24 h活动行为对大学生体质健康影响的等时替代效益

宋云峰; 谭思洁; 齐玉刚; 冯展鹏; 张国俊; 曹立全

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.023

24 h活动行为对大学生体质健康影响的等时替代效益

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.023

1.
天津体育学院运动健康学院, 天津 301617
2.
天津科技大学体育部

基金项目:

国家社科基金教育科学规划课题 BLA220234

详细信息

作者简介:
宋云峰(1998-), 男, 山西临汾人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为运动与健康促进

通讯作者:
曹立全, E-mail: 276318552@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G804.49 G806 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-03
- 修回日期: 2023-07-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-25

The isochronous substitution effect of 24-hour activity behavior on physical health of college students

1.
School of Sports Health, Tianjin Institute of Sports, Tianjin (301617), China

摘要

摘要: 目的建立等时替代模型探讨在校大学生24 h活动行为与体质健康的关联及替代效应, 为大学生改善体质健康水平提供具体的活动行为建议。方法于2023年4—5月采用分层随机整群抽样法, 对天津市12所高校2 794名大学生进行体质健康测试与24 h活动行为调查, 调查内容为久坐(SB)时间、低强度体力活动(LPA)时间、中高强度体力活动(MVPA)时间与睡眠(SLP)时间; 采用成分等时替代方法, 探究24 h活动行为与体质健康的量效关系。结果除50 m跑外, MVPA与BMI-Z呈负相关(β=-0.62), 但与其余体质指标呈正相关(β=0.34~274.23);LPA与肺活量、坐位体前屈和50 m跑无相关性, 与其余体质指标呈负相关(β=-14.30~-0.19);SB与多数体质指标呈负相关(β=-11.57~-0.33), 但与BMI-Z呈正相关(β=0.45);除肺活量外, SLP与BMI-Z、体质总分、1 min仰卧起坐、引体向上、800/1 000 m跑、坐位体前屈、50 m跑均呈正相关(β=0.27~11.21), 但与跳远呈负相关(β=-0.10)(P值均＜0.05)。成分等时替代显示, 30 min/d的SB和LPA替代MVPA产生的不利效应均大于MVPA替代相应行为所产生的有益效应(体质总分: SB, -0.58和0.47分; LPA, -0.50和0.38分)。结论 MVPA与SLP对大学生体质健康具有积极正向的影响效应。在改善大学生体质健康过程中, 保证睡眠充足, 尽可能提高MVPA和降低SB可能是有效方法之一。
- 运动活动 /
- 体质 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 等时替代 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective An isochronous substitution model was established to explore the association and substitution effect between college students' 24-hour activity behavior and physical health, so as to provide specific activity behavior suggestions for college students to improve their physical health. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct physical fitness tests and 24-hour activity behavior surveys among 2 794 college students in 12 colleges and universities in Tianjin.Time spent on sedentary behavior(SB), light-intensity physical activity(LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) and sleep(SLP) time. The isochronous method of components was used to explore the relationship between 24 h activity behavior and physical health. Results Except for 50 m running, MVPA was negatively correlated with BMI-Z (β=-0.62, P < 0.05), but positively correlated with other physical fitness indexes (β=0.34~274.23, P < 0.05). LPA was not associated with lung capacity, sitting forward flexion and 50 m running, and negatively correlated with other physical fitness indexes (β=-14.30- -0.19, P < 0.05). SB was negatively correlated with most physical fitness indexes (β=-11.57- -0.33, P < 0.05), but positively correlated with BMI-Z (β=0.45, P < 0.05). In addition to lung capacity, SLP was positively correlated with BMI-Z, total physical fitness score, 1-minute sit-ups, pull-ups, 800/1 000 m running, sitting forward flexion, and 50 m running (β=0.27-11.21, P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with long jump (β=-0.10, P < 0.05). Isochronous substitution showed that the adverse effects of 30 min/d SB and LPA substitution of MVPA were much greater than the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution for corresponding behaviors (total physical score: SB, -0.58 vs 0.47 points; LPA, -0.50 vs 0.38 points). Conclusion MVPA and SLP have been found to have a positive effect on physical fitness among college students. Therefore, in the process of improving the physical health of college students, ensuring adequate sleep, improving MVPA and reducing SB as much as possible may be one of the effective methods.
- Motor activity /
- Body constitution /
- Growth and development /
- Isotemporal substitution /
- Students
注释:

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表 1 大学生24 h活动行为与体质健康之间的关联(β值，n=2 794)

Table 1. Association between 24-hour activity behavior and physical health among university students(β, n=2 794)

活动行为	BMI-Z	肺活量	800/1 000 m跑	坐位体前屈	50 m跑	跳远	1 min仰卧起坐	引体向上	总分
SLP	0.27^*	-208.33	9.07^**	6.10^**	0.76^**	-0.10^*	11.21^**	10.63^*	6.41^**
SB	0.45^**	-169.10	-1.14	-9.97^**	-0.33^*	0.04	-6.20^*	-11.57^*	-2.20^*
LPA	-0.19^*	-121.66	-8.94^**	-1.54	-0.31	-0.19^**	-10.38^**	-14.30^**	-4.17^**
MVPA	-0.62^**	274.23^**	14.13^**	8.81^**	0.28	0.34^**	17.30^**	19.34^**	7.21^**
注： P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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表 2 24 h活动行为30 min等时替代与体质健康之间关联(n=2 794)

Table 2. Association between 24 h activity and 30 min isochronous substitution and physical health(n=2 794)

指标	体力活动	SB↓	LPA↓	MVPA↓	SLP↓
BMI-Z	SB↑		-0.09	-0.29^*	-0.20^*
	LPA↑	0.11		-0.20^*	-0.11
	MVPA↑	0.27^*	0.16^*		0.05
	SLP↑	0.21^*	0.11	-0.10^*
肺活量	SB↑		0.09	-0.14	0.19^*
	LPA↑	-0.10		-0.23^*	-0.10
	MVPA↑	0.08	0.18^*		0.28^*
	SLP↑	-0.19^*	-0.09	-0.32^*
800/1 000 m跑	SB↑		0.13	-0.52^*	-0.48^*
	LPA↑	-0.17		-0.38^*	-0.34^*
	MVPA↑	0.51^*	0.34^*		0.01
	SLP↑	0.50^*	0.34^*	-0.05
坐位体前屈	SB↑		0.26	-0.72	-0.32
	LPA↑	-0.29		-0.46^*	-0.05
	MVPA↑	0.65^*	0.36		0.30
	SLP↑	0.34^*	0.05	-0.41^*
50 m跑	SB↑		-0.13	-0.21^*	-0.35^*
	LPA↑	0.15		-0.07	-0.22^*
	MVPA↑	0.22^*	0.07		-0.15^*
	SLP↑	0.36^*	0.21^*	0.14
跳远	SB↑		0.05	-0.14	0.02^*
	LPA↑	-0.05		-0.18^*	-0.03
	MVPA↑	0.10	0.15^*		0.12^*
	SLP↑	-0.02	0.03^*	-0.16^*
1 min仰卧起坐	SB↑		0.22	-0.96	-0.43^*
	LPA↑	-0.26^*		-0.74	-0.20
	MVPA↑	0.83	0.58		0.37
	SLP↑	0.45^*	0.20^*	-0.54
引体向上	SB↑		0.57	-1.82^*	-0.59^*
	LPA↑	-0.64^*		-1.25	-0.22
	MVPA↑	1.66^*	1.03		1.00
	SLP↑	0.66^*	0.02	-1.23
总分	SB↑		0.08	-0.58^*	-0.26^*
	LPA↑	0.09		-0.50^*	0.18
	MVPA↑	0.47^*	0.38^*		0.20
	SLP↑	0.26^*	0.17^*	-0.33
注： ↑代表该活动行为时间增加30 min，↓代表该活动行为时间减少30 min；* P＜0.05；表中数据为得分变化值。

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