农村地区家长幼儿性教育知识态度行为一致率及影响因素

闫润; 李卉; 刘娅; 张容; 叶运莉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.07.013

农村地区家长幼儿性教育知识态度行为一致率及影响因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.07.013

西南医科大学公共卫生学院，四川泸州 646000

基金项目:

四川省性社会学与性教育研究中心项目 SXJYA1801

西南医科大学2021年科研项目 2021KPPX01

详细信息

作者简介:
闫润(2000-)，女，山东菏泽人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为健康教育

通讯作者:
叶运莉，E-mail：wushuangyewu@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G78 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-21
- 修回日期: 2023-04-04
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-25

Consistency and influencing factors in parents' knowledge, attitude and practice about early childhood sex education in rural areas

School of Public Health, Southeast Medical University, Luzhou(646000), Sichuan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解农村家长幼儿性教育知识态度行为(以下简称“知信行”)一致率及影响因素，为改善农村幼儿性教育现状提出有效的建议和对策。方法于2019年3—5月，采用多阶段分层抽样的方法对四川农村地区16所幼儿园的1 015名家长进行幼儿性教育知信行情况的问卷调查，采用χ²检验和多因素Logistic回归分析影响家长幼儿性教育知信行一致的因素。结果家长幼儿性教育的知识及格率、支持率、开展率依次为64.9%，85.9%，44.7%，知信行一致率为30.2%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，家长年龄＜31岁(OR=5.35，95%CI=2.93~9.77)、31~40岁(OR=4.82，95%CI=2.65~8.76)和41~50岁(OR=2.37，95%CI=1.10~5.11), 母亲文化程度为初中(OR=3.67，95%CI=1.75~7.69)、中专/高中(OR=2.83，95%CI=1.32~6.05)和大专/本科及以上(OR=5.44，95%CI=2.23~12.98)，孩子问过性相关问题(OR=2.00，95%CI=1.44~2.78)，家人对孩子开展过性教育(OR=5.38，95%CI=3.82~7.59)和认为父母应负责幼儿性教育(OR=2.58，95%CI=1.40~4.74)的家长幼儿性教育知信行一致率更高(P值均 < 0.05)。结论四川农村地区家长幼儿性教育的支持率高，知识及格率和开展率低，知信行一致率低。应注重加强对农村地区的宣传和教育，尤其关注年龄大、文化程度低、不支持和未开展过幼儿性教育的家长。
- 性教育 /
- 健康知识，态度，实践 /
- 回归分析 /
- 法定监护人 /
- 农村人口
Abstract: Objective To understand the consistency and factors influencing rural parents' knowledge, attitude and practice about early childhood sex education, so as to put forward effective suggestions and countermeasures for improving childhood sex education in rural areas. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of early childhood sex education among 1 015 parents in 16 kindergartens in rural areas of Sichuan from March to May 2019. Chi-square text and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze factors affecting the consistency of parents' knowledge, attitude and practice of childhood sex education. Results Nearly 64.9%, 85.9% and 44.7% of parents with sufficient knowledge, support, and implement of early children's sex education, respectively, and the consistency rate of knowledge, attitude and practice were 30.2%. The results of the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parents aged < 31 years (OR=5.35, 95%CI=2.93-9.77), 31-40 years (OR=4.82, 95%CI=2.65-8.76) and 41-50 years (OR=2.37, 95%CI=1.10-5.11), and the mother's education level being middle school (OR=3.67, 95%CI=1.75-7.69), secondary/high school (OR=2.83, 95%CI=1.32-6.05) and college/bachelor's degree and above (OR=5.44, 95%CI=2.23-12.98), sex-related questions asked by child (OR=2.00, 95%CI=1.44-2.78), having sex education in the family (OR=5.38, 95% CI=3.82-7.59), believing that parents should be responsible for sex education for young children (OR=2.58, 95%CI=1.40-4.74) had a higher consistency rate of knowledge, attitude and practice in early childhood sex education (P < 0.05). Conclusion In rural areas of Sichuan, although parents highly support early childhood sex education, the eligible rate of knowledge and the implementing rate are quite low, as well as the consistent rate of knowledge, attitude and practice. Relevant departments should pay attention to strengthen publicity and education, especially among older parents, low-educated parents and those opposed to or not yet implementing child sex education.
- Sex education /
- Health knowledge, attitudes, practice /
- Regression analysis /
- Legal guardians /
- Rural population
注释:

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表 1 不同组别家长幼儿性教育知信行一致率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the consistency rate of parents' knowledge, attitude and practice about early children's sex education in different groups

组别	选项	人数	一致人数	χ²值	P值
家长性别	男	166	39(23.5)	4.29	0.04
	女	849	268(31.6)
家长年龄/岁^*	＜31	334	128(38.3)	58.95	＜0.01
	31~40	330	122(37.0)
	41~50	124	21(16.9)
	＞50	184	21(11.4)
幼儿园性质	公立	514	181(35.2)	12.18	＜0.01
	私立	501	126(25.1)
孩子就读年级	小班及以下	268	72(26.9)	2.66	0.26
	中班	267	79(29.6)
	大班及以上	480	156(32.5)
孩子是否为独生子女^*	是	313	82(26.2)	3.49	0.06
	否	696	223(32.0)
孩子的性别	男	526	148(28.1)	2.30	0.13
	女	489	159(32.5)
家庭年总收入/万元^*	＜1	218	58(26.6)	5.14	0.08
	1~5	476	141(29.6)
	＞5	284	101(35.6)
家庭居住地^*	农村	647	180(27.8)	6.19	0.01
	城镇	341	121(35.5)
母亲文化程度^*	小学及以下	115	13(11.3)	25.55	＜0.01
	初中	480	165(34.4)
	中专/高中	302	89(29.5)
	大专/本科及以上	97	36(37.1)
父亲文化程度^*	小学及以下	112	22(19.6)	7.59	0.06
	初中	517	169(32.7)
	中专/高中	264	84(31.8)
	大专/本科及以上	104	31(29.8)
孩子主要照顾人^*	父母	730	259(35.5)	33.23	＜0.01
	非父母	275	46(16.7)
与孩子关系	父母	754	273(36.2)	49.38	＜0.01
	非父母	261	34(13.0)
认为性教育应由谁负责^*	父母	863	289(33.5)	24.36	＜0.01
	非父母	136	17(12.5)
家人是否对孩子开展过	开展过	306	169(55.2)	129.59	＜0.01
性教育	未开展/不知道	709	138(19.5)
幼儿园是否对孩子开展过	开展过	275	122(44.4)	35.63	＜0.01
性教育	未开展/不知道	740	185(25.0)
孩子是否问过性相关问题	问过	496	204(41.1)	54.45	＜0.01
	没问过/不知道	519	103(19.8)
孩子是否有过性相关行为	有过	261	98(37.5)	8.88	＜0.01
	没有过/不知道	754	209(27.7)
注： ()内数字为百分率/%，*表示数据有缺失值。

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表 2 家长幼儿性教育知信行一致率的多因素非条件Logistic回归分析(n=1 015)

Table 2. Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis on the consistency rate of parents' knowledge, attitude and practice about early children's sex education(n=1 015)

自变量与常量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
家长年龄/岁	＜31	1.68	0.31	29.71	＜0.01	5.35(2.93~9.77)
	31~40	1.57	0.31	26.46	＜0.01	4.82(2.65~8.76)
	41~50	0.86	0.39	4.82	0.03	2.37(1.10~5.11)
母亲文化程度	初中	1.30	0.38	11.79	＜0.01	3.67(1.75~7.69)
	中专/高中	1.04	0.39	7.21	＜0.01	2.83(1.32~6.05)
	大专/本科及以上	1.69	0.44	14.57	＜0.01	5.44(2.23~12.98)
孩子是否问过性相关问题	问过	0.69	0.17	17.13	＜0.01	2.00(1.44~2.78)
家人是否对孩子开展过性教育	开展过	1.68	0.18	92.09	＜0.01	5.38(3.82~7.59)
认为性教育应由谁负责	父母	0.95	0.31	9.23	＜0.01	2.58(1.40~4.74)
常量		-5.12	0.55	87.91	＜0.01

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