内蒙古地区学生超重肥胖与抑郁共患影响因素分析

马彩霞; 马军; 宋逸; 董彦会; 袁雯; 张秀红; 高昇; 杨田

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.007

内蒙古地区学生超重肥胖与抑郁共患影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.007

马彩霞^{1, 2},
马军³,
宋逸³,
董彦会³,
袁雯³,
张秀红^2, ,,
高昇^2, ,,
杨田²

1.
内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院，呼和浩特 010059
2.
内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科
3.
北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区科技计划项目 2020GG0022

详细信息

作者简介:
马彩霞(1996-)，女，山西忻州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生

通讯作者:
张秀红，E-mail：zxhcdc@163.com

高昇，E-mail：gaosh8899@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R723.14 G444 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-19
- 修回日期: 2023-08-30
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-25

Co-morbidity of overweight, obesity and depression and its influencing factors among students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

MA Caixia^{1, 2},
MA Jun³,
SONG Yi³,
DONG Yanhui³,
YUAN Wen³,
ZHANG Xiuhong^{2
, ,},
GAO Sheng^{2
, ,},
YANG Tian²

1.
School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot (010059), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析2019—2022年内蒙古地区学生超重肥胖与抑郁的流行情况及其共患的相关因素，为预防共患的发生提供科学依据。方法于2019—2022年每年9月采用分层随机整群抽样方法，在内蒙古12个盟市抽取90 519，71 560，90 079，91 089名学生进行问卷调查和体格检查。采用χ²检验进行人口学特征和单因素分析，采用二元Logistic回归模型探究生活习惯行为与超重肥胖和抑郁共患的关联。结果 2019—2022年学生超重肥胖检出率分别为29.21%，34.38%，35.20%，34.61%，抑郁症状检出率分别为18.35%，17.53%，16.43%，16.00%，两者共患检出率分别为5.52%，5.93%，5.76%，5.46%。2022年检出超重肥胖与抑郁共患学生4 978名，学生共患检出率在学段和家庭结构上差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为103.51，99.90，P值均 < 0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，每天喝含糖饮料或吃油炸食品≥1次、有时吃或从来不吃早餐、每天看电脑或电视≥2 h、周末很少数做到或几乎做不到至少1 h中高强度运动与超重肥胖与抑郁共患的发生呈正相关(OR值分别为1.17~1.59，P值均 < 0.05)，一周内每天吃新鲜水果或喝牛奶豆浆≥1次、每天户外活动时间≥1 h、每天睡眠时长≥8 h、不吸烟、不饮酒和超重肥胖与抑郁共患的发生呈负相关(OR=0.47~0.92，P值均 < 0.05)。结论学生超重肥胖和抑郁共患发生与饮食、运动及生活习惯行为相关，应采取针对性措施保持学生的健康体重及预防抑郁的发生。
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 抑郁 /
- 共病现象 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight, obesity and depression among students in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2019-2022 and explore the relevant factors affecting the co-morbidity of overweight, obesity and depression among students, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of co-morbidity. Methods From September 2019 to 2022, used stratified random cluster sampling, 90 519, 71 560, 90 079, 91 089 students were selected from all 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for questionnaire survey and physical examination. The χ² test was used for demographic characteristics and univariate analysis, and a binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the association between lifestyle behaviors and co-morbidity. Results The detection rate of overweight, obesity among students from 2019-2022 was 29.21%, 34.38%, 35.20%, 34.61%, the detection rate of depression was 18.35%, 17.53%, 16.43%, 16.00%, and the co-morbidity detection rate of the two was 5.52%, 5.93%, 5.76%, 5.46%. The number of overweight, obesity and depression co-morbidity students in 2022 was 4 978 students, and the co-morbidity detection rates of the students were significantly different in terms of the school segments and the family structures (χ²=103.51, 99.90, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that consuming sugar-sweetened beverages or fried food ≥1 time/d, sometimes or never eat breakfast, watching computer or TV ≥2 h/d, and less than 1 h of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekends were positively correlated with the occurrence of the co-morbidity of overweight, obesity and depression, with the value of OR ranging from 1.17 to 1.59 (P < 0.05). Eated fresh fruits or drinking milk and soy milk ≥1 time/d, outdoor activities ≥1 h/d, sleep ≥8 h/d, not smoking and not drinking alcohol were negatively correlated with the occurrence of comorbid overweight, obesity and depression, with the value of OR ranging from 0.47 to 0.92 (P < 0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of overweight, obesity and depressive symptoms co-morbidity in students is associated with dietary, exercise and lifestyle behavior. Targeted measures should be taken to maintain students' healthy weight and prevent the occurrence of depression from the aspects of diet, exercise and life habits.
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Depression /
- Comorbidity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Minority groups
注释:

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表 1 内蒙古2022年不同人口统计学特征学生超重肥胖与抑郁共患率比较

Table 1. Comparison of overweight, obesity and depression co-morbidity of students with different demographic characteristics from Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region in 2022

组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	44 729	2 474(5.53)	0.74	0.39
	女	46 360	2 504(5.40)
监测点	城区	31 342	1 756(5.60)	1.75	0.19
	旗县	59 747	3 222(5.39)
学段	初中	52 798	2 654(5.03)	103.51	< 0.01
	普高	29 586	1 886(6.37)
	职高	4 629	294(6.35)
	大学	4 076	144(3.53)
经济片区	好	26 588	1 412(5.31)	1.91	0.38
	中	37 679	2 071(5.50)
	差	26 822	1 495(5.57)
家庭结构	核心家庭	53 452	2 632(4.92)	99.90	< 0.01
	大家庭	11 363	633(5.57)
	单亲家庭	12 211	779(6.38)
	重组家庭	2 519	203(8.06)
	其他家庭	11 544	731(6.33)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 内蒙古2022年学生超重肥胖与抑郁共患的单因素分析

Table 2. Univariate analysis of overweight, obesity and depression co-morbidity of students from Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region in 2022

因素	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
每天喝含糖饮料	< 1	85 503	4 467(5.22)	156.24	< 0.01
次数	≥1	5 586	511(9.15)
每天吃油炸食品	< 1	86 895	4 597(5.29)	111.48	< 0.01
次数	≥1	4 194	381(9.08)
每天吃新鲜水果	< 1	37 061	2 412(6.51)	131.62	< 0.01
次数	≥1	54 028	2 566(4.75)
每天吃新鲜蔬菜	< 1	20 412	1 316(6.45)	49.12	< 0.01
次数	≥1	70 677	3 662(5.18)
一周内吃早餐次数	天天吃	61 322	2 654(4.33)	469.56	< 0.01
	有时吃或从来不吃	29 767	2 324(7.81)
每天喝牛奶或豆浆	< 1	53 221	3 155(5.93)	53.15	< 0.01
次数	≥1	37 868	1 823(4.81)
周末每天至少1 h	多数或都能做到	47 388	2 015(4.25)	281.24	< 0.01
中高强度运动	少数做到或几乎做不到	43 701	2 963(6.78)
平均每周上体育课	≤2	47 781	2 841(5.95)	44.99	< 0.01
节数	>2	43 308	2 137(4.93)
每天看电视时长/h	< 2	80 076	4 007(5.00)	272.43	< 0.01
	≥2	11 013	971(8.82)
每天看电脑时长/h	< 2	84 504	4 369(5.17)	196.66	< 0.01
	≥2	6 585	609(9.25)
每天户外活动时长	< 1	22 838	1 469(6.43)	55.20	< 0.01
/h	≥1	68 251	3 509(5.14)
每天睡眠时长/h	< 8	66 338	4 028(6.07)	174.08	< 0.01
	≥8	24 751	950(3.84)
是否吸烟	是	6 974	834(11.96)	616.42	< 0.01
	否	84 115	4 144(4.93)
是否喝酒	是	16 911	1 814(10.73)	1 112.86	< 0.01
	否	74 178	3 164(4.27)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 2022年内蒙古学生超重肥胖与抑郁共患的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=91 089)

Table 3. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis of overweight, obesity and depression co-morbidity among Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region students in 2022(n=91 089)

自变量	选项	β值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
学段	初中				1.00
	普高	-0.02	0.22	0.64	0.98(0.92~1.05)
	职高	-0.20	16.33	< 0.01	0.77(0.67~0.87)
	大学	-0.94	109.01	< 0.01	0.39(0.33~0.47)
家庭结构	核心家庭				1.00
	大家庭	0.11	5.62	0.02	1.12(1.02~1.22)
	单亲家庭	0.20	22.57	< 0.01	1.23(1.13~1.33)
	重组家庭	0.33	17.71	< 0.01	1.39(1.19~1.61)
	其他家庭	0.22	23.98	< 0.01	1.25(1.14~1.36)
每天喝含糖饮料次数	< 1				1.00
	≥1	0.16	8.80	< 0.01	1.18(1.06~1.31)
每天吃油炸食品次数	< 1				1.00
	≥1	0.16	6.30	0.01	1.17(1.04~1.32)
每天吃新鲜水果次数	< 1				1.00
	≥1	-0.13	17.75	< 0.01	0.88(0.82~0.93)
每天吃新鲜蔬菜次数	< 1				1.00
	≥1	-0.07	4.34	0.04	0.93(0.87~1.00)
一周内吃早餐次数	天天吃				1.00
	有时吃或从来不吃	0.46	228.335	< 0.01	1.59(1.50~1.69)
每天喝豆浆、牛奶次数	< 1				1.00
	≥1	-0.08	6.87	0.01	0.92(0.86~0.98)
周末每天至少1 h中高强度运动	多数或都能做到				1.00
	少数或几乎做不到	0.34	120	< 0.01	1.41(1.32~1.49)
每天看电视时长/h	< 2				1.00
	≥2	0.32	58.7	< 0.01	1.38(1.27~1.50)
每天看电脑时长/h	< 2				1.00
	≥2	0.29	31.63	< 0.01	1.34(1.21~1.48)
每天户外活动时长/h	< 1				1.00
	≥1	-0.17	25.82	< 0.01	0.85(0.79~0.90)
每天睡眠时长/h	< 8				1.00
	≥8	-0.36	87.2	< 0.01	0.70(0.65~0.75)
是否吸烟	是				1.00
	否	-0.36	60.35	< 0.01	0.70(0.64~0.76)
是否饮酒	是				1.00
	否	-0.76	441.19	< 0.01	0.47(0.44~0.50)

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