高校女生不同途径生殖健康教育干预效果比较

唐海英; 唐莹; 杨洁

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.10.015

高校女生不同途径生殖健康教育干预效果比较

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.10.015

1.
广东农工商职业技术学院卫生所，广州 510507
2.
广东农工商职业技术学院马克思主义学院

基金项目:

2021年广东省普通高校重点领域专项项目(生物医药与健康) 2021ZDZX2084

详细信息

作者简介:
唐海英(1972-)，女，湖南东安人，大学本科，副主任医师，主要从事高校健康教育工作

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中图分类号: R167 R193 R179
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-15
- 修回日期: 2023-07-26
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Comparison of the effectiveness of reproductive health education intervention through different channels for female college students

1.
Health Clinic of Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic, Guangzhou(510507), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解高校女生对生殖健康相关知识认知情况及不同干预措施的有效性，为在高校开展女生生殖健康教育及健康指导提供参考。方法 2022年3—11月，采用方便抽样方法选取1 019名高校大一至大三女生纳入常规组(315名)、微信组(462名)、门诊及同伴组(242名)；门诊与同伴组由接诊医务人员发放、讲解生殖健康教育保健知识手册及给予相关指导，常规组接受学校常规健康教育与指导，微信组在微信平台接受线上生殖健康知识教育与指导。各组分别在给予生殖健康相关知识教育与保健指导前后填写调查问卷，对问卷结果进行对比分析。结果干预后门诊与同伴组、微信组在女性月经周期时间、排卵期时间、艾滋病检测窗口期、适合避孕方式的知晓率均高于常规组(χ²值分别为26.78，31.70，61.50，13.96)；门诊与同伴组在女性易受孕生理时间、不可靠避孕方式的知晓率高于常规组(χ²值分别为9.10，10.68)，在不可靠避孕方式，经期主要注意事项的知晓率高于微信组(χ²值分别为9.10，8.02)；微信组在紧急避孕方法的知晓率高于常规组(χ²=7.94)，差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。干预后，门诊与同伴组、微信组女大学生在生殖生理知识(2.55±1.09，2.42±1.08)、避孕知识(2.62±1.20，2.53±1.06)、性传播疾病知识(2.89±1.35，2.76±1.24)的得分和生殖健康知识总分(12.82±3.94、12.12±3.06)均高于常规组(2.10±0.91，2.33±1.09，2.55±1.18，11.39±3.07)，门诊与同伴组在意外妊娠与人工流产知识(1.78±0.91)的得分和生殖健康知识总分(12.82±3.94)均高于常规组、微信组(1.57±0.87，1.62±0.87；11.39±3.07，12.12±3.06)，差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为14.94，5.27，5.28，13.02；4.15，13.02，P值均＜0.05)。结论大学女生对生殖健康相关知识认知不全面，应多途径对大学女生开展生殖健康教育与保健指导，全面提升大学女生对生殖健康知识的认知及促进良好卫生保健行为的形成。
- 生殖 /
- 健康教育 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生 /
- 女(雌)性
Abstract: Objective To understand the knowledge of reproductive health among female college students and the effectiveness of intervention measures, so as to provide a reference for conducting reproductive health education and health guidance for female college students. Methods From March to November 2022, 1 019 female college students of grade 1 to 3 from a university were selected by convenient sampling method, who were included in the conventional group(n=315), WeChat group(n=462) and outpatient and peer group(n=242). The Outpatient and peer group was provided with reproductive health education and health knowledge manuals and relevant guidance by receiving medical staff, the conventional group received routine health education and guidance from the school, and the WeChat group received online reproductive health education and guidance on the WeChat platform. Survey questionnaires were filled out before and after reproductive health related education and health guidance, and the results were compared and analyzed. Results After intervention, the awareness rates of women's menstrual cycle, ovulation period, AIDS detection window period and suitable contraceptive methods in outpatient and peer groups and WeChat group were higher than those in conventional group (χ²=26.78, 31.70, 61.50 and 13.96 respectively). The awareness rates of women's physiological time easy to be pregnant and unreliable contraceptive methods in outpatient and peer groups were higher than those in conventional group (χ²=9.10, 10.68), and the awareness rates of unreliable contraceptive methods and main precautions during menstruation were higher than those in WeChat group (χ²=9.10, 8.02). The awareness rate of emergency contraception methods in WeChat group was higher than that in conventional group (χ²=7.94). All the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After intervention, the knowledge scores of reproductive physiology (2.55±1.09, 2.42±1.08), contraception (2.62±1.20, 2.53±1.06), sexually transmitted disease (2.89±1.35, 2.76±1.24) and the total score of reproductive health knowledge (12.82±3.94, 12.12±3.06) among female college students of the outpatient and peer group and WeChat group were higher than those in the conventional group (2.10±0.91, 2.33±1.09, 2.55±1.18, 11.39±3.07). The knowledge score of accidental pregnancy and induced abortion (1.78±0.91) and the total score of reproductive health knowledge (12.82±3.94) among female college students of the outpatient and peer group were higher than those in the conventional group and WeChat group (1.57±0.87, 1.62±0.87; 11.39±3.07, 12.12±3.06). All the differences were statistically significant (F=14.94, 5.27, 5.28, 13.02; 4.15, 13.02, P < 0.05). Conclusion Female college students lack comprehensive understanding of reproductive health related knowledge. The reproductive health education and health care guidance to female college students should be developed through multiple channels, which would improve the reproductive health knowledge cognition of female college students and promote the formation of good health care behavior.
- Reproduction /
- Health education /
- Intervention studies /
- Students /
- Female
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表 1 干预前后不同组别女大学生生殖健康知识知晓率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the awareness rate of reproductive health knowledge among female students in different groups before and after intervention

干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	条目1	条目2	条目3	条目4	条目5	条目6	条目7	条目8	条目9	条目10	条目11
干预前	常规组	315		77(24.44)	234(74.29)	82(26.03)	251(79.68)	256(81.27)	128(40.63)	87(27.62)	55(17.46)	141(44.76)	37(11.75)	88(27.94)
	门诊与同伴组	242		61(25.21)	174(71.90)	39(16.12)^a	148(61.16)^a	180(74.38)	79(32.64)	66(27.27)	39(16.12)	119(49.17)	40(16.53)	34(14.05)^a
	微信组	462		129(27.92)	353(76.41)	124(26.84)^b	356(77.06)^b	392(84.85)^b	182(39.39)	145(31.39)	114(24.68)^b	211(45.67)	71(15.37)	137(29.65)^b
			χ²值	1.33	1.74	10.99	28.34	11.43	4.24	1.88	9.61	1.18	3.01	21.93
			P值	0.51	0.42	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.12	0.39	0.01	0.56	0.22	< 0.01
干预后	常规组	315		91(28.89)	245(77.78)	88(27.94)	238(75.56)	271(86.03)	145(46.03)	94(29.84)	70(22.22)	155(49.21)	47(14.92)	112(35.56)
	门诊与同伴组	242		121(50.00)^a	191(78.93)	119(49.17)^a	187(77.27)	197(81.40)	133(54.96)	102(42.15)^a	80(33.06)^a	123(50.83)	108(44.63)^a	87(35.95)
	微信组	462		192(41.56)^a	351(75.97)	207(44.81)^a	369(79.87)	402(87.01)	258(55.84)^a	162(35.06)	106(22.94)^b	241(52.16)	121(26.19)^ab	192(41.56)
			χ²值	26.78	0.86	31.70	2.10	4.16	7.94	9.10	10.68	0.66	61.50	3.64
			P值	< 0.01	0.65	< 0.01	0.35	0.13	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.72	< 0.01	0.16

干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	条目12	条目13	条目14	条目15	条目16	条目17	条目18	条目19	条目20	条目21	条目22
干预前	常规组	315		189(60.00)	165(52.38)	268(85.08)	178(56.51)	165(52.38)	111(35.24)	156(49.52)	135(42.86)	263(83.49)	64(20.32)	197(62.54)
	门诊与同伴组	242		131(54.13)	110(45.45)	191(78.93)	147(60.74)	110(45.45)	45(18.60)^a	111(45.87)	101(41.74)	153(63.22)^a	43(17.77)	135(55.79)
	微信组	462		313(67.75)^b	255(55.19)	384(83.12)	272(58.87)	233(50.43)	147(31.82)^b	230(49.78)	229(49.57)	381(82.47)^b	83(17.97)	272(58.87)
			χ²值	13.38	6.06	3.72	1.04	2.74	19.90	1.08	5.34	41.97	0.84	2.64
			P值	< 0.01	0.05	0.16	0.59	0.25	< 0.01	0.58	0.07	< 0.01	0.66	0.27
干预后	常规组	315		213(67.62)	174(55.24)	258(81.90)	203(64.44)	172(54.60)	121(38.41)	181(57.46)	151(47.94)	279(88.57)	81(25.71)	199(63.17)
	门诊与同伴组	242		163(67.36)	135(55.79)	206(85.12)	188(77.69)^a	144(59.50)	99(40.91)	150(61.98)	136(56.20)	201(83.06)	75(30.99)	157(64.88)
	微信组	462		337(72.94)	221(47.84)	405(87.66)	343(74.24)^a	247(53.46)	157(33.98)	277(59.96)	208(45.02)^b	385(83.33)	108(23.38)	312(67.53)
			χ²值	3.56	5.92	4.95	13.96	2.42	3.66	1.19	8.02	4.83	4.81	1.64
			P值	0.17	0.05	0.08	< 0.01	0.30	0.16	0.55	0.02	0.09	0.09	0.44
注： ()内数字为知晓率/%；两两比较Bonferroni法采用校正P值；a 与常规组比较，P < 0.05；b 与门诊与同伴组比较，P < 0.05；各条目具体内容详见1.2.1问卷调查部分。

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表 2 干预前后不同组别女大学生生殖健康知识得分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of the scores of reproductive health knowledge among female college students in different groups before and after intervention(x±s)

干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	生殖生理知识	避孕知识	性传播疾病知识	意外妊娠与人工流产知识	生殖健康保健知识	总分
干预前	常规组	315		2.04±0.86	2.12±1.07	2.37±1.13	1.44±0.86	2.59±1.00	10.56±2.76
	门诊与同伴组	242		1.74±0.79^a	2.00±1.06	2.09±1.07^a	1.25±0.78^a	2.24±1.05^a	9.32±2.23^a
	微信组	462		2.08±0.92^b	2.26±1.11^b	2.51±1.12^b	1.41±0.87^b	2.59±1.04^b	10.85±2.97^b
			F值	12.78	4.93	11.34	4.10	10.23	25.45
			P值	< 0.01	0.01	< 0.01	0.02	< 0.01	< 0.01
干预后	常规组	315		2.10±0.91	2.33±1.09	2.55±1.18	1.57±0.87	2.83±1.02	11.39±3.07
	门诊与同伴组	242		2.55±1.09^a	2.62±1.20^a	2.89±1.35^a	1.78±0.91^a	2.97±1.22	12.82±3.94^a
	微信组	462		2.42±1.08^a	2.53±1.06^a	2.76±1.24^a	1.62±0.87^b	2.79±0.99	12.12±3.06^ab
			F值	14.94	5.27	5.28	4.15	2.33	13.02
			P值	< 0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.10	< 0.01
差值	常规组	315		0.06±1.08	0.22±1.21	0.18±1.22	0.13±1.03	0.24±1.2	0.83±0.54
	门诊与同伴组	242		0.81±1.23^a	0.63±1.38^a	0.80±1.34^a	0.53±1.05^a	0.73±1.41^a	3.50±1.83^a
	微信组	462		0.34±1.20^ab	0.27±1.26^b	0.25±1.22^b	0.21±1.08^b	0.21±1.26^b	1.27±0.46^ab
			F值	28.36	8.34	19.82	10.96	14.63	563.04
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注： a 与常规组比较，P < 0.05；b 与门诊与同伴组比较，P < 0.05。

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