不同类别体力活动中小学生校外静坐学习时间与近视关联

朱懿; 许韶君; 张新宇; 赵梦雅; 万宇辉; 陶芳标

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.07.019

不同类别体力活动中小学生校外静坐学习时间与近视关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.07.019

朱懿¹,
许韶君^{1, 2, ,},
张新宇¹,
赵梦雅¹,
万宇辉^{1, 2},
陶芳标^{1, 2}

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系, 合肥 230032
2.
出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2021YFC2702102

国家重点研发计划 2021YFC2702105

安徽高校自然科学研究项目 KJ2021ZD0039

安徽省高校协同创新项目 GXXT-2021-072

详细信息

作者简介:
朱懿(1998-), 男, 安徽阜阳人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿童青少年卫生

通讯作者:
许韶君, E-mail: xushaojun@ahmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G806 R778.1⁺¹ R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-14
- 修回日期: 2023-05-20
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-25

Association between non-school sedentary time and myopia among primary and secondary school students with different levels of physical activity

ZHU Yi¹,
XU Shaojun^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Xinyu¹,
ZHAO Mengya¹,
WAN Yuhui^{1, 2},
TAO Fangbiao^{1, 2}

1.
Department of Maternal with Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析不同类别体力活动中小学生校外静坐学习时间与近视关联, 为近视防控精准施策提供科学依据。方法于2019年9-12月, 采用分层随机整群抽取安徽省合肥市、宿州市、池州市、芜湖市7 872名小学四至六年级、初中和高中学生, 通过问卷调查收集人口学基本特征、不同强度体力活动及校外静坐学习时间, 采用远视力检查和非睫状肌麻痹下电脑验光进行视力筛查。运用潜在类别分析将中小学生不同强度体力活动分类, Logistic回归分析不同类别体力活动的中小学生校外静坐学习时间与近视的关联。结果高体力活动水平中小学生共2 976名, 低体力活动水平中小学生4 896名。女生低体力活动水平报告率(68.7%)高于男生(55.6%), 差异有统计学意义(χ²=143.97, P < 0.01)。总体筛查性近视率为48.2%, 其中女生(53.0%)高于男生(43.3%)、城市学生(51.8%)高于农村学生(44.5%)、较长校外静坐学习时间学生(60.6%)高于一般(45.1%)和较短(42.1%)校外静坐学习时间学生, 差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为73.15, 41.96, 161.74, P值均 < 0.01)。调整城乡、年级、性别、年龄、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度和体质量指数(BMI)等混杂因素后, 多因素Logistic回归分析发现, 低体力活动水平的中小学生较长校外静坐学习时间与近视呈正相关(OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.27~1.83, P < 0.01), 高体力活动水平的中小学生校外静坐学习时间与近视关联无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论近视防控应关注低体力活动水平中小学生的校外静坐学习时间, 鼓励校外静坐时间长的学生保持高体力活动水平, 以降低近视风险。
- 运动活动 /
- 静坐行为 /
- 时间 /
- 近视 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the association between non-school sedentary time and myopia among primary and secondary school students with different levels of physical activity, so as to provide data for precise measures to prevent and control myopia. Methods From September to December 2019, stratified cluster sampling was used to select 7 872 primary and secondary students in grades 4 to 12, middle and high school students from Hefei, Suzhou, Chizhou and Wuhu Cities in Anhui Province.Face-to-face questionnaires and vision examinations were conducted to collect demographic information, physical activity time, sedentary study time and visual health status.Potential categories were analyzed for different types of physical activity time, and Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between non-school sedentary time and myopia at different levels of physical activity. Results A total of 2 976 primary and secondary school students were found with high physical activity levels and 4 896 primary and secondary school students with low physical activity levels.The proportion of low physical activity was higher in girls than in boys (68.7%vs.55.6%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=143.97, P < 0.01).The overall screening myopia rate was 48.2%, with statistically significant differences among female students (53.0%) compared with male students (43.3%), urban students (51.8%) compared with rural students (44.5%), and longer non-school sedentary time students (60.6%) compared with average (45.1%) and shorter (42.1%) non-school sedentary time students, and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=73.15, 41.96, 161.74, P < 0.01).Adjusting for confounders such as residence, grade, gender, age, father's education, mother's education, and body mass index (BMI), multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that prolonged after-school sedentary study was positivety correlated with myopia among primary and secondary school students of low physical activity levels (OR=1.52, 95%CI=1.27-1.83, P < 0.01), and there was no statistical association between after-school sedentary time and myopia in primary and secondary school students with high physical activity levels (P>0.05). Conclusion Attention should be paid to non-school sedentary time for primary and secondary school students with low physical activity levels.And students who spend a lot of time sitting outside of school should be encouraged to maintain high physical activity levels to reduce the risk of myopia.
- Motor activity /
- Sedentary behavior /
- Time /
- Myopia /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

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表 1 中小学生体力活动的潜在类别分析模型指标(n=7 872)

Table 1. Latent class analysis model indicators for physical activity among primary and secondary school students(n=7 872)

类别	k	AIC值	BIC值	aBIC值	Entropy	LMR(P)	BLRT(P)
1	3	27 274.78	27 295.69	27 286.16	—	—	—
2	7	24 662.93	24 711.73	24 689.48	0.60	< 0.01	< 0.01
3	11	24 670.93	24 747.61	24 712.66	0.55	0.50	1.00
4	15	24 678.93	24 783.50	24 735.83	0.44	0.26	1.00

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表 2 不同组别中小学生筛查性近视率比较

Table 2. Comparison of screening myopia prevalence among primary and secondary school students with different groups

组别	选项	人数	筛查性近视人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	3 904	1 692(43.3)	73.15	＜0.01
	女	3 968	2 102(53.0)
学段	小学	2 432	509(20.9)	1 300.03	＜0.01
	初中	2 510	1 224(48.8)
	高中	2 930	2 061(70.3)
居住地	城市	3 968	2 056(51.8)	41.96	＜0.01
	农村	3 904	1 738(44.5)
父亲文化程度	初中及以下	4 545	2 246(49.4)	18.93	＜0.01
	高中	1 624	790(48.6)
	大学及以上	1 217	566(46.5)
	不清楚	486	192(39.5)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	5 052	2 550(50.5)	34.22	＜0.01
	高中	1 282	588(45.9)
	大学及以上	984	433(44.0)
	不清楚	554	223(40.3)
BMI	正常	5 129	2 461(48.0)	6.37	0.10
	消瘦	267	121(45.3)
	超重	1 432	674(47.1)
	肥胖	1 044	538(51.5)
睡眠时间	充足	2 109	854(40.5)	68.46	＜0.01
	不充足	5 763	2 940(51.0)
校外静坐学习时间	较短	1 858	782(42.1)	161.74	＜0.01
	一般	4 090	1 846(45.1)
	较长	1 924	1 166(60.6)
体力活动水平	低	4 896	2 494(50.9)	39.04	＜0.01
	高	2 976	1 300(43.7)
注： ()内数字为近视率/%。

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表 3 不同体力活动水平下校外静坐学习时间与筛查性近视的多因素分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Multi factorial analysis of after-school sedentary study time and screening myopia at different physical activity levels[OR(95%CI)]

校外静坐学习时间	男生(n=3 904)		女生(n=3 968)		合计(n=7 872)
校外静坐学习时间	低体力活动水平	高体力活动水平	低体力活动水平	高体力活动水平	低体力活动水平	高体力活动水平
较短	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
一般	1.04 (0.83~1.30)	1.15 (0.88~1.51)	1.27 (1.03~1.58)^*	1.16 (0.83~1.64)	1.15 (0.98~1.34)	1.14 (0.93~1.41)
较长	1.37 (1.05~1.79)^*	1.32 (0.96~1.80)	1.71 (1.32~2.20)^**	1.24 (0.84~1.83)	1.52 (1.27~1.83)^**	1.26 (0.99~1.61)
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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