宿州市区幼儿园儿童2018—2022年贫血状况

周碧; 侯媛媛; 杨潇; 石宗玉; 李迎; 朱峰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.010

宿州市区幼儿园儿童2018—2022年贫血状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.010

安徽医科大学附属宿州医院儿科，234000

基金项目:

安徽医科大学校科研基金项目 2021xkj195

详细信息

作者简介:
周碧(1988-)，男，安徽宿州人，硕士，主治医师，主要研究方向为儿童血液学

通讯作者:
朱峰，E-mail：zhufeng166@yeah.net

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R556 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-15
- 修回日期: 2023-07-08
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-25

Status of anemic among kindergarten children within Suzhou urban area from 2018 to 2022

Department of Paediatrics, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou(234000), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解宿州市市区幼儿园儿童2018—2022年贫血状况和变化趋势，为幼儿园儿童贫血的预防和干预提供参考依据。方法 2023年3月对市区所有幼儿园采用随机数字表抽样方法，收集2018—2022年幼儿园儿童入园/在园体检资料，共24 178人次，体检资料包括血红蛋白(Hb)、身高、性别、体重等，将2018—2019年定义为新冠病毒感染疫情前，将2020—2022年定义为新冠病毒感染疫情期间；采用Mann-Whithey U检验、χ²检验和Spearman相关系数分析数据。结果 2018—2019年间幼儿园小班、中班、大班儿童Hb值的M(P₂₅，P₇₅)分别为118(112，129)、120(112，132)、122(113，134)g/L；2020—2022年间小班、中班、大班儿童Hb值的M(P₂₅，P₇₅)为116(110，123)、117(111，124)、119(112，126)g/L，3个年级年份间差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-10.7，-12.7，-12.9，P值均 < 0.05)。2018—2022年儿童总贫血数共4 584人次，总贫血率为19.0%；2018—2019年幼儿园儿童总贫血率为15.3%，低于2020—2022年的20.7%(χ²=100.8，P < 0.05)；2022年幼儿园儿童总贫血率(24.5%)高于2020年(20.6%)和2021年(17.0%)(χ²=93.9，P < 0.05)。2018—2019年小班、中班和大班儿童的贫血率分别为13.9%，14.7%和17.1%，2020—2022年分别为19.3%，15.9%，26.6%，2018—2022年分别为17.6%，15.5%，23.6%，大班儿童的贫血率均高于小班和中班(χ²值分别为10.7，204.6，186.8，P值均 < 0.01)。贫血男童、女童和所有儿童的Hb值与其体质量指数(BMI)的相关性均无统计学意义(r值分别为0.03，0.03，0.09，P值均>0.05)。结论宿州市区幼儿园儿童贫血率在国内偏高，新冠病毒感染疫情可能增加了儿童贫血风险。
- 贫血 /
- 患病率 /
- 血红蛋白类 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation and trends of anemia among kindergarten children in urban area of Suzhou from 2018 to 2022, so as to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and intervention in anemia among kindergarten children. Methods From March 2023, a total of 24 178 person-times of children from 59 kindergartens selected by random number table method were enrolled, and their physical examination data from 2018 to 2022 were collected, including hemoglobin (Hb), height, gender, weight. The period of 2018-2019 was defined as before the COVID-19 epidemic, and period of 2020-2022 was defined as the COVID-19 epidemic. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, χ² test and Spearman's correlation analysis. Results From 2018 to 2019, the M(P₂₅, P₇₅) of Hb levels of children in nursery, middle, and senior class were 118 (112, 129), 120 (112, 132) and 122 (113, 134)g/L, respectively, which were higher than that of during 2020-2022 [116(110, 123), 117(111, 124), 119(112, 126)g/L, Z=-10.7, -12.7, -12.9, P < 0.05]. A total of 4 584 person-times of children were anemic, with a detection rate of 19.0%. The overall anemia detection rate of kindergarten children during 2018-2019 was lower than that in 2020-2022 (15.3% vs 20.7%, χ²=100.8, P < 0.05). The anemia detection rate of kindergarten children in 2022 (24.5%) was higher than that in 2020 (20.6%) and in 2021 (17.0%) (χ²=93.9, P < 0.05). The anemia prevalence of children in the nursery, middle, and senior class were 13.9%, 14.7% and 17.1% during 2018-2019, 19.3%, 15.9% and 26.6% during 2020-2022, and 17.6%, 15.5% and 23.6% during 2018-2022, respectively (χ²=10.7, 204.6, 186.8, P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant correlation between Hb values and body mass index (BMI) in boys and girls with anemia, and all children in kindergarten (r=0.03, 0.03, 0.09, P > 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of anemia among kindergarten children in the urban area of Suzhou is relatively high. The COVID-19 pandemic may have increased the risk of anemia among children.
- Anemia /
- Prevalence /
- Hemoglobins /
- Child, preschool
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表 1 宿州市幼儿园不同年级儿童2018—2022年贫血率比较

Table 1. Comparison of anemia rates among children in different grades of kindergartens from 2018 to 2022 in Suzhou City

年级	2018—2019年		2020—2022年
年级	人次	贫血数	人次	贫血数
小班	2 419	336(13.9)	5 133	992(19.3)
中班	2 658	392(14.7)	5 587	890(15.9)
大班	2 680	457(17.1)	5 701	1 517(26.6)
χ²值		10.7		204.6
P值		< 0.01		< 0.01
注：()内数字为贫血率/%。

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