Association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and physical fitness index among college students
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摘要:
目的 探索大学生含糖饮料消费状况及其与身体体能的关联, 为大学生身体体能的提高和干预提供参考。 方法 2021年9—12月, 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法, 在吉林、安徽、江西、新疆、上海对5 520名大学生进行含糖饮料消费与身体体能各指标的调查和测试。采用单因素方差分析和Logistic回归分析的方法, 分析含糖饮料消费与身体体能指数(PFI)之间的关联。 结果 大学生含糖饮料消费频次0, 1~3, 4~5, ≥6次/周的比例分别为10.3%, 67.2%, 13.9%, 8.6%。不同含糖饮料消费频次大学生的腰围、握力、立定跳远、坐位体前屈、50 m跑、1 000/800 m跑成绩相比较, 差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为8.67, 7.22, 11.20, 13.47, 3.98, 2.86, P值均＜0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示, 与大学生含糖饮料消费0次/周者相比, 消费4~5, ≥6次/周者发生PFI不足的风险较高(OR值分别为1.48, 1.56, P值均＜0.05)。男生含糖饮料消费≥6次/周者发生PFI不足的风险也较高(OR=2.01, P＜0.05), 而女生中两者关联无统计学意义。 结论 中国大学生含糖饮料消费与PFI呈负相关, 且存在性别差异。应针对大学生, 尤其男生, 提高健康素养水平, 减少含糖饮料的消费量, 提高身体体能水平。 Abstract:Objective To understand the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption with physical fitness index among college students, so as to provide a reference for the improvement and intervention of college students' physical fitness. Methods From September to December 2021, a total of 5 520 college students from universities in Jilin, Anhui, Jiangxi, Xinjiang, and Shanghai, were surveyed with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and physical fitness using stratified cluster sampling. One-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association between sugary drink consumption and physical fitness index (PFI). Results The frequencies of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among college students were 10.3%, 67.2%, 13.9%, and 8.6% for 0, 1-3, 4-5, and ≥ 6 times/week, respectively. The differences in waist circumference, grip strength, standing long jumping, sit- and -reach, 50-meter running, and 1 000/800 meter running performance were statistically significant among college students with varying sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (F=8.67, 7.22, 11.20, 13.47, 3.98, 2.86, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that those who had sugary drinks 4-5 times/week, ≥ 6 times/week had a higher risk of low PFI compared to those who reported no sugary drinks (OR=1.48, 1.56, P < 0.05). With respect to gender, the risk of low PFI was also higher among male students who consumed sugary drinks ≥6 times/week (OR=2.01, P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference among female students. Conclusion Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is negatively associated with the physical fitness index among college students with significant gender differences. College students, especially males, should be targeted to improve health literacy, reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, so as to improve physical fitness. -
Key words:
- Carbohydrates /
- Beverages /
- Physical fitness /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 每周不同含糖饮料消费频次大学生各特征分布比较
Table 1. Comparison of distribution of characteristics of college students with different consumption frequencies of sugary drinks in a week
消费频次/次 人数 性别 早餐/(次·周-1) 视屏时间/(min·d-1) 睡眠持续时间/(h·d-1) 男生 女生 0 1~3 4~5 ≥6 ＜60 60~120 ＞120 ＜7 7~8 ＞8 0 567 285(50.3) 282(49.7) 71(12.5) 84(14.8) 91(16.0) 321(56.6) 79(13.9) 53(9.3) 435(76.7) 165(29.1) 343(60.5) 59(10.4) 1~3 3 710 1 485(40.0) 2 225(60.0) 185(5.0) 800(21.6) 1 100(29.6) 1 625(43.8) 160(4.3) 322(8.7) 3 228(87.0) 999(26.9) 2 408(64.9) 303(8.2) 4~5 769 361(46.9) 408(53.1) 57(7.4) 193(25.1) 246(32.0) 273(35.5) 26(3.4) 55(7.2) 688(89.5) 225(29.3) 472(61.4) 72(9.4) ≥6 474 241(50.8) 233(49.2) 70(14.8) 95(20.0) 128(27.0) 181(38.2) 26(5.5) 39(8.2) 409(86.3) 157(33.1) 259(54.6) 58(12.2) 注：()内数字为构成比/%。 
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表 2 每周不同含糖饮料消费频次大学生身体体能比较(x±s)
Table 2. Comparison of physical fitness of college students with different consumption frequencies of sugary drinks in a week(x±s)
消费频次/次 人数 腰围/cm 握力/kg 立定跳远/cm 坐位体前屈/cm 50 m跑/s 1 000 (800 m)跑/s 0 567 71.73±10.45 36.74±10.48 201.92±34.45 17.19±5.33 8.55±1.13 250.99±27.34 1~3 3 710 71.80±10.51 35.12±10.45 196.34±32.40 17.08±5.45 8.69±1.10 251.81±26.31 4~5 769 72.92±11.94 36.25±10.90 201.33±34.33 16.23±5.21 8.60±1.17 253.86±27.61 ≥6 474 74.23±12.10 36.64±10.91 202.46±34.93 15.70±5.66 8.58±1.18 254.61±30.35 F值 8.67 7.22 11.20 13.47 3.98 2.86 P值 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 0.01 0.04
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表 3 每周不同含糖饮料消费频次大学生PFI单因素分析[M(P25, P75)]
Table 3. Univariate analysis of PFI among college students with different frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in a week[M(P25, P75)]
性别 消费频次/次 人数 PFI H值 P值 男 0 285 2.13(0.80, 3.66) 6.07 0.11 1~3 1 485 1.88(0.41, 3.35) 4~5 361 1.91(0.48, 3.57) ≥6 241 1.69(0.19, 3.16) 女 0 282 2.31(0.69, 3.67) 5.77 0.12 1~3 2 225 2.29(1.02, 3.88) 4~5 408 2.10(0.59, 3.75) ≥6 233 2.05(0.79, 3.63) 合计 0 567 2.16(0.77, 3.66) 9.00 0.03 1~3 3 710 2.13(0.78, 3.67) 4~5 769 2.04(0.53, 3.67) ≥6 474 1.86(0.48, 3.26)
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表 4 大学生每周含糖饮料消费与PFI关系Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)]
Table 4. Logistic regression analysis of sugary drink consumption in a week and PFI among college students[OR(95%CI)]
性别 消费频次/次 粗模型 模型1 模型2 男 1~3 1.40(0.92~2.13) 1.35(0.89~2.06) 1.33(0.87~2.03) (n=2 372) 4~5 1.72(1.06~2.79)* 1.62(0.99~2.62) 1.56(0.96~2.55) ≥6 2.34(1.42~3.86)* 2.13(1.29~3.54)* 2.01(1.21~3.35)* 女 1~3 1.00(0.69~1.46) 0.97(0.67~1.41) 0.99(0.68~1.44) (n=3 148) 4~5 1.44(0.93~2.22) 1.39(0.90~2.15) 1.36(0.87~2.12) ≥6 1.29(0.79~2.12) 1.23(0.75~2.02) 1.18(0.71~1.95) 总体 1~3 1.17(0.89~1.55) 1.16(0.88~1.53) 1.17(0.88~1.54) (n=5 520) 4~5 1.57(1.14~2.17)* 1.52(1.10~2.10)* 1.48(1.06~2.05)* ≥6 1.74(1.23~2.47)* 1.64(1.15~2.33)* 1.56(1.10~2.23)* 注：*P＜0.05。
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