实施性研究理论框架在学校卫生中的应用及启示

曹钰璇; 陶芳标; 伍晓艳

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.002

实施性研究理论框架在学校卫生中的应用及启示

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.002

曹钰璇¹,
陶芳标^{1, 2},
伍晓艳^{1, 2, ,}

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系，合肥 230032
2.
出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2021YFC2702100

国家重点研发计划 2021YFC2702105

详细信息

作者简介:
曹钰璇(1999-)，女，安徽宣城人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康

通讯作者:
伍晓艳，E-mail：xywu@ahmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G478 R179
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- 文章访问数: 314
- HTML全文浏览量: 144
- PDF下载量: 57
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-14
- 修回日期: 2023-01-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-25

Application and implications of implementation science framework in school health

CAO Yuxuan¹,
TAO Fangbiao^{1, 2},
WU Xiaoyan^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Department of Maternal with Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei (230032), China

摘要

摘要: 实施性研究作为一门新兴学科，已被广泛应用于多个健康领域，如慢性非传染性疾病的预防与控制、心理健康促进等。然而，中国以学校为基础的实施性研究尚处于起步阶段。通过介绍实施性研究在国外学校卫生领域使用的主要框架，综述其基于学校环境中在营养干预、体力活动和心理健康促进、健康危险行为预防等方面的应用，以期为实施性研究应用于中国学校卫生工作提供理论依据和实践指导。
- 实施科学 /
- 循证实践 /
- 公共卫生 /
- 干预
Abstract: As an emerging discipline, implementation research has been widely used in many health fields, such as the prevention and control of chronic noncommunicable diseases and mental health promotion. However, school-based implementation research in China is still in its infancy. The paper introduces the implementation science framework applied in the field of school health in foreign countries, and reviews its application in nutrition intervention, physical activity and mental health promotion, and prevention of health risk behaviors in school settings, in order to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the application of implementation research in school health in China.
- Implementation science /
- Evidence-based practice /
- Public health /
- Intervention
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 RE-AIM框架维度、层面和内容

Table 1. Dimensions, levels, and content of the RE-AIM framework

维度	层面	框架内容
可及性	个体层面	愿意参加给定计划或项目的人数比例及代表性，以及有资格但未参与的人的特征
有效性	个体层面	干预项目对主要结局的影响，包括潜在的负面影响等
采纳性	个体、组织层面	愿意启动干预项目的环境和负责人(提供计划的人员)的数量、比例和代表性
实施性	个体、组织层面	干预在多大程度上按计划进行，包括不同环境/项目人员之间干预交付的一致性，以及干预计划的时间和成本
可持续性	个体、组织层面	干预项目在多大程度上能够成为组织实践或政策的一部分

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表 2 CFIR框架领域、内容和结构

Table 2. Areas, content, and structures of the CFIR framework

领域	内容	结构
干预方案特征	干预项目的特征及其对于实施的潜在影响	干预来源，证据强度，相对优势，适应性，可适用性，复杂性，设计质量，成本
外部因素	描述干预环境的外部政治、社会背景	患者需求，组织网络，同行或竞争压力，政策、法规和激励
内部因素	描述干预环境的内部结构、政治和文化背景	结构特点，协作与沟通，文化，实施氛围(迫切性，兼容性，相对优先次序，激励与奖励，目标与反馈，学习氛围)，实施准备度(领导层参与，可用资源，信息的可及性)
个体特征	描述参与干预项目的人员	关于干预项目的认知，自我效能感，个人变化阶段，对组织的认同感，其他个人特点
实施过程	从规划阶段开始，召集参与人员评估，全面描述干预项目	规划，参与(意见领袖，正式任命的利益相关者，拥护者，外部变革推动者)，执行，反思

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