武汉市初中生在外就餐相关因素及与超重肥胖的关系

赵挚; 胡成华; 杨久钰; 朱文子; 伍雅婷

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.10.031

武汉市初中生在外就餐相关因素及与超重肥胖的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.10.031

1.
武汉市江汉区疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制科，湖北 430021
2.
黄冈市浠水县马垅中学教研室
3.
武汉市疾病预防控制中心食品安全与营养卫生所

详细信息

作者简介:
赵挚(1998-)，女，湖北黄冈人，硕士，初级技师，主要从事儿童青少年健康及学校卫生工作

通讯作者:
伍雅婷，E-mail: 15095023@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R155.1 R153.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-03
- 修回日期: 2023-08-01
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Relevant factors of eating out-of-home and its association with overweight and obesity among middle school students in Wuhan City

1.
Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jianghan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan(430021), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解武汉市中学生在外就餐现状及其相关因素，并分析其与超重肥胖的关系，为中学生超重肥胖预防提供科学依据。方法 2023年3—4月，采用方便抽样法抽取武汉市1 654名在校初中生进行问卷调查。采用多因素Logistic回归分析在外就餐的相关因素及其与中学生超重肥胖的关系。结果初中生每周工作日在外就餐≥1次者占57.19%；每周周末在外就餐≥1次者占81.38%。多因素分析结果显示，非住校生选择工作日在外就餐的可能性更大(OR=4.32，95%CI=2.10~8.90，P<0.05)。父亲文化程度为高中、中专等和大专及以上，家庭人均月收入为2 000~5 000和＞5 000元，平均每月饮食花费500~<1 000和1 000~<1 500元的中学生周末在外就餐的可能性更大(OR值分别为2.12，2.77；2.58，3.32；1.70，1.98，P值均<0.05)。营养健康知识得分合格的中学生周末在外就餐的可能性是营养健康知识得分优秀中学生的1.51倍(OR=1.51，95%CI=1.12~2.06，P<0.05)。每周周末在外就餐次数为1~2次的学生超重肥胖风险是在外就餐0次学生的1.50倍(调整OR=1.50，95%CI=1.05~2.15，P<0.05)。结论武汉市中学生在外就餐情况较为普遍。应积极培养中学生的健康饮食意识，减少在外就餐频率，降低中学生的超重肥胖率。
- 饮食习惯 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and relevant factors of eating out-of-home among middle school students in Wuhan, and to analyze its association with overweight/obesity, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of overweight/obesity among middle school students. Methods From March to April 2023, 1 654 middle school students in Wuhan were selected by convenient sampling method for a questionnaire survey. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relevant factors of eating out-of-home and to explore its relationship with overweight/obesity among middle school students. Results On weekdays, 57.19% of the middle school students ate out-of-home at least once a week. On weekends, 81.38% of the participants ate out-of-home at least once a week. The multivariate analysis showed non-resident students were more likely to eat out-of-home on weekdays (OR=4.32, 95%CI=2.10-8.90, P<0.05). Middle school students whose fathers with educational backgrounds of high school, technical secondary school or college above, and families with per capita monthly income levels of 2 000-5 000 and >5 000 yuan, and average monthly food expenses of 500-<1 000 and 1 000-<1 500 yuan were more likely to eat out-of-home on weekends (OR=2.12, 2.77; 2.58, 3.32; 1.70, 1.98, P<0.05). Middle school students with qualified nutrition and health knowledge scores were more likely to eat out-of-home on weekends than those with excellent nutrition and health knowledge scores (OR=1.51, 95%CI=1.12-2.06, P<0.05). Students who ate out-of-home once or twice per week on weekends had 1.50 times higher risk of overweight/obesity than those who ate out-of-home none per week on weekends (adjusted OR=1.50, 95%CI=1.05-2.15, P<0.05). Conclusion Eating out-of-home is common among middle school students in Wuhan. Middle school students should actively cultivate awareness of healthy eating, and decrease the frequency of eating out-of-home to reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity.
- Food habits /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 武汉市中学生在外就餐影响因素的单因素分析

Table 1. Univariate analysis of eating out-of-home among middle school students in Wuhan City

因素	选项	人数	工作日在外就餐频次					周末在外就餐频次
因素	选项	人数	0	1~5	≥6	χ²值	P值	0	1~2	≥3	χ²值	P值
性别	男	880	365(41.48)	453(51.48)	62(7.05)	6.32	0.04	166(18.86)	576(65.45)	138(15.68)	7.53	0.02
	女	774	343(44.32)	398(51.42)	33(4.26)			142(18.35)	545(70.41)	87(11.24)
年级	七	693	294(42.42)	360(51.95)	39(5.63)	1.11	0.89	97(14.00)	492(71.00)	104(15.01)	19.65	＜0.01
	八	779	330(42.36)	404(51.86)	45(5.78)			164(21.05)	514(65.98)	101(12.97)
	九	182	84(46.15)	87(47.80)	11(6.04)			47(25.82)	115(63.19)	20(10.99)
年龄/岁	≤12	14	5(35.71)	9(64.29)	0	1.91	0.93	3(21.43)	9(64.29)	2(14.29)	18.30	0.01
	13	683	288(42.17)	356(52.12)	39(5.71)			98(14.35)	483(70.72)	102(14.93)
	14	739	322(43.57)	375(50.74)	42(5.68)			152(20.57)	487(65.90)	100(13.53)
	15	218	93(42.66)	111(50.92)	14(6.42)			55(25.23)	142(65.14)	21(9.63)
学校所在城区	中心城区	1 220	503(41.23)	647(53.03)	70(5.74)	4.96	0.08	191(15.66)	844(69.18)	185(15.16)	31.64	＜0.01
	远城区	434	205(47.24)	204(47.00)	25(5.76)			117(26.96)	277(63.82)	40(9.22)
住校生	是	42	32(76.19)	9(21.43)	1(2.38)	19.62	＜0.01	17(40.48)	24(57.14)	1(2.38)	15.76	＜0.01
	否	1 612	676(41.94)	842(52.23)	94(5.93)			291(18.05)	1097(68.05)	224(13.90)
家庭住址	中心城区	1 205	494(41.00)	642(53.28)	69(5.73)	6.28	0.04	189(15.68)	835(69.29)	181(15.02)	28.63	＜0.01
	远城区	449	214(47.66)	209(46.55)	26(5.79)			119(26.50)	286(63.70)	44(9.80)
独生子女	是	894	387(43.29)	459(51.34)	48(5.37)	0.59	0.75	145(16.22)	616(68.90)	133(14.88)	8.72	0.01
	否	760	321(42.24)	392(51.58)	47(6.18)			163(21.45)	505(66.45)	92(12.11)
父亲文化程度	初中及以下	397	181(45.59)	189(47.61)	27(6.80)	6.20	0.19	112(28.21)	236(59.45)	49(12.34)	42.98	＜0.01
	高中、中专等	534	227(42.51)	272(50.94)	35(6.55)			106(19.85)	355(66.48)	73(13.67)
	大专及以上	723	300(41.49)	390(53.94)	33(4.56)			90(12.45)	530(73.31)	103(14.25)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	477	221(46.33)	224(46.96)	32(6.71)	9.64	0.05	147(30.82)	278(58.28)	52(10.90)	70.17	＜0.01
	高中、中专等	505	193(38.22)	281(55.64)	31(6.14)			82(16.24)	354(70.10)	69(13.66)
	大专及以上	672	294(43.75)	346(51.49)	32(4.76)			79(11.76)	489(72.77)	104(15.48)
家庭人均月收入/元	＜1 000	28	18(64.29)	8(28.57)	2(7.14)	9.86	0.13	14(50.00)	12(42.86)	2(7.14)	42.91	＜0.01
	1 000~<2 000	101	48(47.52)	50(49.50)	3(2.97)			31(30.69)	60(59.41)	10(9.90)
	2 000~5 000	596	262(43.96)	302(50.67)	32(5.37)			125(20.97)	404(67.79)	67(11.24)
	＞5 000	929	380(40.90)	491(52.85)	58(6.24)			138(14.85)	645(69.43)	146(15.72)
每月饮食花费/元	＜500	282	137(48.58)	130(46.10)	15(5.32)	11.25	0.19	86(30.50)	163(57.80)	33(11.70)	52.32	＜0.01
	500~＜1 000	456	184(40.35)	242(53.07)	30(6.58)			83(18.20)	325(71.27)	48(10.53)
	1 000~＜1 500	301	131(43.52)	152(50.50)	18(5.98)			45(14.95)	225(74.75)	31(10.30)
	1 500~2 000	247	103(41.70)	125(50.61)	19(7.69)			38(15.38)	168(68.02)	41(16.60)
	＞2 000	368	153(41.58)	202(54.89)	13(3.53)			56(15.22)	240(65.22)	72(19.57)
每周体育锻炼次数	0	142	67(47.18)	70(49.30)	5(3.52)	2.63	0.62	27(19.01)	97(68.31)	18(12.68)	6.31	0.18
	1~6	1 465	619(42.25)	759(51.81)	87(5.94)			266(18.16)	999(68.19)	200(13.65)
	≥7	47	22(46.81)	22(46.81)	3(6.38)			15(31.91)	25(53.19)	7(14.89)
营养健康知识得分	不合格	684	279(40.79)	366(53.51)	39(5.70)	3.20	0.53	156(22.81)	438(64.04)	90(13.16)	16.24	＜0.01
	合格	919	409(44.50)	456(49.62)	54(5.88)			146(15.89)	642(69.86)	131(14.25)
	优秀	51	20(39.22)	29(56.86)	2(3.92)			6(11.76)	41(80.39)	4(7.84)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 武汉市中学生在外就餐频次的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=1 654)

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis on the frequency of eating out-of-home among middle school students in Wuhan City (n=1 654)

时间	自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	OR值(95%CI)	P值
工作日	住校生	否	1.46	0.37	15.70	4.32(2.10~8.90)	＜0.01
周末	父亲文化程度	高中、中专等	0.75	0.37	4.20	2.12(1.03~4.35)	0.04
		大专及以上	1.02	0.40	6.52	2.77(1.27~6.04)	0.01
	家庭人均月收入/元	1000~＜2 000	0.71	0.46	2.35	2.03(0.82~5.02)	0.13
		2 000~5 000	0.95	0.42	5.06	2.58(1.13~5.87)	0.02
		＞5 000	1.20	0.42	8.16	3.32(1.46~7.55)	＜0.01
	每月饮食花费/元	500~＜1 000	0.53	0.19	8.06	1.70(1.18~2.45)	＜0.01
		1 000~＜1 500	0.68	0.22	9.70	1.98(1.29~3.04)	＜0.01
		1 500~2 000	0.45	0.23	3.74	1.57(0.99~2.49)	0.05
		＞2 000	0.33	0.22	2.41	1.40(0.92~2.13)	0.12
	营养健康知识得分	合格	0.42	7.06	7.07	1.51(1.12~2.06)	0.01
		不合格	0.74	0.55	1.86	2.11(0.72~6.17)	0.17

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