京津冀地区非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视状况及影响因素

李子林; 钟远; 韩东; 李涛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.10.018

京津冀地区非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视状况及影响因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.10.018

李子林¹,
钟远^2, ,,
韩东³,
李涛⁴

1.
天津城建大学体育部，天津 300384
2.
包头师范学院体育学院
3.
燕山大学体育学院
4.
天津职业技术师范大学

详细信息

作者简介:
李子林(1984-)，男，内蒙古巴彦淖尔人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为体育营养与健康管理

通讯作者:
钟远，E-mail：yanye566659@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B844.1 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-14
- 修回日期: 2023-08-26
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Neglect and associated factors among children aged 3-6 years in families with non-only children in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

LI Zilin¹,
ZHONG Yuan^{2
, ,},
HAN Dong³,
LI Tao⁴

1.
Department of Physical Education, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin(300384), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析京津冀地区非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视状况及其影响因素，为非独生子女家庭学龄前儿童的健康成长提供帮助。方法于2022年4—6月，采用随机整群抽样方法在京津冀的城市地区选取15所幼儿园的2 882名学龄前儿童家长进行基本信息、忽视量表及影响因素的调查。采用χ²检验、t检验和方差分析比较不同类别学龄前儿童的忽视状况，采用二元Logistic回归方法分析非独生子女学龄前儿童忽视的影响因素。结果京津冀地区非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视检出率为33.47%，独生子女家庭儿童为9.24%，差异有统计学意义(χ²=261.94，P＜0.01)。非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视度得分为(42.35±7.52)分，独生子女家庭忽视度为(38.16±6.56)分，差异有统计学意义(t=15.95，P＜0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析显示，家庭收入≤4 000元/月(OR=2.75，95%CI=1.18~6.32)，主要监护人为祖父母或其他(OR=2.18，95%CI=1.35~3.52)，父母关系较差(OR=2.64，95%CI=1.42~3.87)、一般(OR=2.31，95%CI=1.32~4.01)的非独生子女学龄前儿童忽视风险较高(P值均＜0.05)。结论京津冀地区非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视率较高。应根据影响因素采取针对性的干预措施，以减少学龄前儿童忽视问题的发生。
- 虐待儿童 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To analyze the neglect status of children aged 3-6 years old from non-only-child families in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and influencing factors, so as to provide assistance for the healthy growth of preschool children from non-only-child families. Methods From April to June 2022, 2 882 parents of preschool children from 15 kindergartens were selected in urban areas of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei by randomized cluster sampling method, and were investigated with general information and neglect experiences. The χ² test, t-test and ANOVA were used to compare the neglect status of different categories of preschool children, and the binary Logistic regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of the neglect of preschool children who were not only children. Results The detection rate of neglect among children aged 3-6 years from non-only-child families in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was 33.47%, the detection rate of neglect among children from only-child families was 9.24%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=261.94, P < 0.01). The neglect score for children aged 3-6 years in non-only-child families was (42.35±7.52), the neglect score for one-child families was (38.16±6.56), and the difference was also statistically significant (t=15.95, P < 0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that family income < 4 000 yuan/month (OR=2.75, 95%CI=1.18-6.32), grandparents or other relatives as the primary guardian (OR=2.18, 95%CI=1.35-3.52), and poor parental relationship (OR=2.64, 95%CI=1.42-3.87), average (OR=2.31, 95%CI=1.32-4.01) non-only-child preschoolers had a higher risk of neglect (P < 0.05). Conclusion Neglect is prevalent among 3-to 6-year-old children from non-only-child families in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Targeted intervention measures based on influencing factors should be taken to reduce neglect among preschool children.
- Child abuse /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 京津冀地区非独生子女与独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视度得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of neglect scores of children aged 3-6 years in non-only-child and only-child families in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region (x±s)

是否独生子女	人数	身体	情感	教育	安全	医疗	总忽视度
否	1 258	43.62±8.62	41.32±7.25	45.12±9.63	38.53±9.87	42.25±9.85	42.35±7.52
是	1 624	39.26±7.86	37.86±5.95	41.56±8.62	35.26±8.65	38.26±9.25	38.16±6.56
t值		14.16	14.07	10.44	9.46	11.16	15.95
P值		＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01

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表 2 京津冀地区非独生子女家庭不同组别3~6岁儿童忽视检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of neglect detection rates among children aged 3-6 years of different groups from non-only-child families in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

组别	选项	人数	忽视人数	χ²值	P值	组别	选项	人数	忽视人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	565	195(34.51)	0.51	0.48	家庭月收入/元	≤4 000	96	55(57.29)	33.96	＜0.01
	女	693	226(32.61)				4 001~7 000	249	91(36.55)
年龄/岁	3	211	72(34.12)	9.47	0.01		7 001~10 000	455	151(33.19)
	4	313	83(26.52)				＞10 000	458	124(27.07)
	5	533	195(36.59)			父母学历	初中及以下	209	96(45.93)	22.04	＜0.01
	6	201	71(35.32)				高中	249	91(36.55)
家庭类型	核心	284	88(30.99)	16.25	＜0.01		大专	321	94(29.28)
	单亲	13	11(84.62)				本科及以上	479	140(29.23)
	三代同堂	950	319(33.58)			主要监护人	父母	1 009	303(30.03)	27.03	＜0.01
	再婚家庭	11	3(27.27)				祖父母或其他	249	118(47.39)
家庭子女排行	第一	436	127(29.13)	7.69	0.02	父母关系	较差	13	8(61.54)	34.43	＜0.01
	第二	800	283(35.38)				一般	171	88(51.46)
	第三及以上	22	11(50.00)				较好	1 074	325(30.26)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 京津冀地区非独生子女家庭不同组别3~6岁儿童忽视度得分比较(x±s)

Table 3. Comparison of neglect scores among children aged 3-6 years of different groups from non-only-child families in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region (x±s)

组别	选项	人数	忽视度	t/F值	P值
性别	男	565	42.46±6.85	0.64	0.53
	女	693	42.22±6.52
年龄/岁	3	211	42.34±6.12	1.86	0.13
	4	313	42.87±6.24
	5	533	43.57±6.33
	6	201	43.92±6.34
家庭类型	核心	284	41.35±8.12	2.12	0.09
	单亲	13	48.12±9.12
	三代同堂	950	42.36±7.56
	再婚家庭	11	44.25±4.32
家庭子女排行	第一	436	41.75±7.25	3.05	0.05
	第二	800	42.36±7.24
	第三及以上	22	47.62±4.12
家庭月收入/元	≤4 000	96	44.98±7.25	5.72	＜0.01
	4 001~7 000	249	43.52±7.86
	7 001~10 000	455	42.36±7.45
	＞10 000	458	40.16±7.21
父母学历	初中及以下	209	44.12±7.52	4.52	＜0.01
	高中	249	43.25±7.56
	大专	321	41.62±7.25
	本科及以上	479	41.28±7.56
主要监护人	父母	1 009	41.86±7.25	-3.85	＜0.01
	祖父母或其他	249	43.86±7.67
父母关系	较差	13	48.56±9.25	14.25	＜0.01
	一般	171	45.72±7.12
	较好	1 074	41.53±7.56

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表 4 京津冀地区非独生子女家庭3~6岁儿童忽视的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=1 258)

Table 4. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of child neglect of 3-6 year olds in non-only-children families in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region (n=1 258)

截距与自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
截距		-1.34	0.23	38.12	＜0.01
家庭月收入/元	＞10 000					1.00
	≤4 000	1.01	0.43	5.72	0.02	2.75(1.18~6.32)
	4 001~7 000	0.28	0.34	0.75	0.39	1.32(0.72~2.45)
	7 001~10 000	0.26	0.26	0.95	0.34	1.29(0.79~2.11)
主要监护人	父母					1.00
	祖父母或其他	0.78	0.26	9.88	＜0.01	2.18(1.35~3.52)
父母关系	较好					1.00
	较差	0.98	0.96	1.05	＜0.01	2.64(1.42~3.87)
	一般	0.85	0.29	8.53	＜0.01	2.31(1.32~4.01)

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