内蒙古地区2021年中学生校园欺凌与抑郁共发趋势及与饮食方式的相关性

张秀红; 宋逸; 董彦会; 袁雯; 杨田; 赵静; 赵菊芳

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.006

内蒙古地区2021年中学生校园欺凌与抑郁共发趋势及与饮食方式的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.006

张秀红¹,
宋逸²,
董彦会²,
袁雯²,
杨田¹,
赵静^1, ,,
赵菊芳^1, ,

1.
内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科，呼和浩特 010031
2.
北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区科技计划项目 2020GG0022

详细信息

作者简介:
张秀红(1979-)，女，内蒙古呼和浩特人，硕士，副主任技师，主要研究方向为学生常见病监测与干预、青少年健康促进

通讯作者:
赵静，E-mail: 519397714@qq.com

赵菊芳，E-mail: 1203093748@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 R155.1 R179
计量
- 文章访问数: 280
- HTML全文浏览量: 173
- PDF下载量: 53
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-21
- 修回日期: 2023-08-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-25

Co-occurrence trend of school bullying and depression and its correlation with dietary patterns among middle school students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021

1.
Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot (010031), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解2021年内蒙古地区中学生校园欺凌和抑郁共发与饮食方式的相关性，为预防校园欺凌和抑郁提供理论参考依据。方法 2021年9月采用分层随机整群抽样方法，在内蒙古自治区12个盟市抽取87 414名中学生作为研究对象，使用流调用抑郁量表(CES-D)对学生抑郁情况进行调查；依据《全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案》中有关校园欺凌条目判定校园欺凌，同时分析学生校园欺凌抑郁共发情况。采用χ²检验和二元Logistic回归方法进行统计学分析。结果 2021年内蒙古地区中学生抑郁症状检出率为15.24%，校园欺凌检出率为3.02%，校园欺凌和抑郁共发率为1.64%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，初中生、女生更容易共发校园欺凌和抑郁(OR值分别为1.52，1.10)，吃油炸食品每天 < 1和≥1次、吸烟、饮酒与学生校园欺凌抑郁共发呈正相关(OR值分别为2.15，2.11，2.14，1.70)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论内蒙古地区中学生校园欺凌与抑郁共发受多种饮食方式的影响，减少薯条炸鸡等油炸食物的摄入、不吸烟、不饮酒可有效降低校园欺凌抑郁共发的现象。
- 暴力 /
- 饮食习惯 /
- 抑郁 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between school bullying and depressive symptoms comorbidity and dietary patterns among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2021, so as to provide reference for the prevention of school bullying and depressive symptoms. Methods In September 2021, stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 87 414 middle school students in 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depression, and the bullying was determined according to the items related to bullying in the program of Chinese National Surveillance on Students' Common Diseases and Risk Factors. Results In 2021, the detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was 15.24%, school bullying was 3.02%, and the co-occurrence of school bullying and depression was 1.64%. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school students (OR=1.52) and girls (OR=1.10) were more likely to suffer from comorbidity of school bullying and depression (P < 0.05). Eating fried food less than one and more than once a day, smoking and drinking were positively correlated with school bullying and depression comorbidity (OR=2.15, 2.11, 2.14, 1.70, P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of bullying and depression among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is affected by various dietary methods. In terms of diet, reducing the intake of fried food, no smoking, no drinking can effectively reduce the incidence of co-occurrence school bullying and depression.
- Violence /
- Food habits /
- Depression /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Minority groups
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 2021年内蒙古不同人口统计学特征中学生校园欺凌和抑郁症状及共发检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of school bullying, depressive symptoms and the co-occurrence among middle school students with different demographic characteristics in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021

人口统计学指标		人数	统计值	言语欺凌	躯体欺凌	关系欺凌	抑郁症状	校园欺凌抑郁共发
性别	男	43 268		666(1.54)	143(0.33)	732(1.69)	5 877(13.58)	761(1.76)
	女	44 146		528(1.20)	67(0.15)	507(1.15)	7 441(16.86)	675(1.53)
			χ²值	84.24	143.84	46.16	317.02	7.14
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.01
学段	初中	54 767		1 402(2.56)	511(0.93)	818(1.49)	7 368(13.45)	946(1.73)
	高中	32 647		705(2.16)	266(0.81)	421(1.29)	5 950(18.23)	490(1.50)
			χ²值	13.95	3.25	6.10	620.80	6.49
			P值	< 0.01	0.07	0.01	< 0.01	0.01
监测点	城区	25 375		526(2.07)	191(0.75)	318(1.25)	3 895(15.35)	348(1.37)
	郊县	62 039		1 581(2.55)	586(0.94)	921(1.48)	9 423(15.19)	1 088(1.75)
			χ²值	186.01	199.15	171.57	549.33	147.11
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
家庭结构	核心家庭	52 199		1 028(1.97)	340(0.65)	593(1.14)	7 158(13.71)	697(1.33)
	大家庭	12 993		317(2.44)	103(0.79)	167(1.29)	1 883(14.49)	189(1.45)
	单亲家庭	10 447		282(2.70)	118(1.13)	171(1.64)	1 914(18.32)	219(2.10)
	重组家庭	2 691		107(3.98)	23(0.85)	49(1.82)	694(25.79)	70(2.60)
	其他家庭	9 084		373(4.11)	193(2.12)	259(2.85)	1 669(18.37)	261(2.87)
			χ²值	67.46	27.90	25.37	476.13	57.00
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 内蒙古中学生校园欺凌抑郁共发的单因素分析

Table 2. Single factor analysis of comorbidity of school bullying and depression in middle school students from Inner Mongolia Atunomous Region

校园欺凌抑郁共发	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
喝含糖饮料/(次·d^-1)	0	28 668	352(1.23)	304.22	< 0.01
	< 1	54 273	870(1.61)
	≥1	4 473	214(4.78)
吃油炸食品/(次·d^-1)	0	26 210	339(1.30)	293.98	< 0.01
	< 1	57 370	903(1.57)
	≥1	3 834	194(5.06)
是否吃优质蛋白类早餐	是	67 238	973(1.45)	67.84	< 0.01
	否	20 176	463(2.29)
是否吸烟	否	80 393	1 090(1.36)	508.14	< 0.01
	是	7 021	346(4.93)
是否饮酒	是	16 457	597(3.63)	492.38	< 0.01
	否	70 957	839(1.18)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 内蒙古中学生校园欺凌抑郁共发影响因素的Logistic回归分析(n=87 414)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of factors influencing comorbidities of school bullying and depression in middleschool students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regrion(n=87 414)

自变量与常量	选项	β值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
学段	初中	0.42	48.64	＜0.01	1.52(1.32~1.78)
性别	女生	0.10	6.30	＜0.01	1.10(0.96~1.33)
监测点	城区	-0.22	2.95	0.13	0.81(0.61~1.13)
家庭结构	核心家庭	-0.19	0.70	0.47	0.81(0.57~1.31)
	大家庭	-0.36	1.11	0.39	0.72(0.40~1.31)
	单亲家庭	0.29	0.54	0.49	1.15(0.68~2.11)
	其他家庭	0.24	3.00	0.09	0.79(0.60~1.03)
喝含糖饮料/(次·d^-1)	0	-0.05	0.06	0.80	0.97(0.73~1.62)
	< 1	-0.22	1.46	0.28	0.81(0.63~1.19)
吃油炸食品/(次·d^-1)	< 1	0.75	48.94	＜0.01	2.15(1.80~2.73)
	≥1	0.71	53.56	＜0.01	2.11(1.77~2.73)
是否优质蛋白类早餐	是	-0.19	5.12	0.09	0.93(0.71~1.06)
是否吸烟	是	0.75	82.98	＜0.01	2.14(1.72~2.45)
是否饮酒	是	0.77	21.53	＜0.01	1.70(1.20~2.43)
常量		-7.56	31.08	＜0.01	0.19

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(17)

[1]	宋琨鹏. 换一个思考的角度: 校园欺凌中的旁观者效应[J]. 大众心理学, 2021(8): 21-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXI202108012.htm SONG K P. Think from another angle: bystander effect in school bullying[J]. Popul Psychol, 2021(8): 21-22. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXI202108012.htm
[2]	林丹华, 李晓燕, 王晓蕾. 我国校园欺凌预防干预工作体系的探索[J]. 伤害医学, 2018, 7(3): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHYD201803002.htm LIN D H, LI X Y, WANG X L. Establishing exploration of prevention system for school bullying in China[J]. Inj Med, 2018, 7(3): 1-5. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHYD201803002.htm
[3]	任海涛. 校园欺凌的概念界定及其法律责任[J]. 华东师范大学学报, 2017, 35(2): 43-50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDXK201702005.htm REN H T. The definition of school bullying and its legal responsibility[J]. J East Chin Norm Univ, 2017, 35(2): 43-50. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDXK201702005.htm
[4]	LEREYA S T, COPELAND W E, COSTELLO E J, et al. Adult mental health conse-quences of peer bullying and maltreatment in childhood: two cohorts in two countries[J]. Lancet Psychiatry, 2015, 2(6): 524-531. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00165-0
[5]	中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会办公厅. 关于印发2021年全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案的通知(国卫办疾控函[2021]142号)[A]. 2021-03-23. General Office of the National Health Commission of the PRC. Notice on the issuance of the Work Plan for Monitoring and Intervention of Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors among Students in 2021(CDC Letter[2021]No. 142 of the National Health Office)[A]. 2021-03-23. (in Chinese)
[6]	杨文辉, 周烃, 彭芳, 等. 湖南省岳阳县青少年抑郁的流行病学调查[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2013, 21(6): 937-941. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY201306016.htm YANG W H, ZHOU T, PENG F, et al. An epidemiological survey of adolescent depression in Yueyang County, Hunan Province[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2013, 21(6): 937-941. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY201306016.htm
[7]	章婕, 吴振云, 方格, 等. 流调中心抑郁量表全国城市常模的建立[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2010, 24(2): 139-143. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS201002019.htm ZHANG J, WU Z Y, FANG G, et al. Development of the Chinese age norms of CES-D in urban area[J]. Chin Ment Health J, 2010, 24(2): 139-143. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS201002019.htm
[8]	MCLEOD G F, HORWOOD L J, FERQUSSON D M. Adolescent depression, adult mental health and psychosoual outcomes at 30 and 35 years[J]. Psychol Med, 2016, 46(7): 1401-1412.
[9]	刘小群, 杨孟思, 彭畅, 等. 校园欺凌中不同角色中学生的焦虑抑郁情绪[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2021, 35(6): 475-481. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS202106010.htm LIU X Q, YANG M S, PENG C, et al. Anxiety emotion and depressive mood of middle school students with different roles in school bullying[J]. Chin Ment Health J, 2021, 35(6): 475-481. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS202106010.htm
[10]	谭玉鑫, 何婷, 丁菀, 等. 家庭社会经济地位与儿童抑郁症状的关系: 多重中介效应分析[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2023, 31(1): 136-141. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY202301024.htm TAN Y X, HE T, DING Y, et al. The relationship between family socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms: analysis of multiple mediation effect[J]. Chin J Clin Psychol, 2023, 31(1): 136-141. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLCY202301024.htm
[11]	孙可馨. 家庭社会经济地位与青少年抑郁症状的关系: 负性生活事件的中介作用及其性别差异[J]. 心理月刊, 2021, 16(24): 15-17, 113. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLYK202124004.htm SUN K X. Family socioeconomic status and adolescent depressive symptoms: the mediation effect of negative life events and its gender difference[J]. Psychol Magaz, 2021, 16(24): 15-17, 113. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLYK202124004.htm
[12]	俞彬彬. 初中生抑郁状况影响因素分析与对策研究[J]. 中小学心理健康教育, 2018(31): 13-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXXK201831005.htm YU B B. Analysis of influencing factors and countermeasures of depression in junior middle school students[J]. Ment Health Educ Prim Second Sch, 2018(31): 13-16. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXXK201831005.htm
[13]	曾直, 罗小玲, 杨永华, 等. 不同欺凌类型与高职院校学生抑郁、焦虑的关联及其性别差异分析[J]. 心理月刊, 2023, 18(2): 44-47. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLYK202302007.htm ZENG Z, LUO X L, YANG Y H, et al. Analysis on the relationship between different types of bullying and depression and anxiety of vocational college students and their gender differences[J]. Psychol Magaz, 2023, 18(2): 44-47. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLYK202302007.htm
[14]	孙经, 李凤娟, 杨汴生, 等. 河南省受欺侮初中生心理健康状况分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2017, 44(21): 3900-3905, 3909. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF201721017.htm SUN J, LI F J, YANG B S, et al. Psychological well-being of bullied junior high school students, Henan[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2017, 44(21): 3900-3905, 3909. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF201721017.htm
[15]	严杰, 王宏, 唐银霜, 等. 中学生抑郁症状与不良饮食行为的关联[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2023, 37(7): 583-589. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS202307006.htm YAN J, WANG H, TANG Y S, et al. Correlation of depressive symptoms and unhealthy eating behaviors in middle school students[J]. Chin Ment Health J, 2023, 37(7): 583-589. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS202307006.htm
[16]	王健, 李春玫, 谢飞, 等. 江西省高中生校园欺凌影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(12): 1814-1817. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.12.014 WANG J, LI C M, XIE F, et al. Associated factors of bullying in high school students in Jiangxi Province[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2018, 39(12): 1814-1817. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.12.014
[17]	唐冬纯, 蔡伟聪, 李丽萍. 广州留守与非留守儿童校园受欺凌情况及其影响因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(7): 1050-1053. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.07.026 TANG D C, CAI W C, LI L P. Analysis of influencing factors on school bullying among leftover and non-leftover children in Guangzhou[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2018, 39(7): 1050-1053. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.07.026