 731-733, 738. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY201704030.htmPENG Y S, HU K, WANG Y L. Age of separating from parents and parent-child attachment in left-behind children[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2017, 25(4): 731-733, 738. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY201704030.htm [19] 芦炎, 张月娟. 初中生抑郁与依恋、自我效能感的关系研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2008(1): 55-59, 87. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLFZ200801009.htmLU Y, ZHANG Y J. Research on the relationships among attachment, general self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in junior high school students[J]. Psychol Dev Educ, 2008(1): 55-59, 87. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLFZ200801009.htm [20] 唐雪, 王玲玲, 武伟, 等. 不同亲子分离模式与学龄前儿童情绪调节策略的关联性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(2): 232-235. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.02.020TANG X, WANG L L, WU W, et al. Association between different parent-child separation types and emotion regulation strategies among preschool children[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(2): 232-235. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.02.020 [21] AINSWORTH M D S, BLEHAR M C, WATERS E, et al. Patterns of attachment: a psychological study of the strange situation[M]. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1978. [22] SHUANG M, YIQING W, LING J, et al. Relationship between parent-child attachment and depression among migrant children and left-behind children in China[J]. Public Health, 2022, 204: 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.12.015 [23] GOTLIB I H. Interpersonal and cognitive aspects of depression[J]. Current Direct Psychol Sci, 1992, 1(5): 149-154. doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.ep11510319 [24] 张野, 苑波, 王凯, 等. 冲动性特质对高中生自杀意念的影响: 校园排斥与生命意义感的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(1): 89-95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CLXW202101013.htmZHANG Y, YUAN B, WANG K, et al. The effect of impulsivity traits on senior high school students' suicidal ideation: the role of campus exclusion and sense of life meaning[J]. Stud Psychol Behav, 2021, 19(1): 89-95. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CLXW202101013.htm [25] 张珊珊, 张野, 苑波. 初中生抑郁在心理忽视与校园欺凌间的作用[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(10): 1512-1515. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201810023.htmZHANG S S, ZHANG Y, YUAN B. Role of depression in the association between psychological neglect and peer bullying among junior school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2018, 39(10): 1512-1515. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201810023.htm [26] HEALY K L, SANDERS M R. Mechanisms through which supportive relationships with parents and peers mitigate victimization, depression and internalizing problems in children bullied by peers[J]. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev, 2018, 49(5): 800-813. [27] 陈子循, 冯映雪, 宋文莉, 等. 亲子分离与青少年同伴侵害和抑郁的关系: 一项追踪研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(3): 429-438. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLFZ202103014.htmCHEN Z X, FENG Y X, SONG W L, et al. The relationship of parent-child separation, peer victimization and depression in adolescents: a longitudinal study[J]. Psychol Dev Educ, 2021, 37(3): 429-438. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLFZ202103014.htm [28] ABRAMSON L Y, SELIGMAN M E, TEASDALE J D. Learned helplessness in humans: critique and reformulation[J]. J Abnormal Psychol, 1978, 87(1): 49-74. [29] 邹敏, 王艳郁, 尹训宝. 青少年抑郁的多维归因模式比较研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2017, 25(5): 456-458. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ERTO201705008.htmZOU M, WANG Y Y, YIN X B. Multidimensional attribution model of depressed adolescents[J]. Chin J Child Health Care, 2017, 25(5): 456-458. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ERTO201705008.htm [30] POPA L N. Effects of parents' circular migration on students' school achievement: explanatory variables[J]. Educ Plus, 2012, 8(1): 124-134. [31] POPA N L. Attributional style of students from romanian migrant families[J]. Rev Artistic Educ, 2012(3): 121-127. [32] 刘宏艳, 胡治国, 彭聃龄. 情绪与语言加工的相互作用[J]. 心理科学进展, 2009, 17(4): 714-721. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD200904012.htmLIU H Y, HU Z G, PENG D L. The interaction of emotion and language processing[J]. Adv Psychol Sci, 2009, 17(4): 714-721. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD200904012.htm [33] 陈潇潇, 侯金芹, 陈祉妍. 基于日记法探索母亲抑郁对儿童情绪的影响[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2022, 30(1): 68-71, 76. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY202201014.htmCHEN X X, HOU J Q, CHEN Z Y. The relationship between maternal depression and children's daily emotions: a diary study[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2022, 30(1): 68-71, 76. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY202201014.htm [34] 李佩, 李新影. 主要看护人教养方式及亲子沟通频率对留守青少年抑郁的影响[J]. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2022, 30(6): 944-950. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JKXL202206030.htmLI P, LI X Y. Effect of parent-adolescent communication frequency and primary caregiver's parenting style on adolescent depression of left-behind children[J]. Chin J Health Psychol, 2022, 30(6): 944-950. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JKXL202206030.htm [35] 从恩朝, 蔡亦蕴, 王韵, 等. 青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关联研究[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2021, 23(9): 938-943. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DDKZ202109013.htmCONG E Z, CAI Y Y, WANG Y, et al. Association of depression and suicidal ideation with parenting style in adolescents[J]. Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2021, 23(9): 938-943. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DDKZ202109013.htm [36] 郑清, 叶宝娟, 夏扉, 等. 教师关怀行为对初中生抑郁的影响: 冗思与宽恕的中介作用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2017, 25(1): 159-162. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY201701035.htmZHENG Q, YE B J, XIA F, et al. Teachers' caring and depressive symptoms: mediating of rumination and forgiveness[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2017, 25(1): 159-162. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY201701035.htm [37] 杨娅娟, 陶芳标, 万宇辉. 安徽留守儿童抑郁状况及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2010, 31(3): 321-323. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201003028.htmYANG Y J, TAO F B, WAN Y H. Depressive symptoms and the influencing factors among left-behind children[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2010, 31(3): 321-323. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201003028.htm [38] THAPAR P A, COLLISHAW S, PINE D S, et al. Depression in adolescence[J]. Lancet, 2012, 379(9820): 1056-1067. [39] ZHANG Z Y, HUANG P J, LI S Y, et al. Neural mechanisms underlying the processing of emotional stimuli in individuals with depression: an Meta-analysis study[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2022, 313: 114598.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 256
- HTML全文浏览量: 139
- PDF下载量: 47
- 被引次数: 0