贵州省大学生心肺复苏知识态度行为现状及其相关因素

龙建梅; 张天喜; 刘小会; 李丽; 潘小莹; 童青青; 高绘明; 胡汝均

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.07.012

贵州省大学生心肺复苏知识态度行为现状及其相关因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.07.012

龙建梅^{1, 2},
张天喜¹,
刘小会^{1, 2},
李丽^{1, 2},
潘小莹^{1, 2},
童青青^{1, 2},
高绘明³,
胡汝均^4, ,

1.
遵义医科大学附属医院急诊科，贵州 563000
2.
遵义医科大学护理学院
3.
遵义医科大学附属医院护理部
4.
遵义医科大学附属医院重症医学科

基金项目:

2022年度贵州茅台医院科研与人才培养资金项目 MTyk2022-18

详细信息

作者简介:
龙建梅(1998-)，女，贵州黔东南人，在读硕士，护师，主要研究方向为急危重症护理

通讯作者:
胡汝均，E-mail：hurujunok@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R605.974 G478 R193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-24
- 修回日期: 2023-04-18
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-25

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge, attitude and practice among college students and its related factors in Guizhou Province

LONG Jianmei^{1, 2},
ZHANG Tianxi¹,
LIU Xiaohui^{1, 2},
LI Li^{1, 2},
PAN Xiaoying^{1, 2},
TONG Qingqing^{1, 2},
GAO Huiming³,
HU Rujun^{4
, ,}

1.
Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi(563000), Guizhou Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解贵州省大学生心肺复苏(CPR)知信行现状及其影响因素，为提高大学生的CPR知识、态度、行为提供依据。方法于2022年2—6月，采用滚雪球抽样方法，通过目的抽样选取贵州省内高校教师和在校大学生，自行设计调查问卷对1 199名在校大学生开展线上调查并进行统计学分析。结果大学生CPR知识知晓率平均值为62.2%，CPR态度和行为合格率平均值分别为97.0%和94.1%；知识与态度、知识与行为、态度与行为之间均呈正相关(r值分别为0.44，0.37，0.71，P值均 < 0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示，医学相关专业、文化程度(本科, 硕士及以上)与大学生CPR知识水平呈正相关(B值分别为7.83，5.73，8.09)；家庭居住地为农村与大学生CPR态度呈负相关(B=-0.90)；会使用自动体外除颤仪(AED)，给他人实施过CPR与大学生知识(B值分别为3.48，3.64)、行为(B值分别为0.45，0.46)呈正相关；参加过CPR培训、学习成绩(良好，优秀)与大学生CPR知识(B值分别为13.78，1.11，3.96)、态度(B值分别为2.08，0.66，2.11)、行为(B值分别为0.62，0.33，1.13)均呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。结论贵州省大学生对CPR的态度和行为较积极，但相关知识不足。参加过CPR培训、学习成绩较好是大学生CPR知识、态度及行为的共同正性相关因素。
- 心肺复苏术 /
- 健康知识、态度、实践 /
- 健康教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate current situation and influencing factors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge, attitude, and practices among college students in Guizhou Province, and to provide evidence for improving CPR knowledge, attitude, and practice among college students. Methods From February to June 2022, snowball sampling and purposive sampling methods were used to select college teachers and students in Guizhou Province. A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey on 1 199 college students. Results The average awareness rate of CPR knowledge among college students was 62.2%; the average qualification rates for CPR attitude and practice were 97.0% and 94.1% respectively. Positive correlations were found between knowledge and attitudes, knowledge and practices, as well as attitudes and practices (r=0.44, 0.37, 0.71, P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that medical-related majors, and higher education levels (bachelor's, master's and above) were positively correlated with CPR knowledge among college students (B=7.83, 5.73, 8.09). Students from rural areas demonstrated a negative correlation with CPR attitudes (B=-0.90). The use of automated external defibrillators (AED), previous CPR experience on others were positively correlated with CPR knowledge (B=3.48, 3.64), and practices (B=0.45, 0.46) among college students. Participation in CPR training and academic performance (good, excellent) were positively correlated with CPR knowledge (B=13.78, 1.11, 3.96), attitudes (B=2.08, 0.66, 2.11), and practices (B=0.62, 0.33, 1.13) among college students (P < 0.05). Conclusion College students in Guizhou Province have positive attitude and practice towards CPR, but are lack of sufficient CPR knowledge. CPR training and high academic performance are positively correlated with CPR knowledge, attitude, and practice among college students.
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation /
- Health knowledge, attitudes, practice /
- Health education /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 大学生CPR知识态度行为及自我效能选项分布(n=1 199)

Table 1. Distribution of CPR knowledge, attitude, practice and self-efficacy options among college students(n=1 199)

知信行	条目	非常清楚/非常同意/非常愿意/ 非常有把握	清楚/同意/ 愿意/有把握	一般/不清楚	不清楚/不同意/ 不愿意/没把握	非常不清楚/非常不同意/非常不愿意/完全没把握
知识	“黄金时间”为多少分钟	423(35.3)	488(40.7)	224(18.7)	60(5.0)	4(0.3)
	判断患者是否有呼吸	436(36.4)	496(41.4)	193(16.1)	67(5.6)	7(0.6)
	判断患者是否发生CA	386(32.2)	438(36.5)	247(20.6)	120(10.0)	8(0.7)
	为什么要双手拍肩大声呼叫患者	422(35.2)	457(38.1)	200(16.7)	108(9.0)	12(1.0)
	CPR时手的按压位置	401(33.4)	425(35.4)	225(18.8)	138(11.5)	10(0.8)
	CPR时的按压手法	383(31.9)	375(31.3)	228(19.0)	201(16.8)	12(1.0)
	CPR时每min按压次数	359(29.9)	335(27.9)	189(15.8)	296(24.7)	20(1.7)
	胸外按压的深度	340(28.4)	299(24.9)	215(17.9)	319(26.6)	26(2.2)
	开放患者气道的方法	317(26.4)	294(24.5)	210(17.5)	356(29.7)	22(1.8)
	单人CPR胸外按压与人工呼吸比	312(26.0)	280(23.4)	185(15.4)	396(33.0)	26(2.2)
	CPR的顺序	307(25.6)	315(26.3)	194(16.2)	356(29.7)	27(2.3)
	判断患者抢救成功	319(26.6)	339(28.3)	242(20.2)	283(23.6)	16(1.3)
态度	学习CPR很有必要	797(66.5)	370(30.9)	24(2.0)	5(0.4)	3(0.3)
	胸部按压对于挽救CA患者的生命非常重要	727(60.6)	421(35.1)	44(3.7)	6(0.5)	1(0.1)
	公众应该学习CPR，以便帮助他人	757(63.1)	404(33.7)	31(2.6)	5(0.4)	2(0.2)
	对学习CPR知识与技能很感兴趣	662(55.2)	478(39.9)	51(4.3)	7(0.6)	1(0.1)
	参加CPR培训	708(59.0)	460(38.4)	27(2.3)	4(0.3)	0
	CPR应列入学校教学内容	717(59.8)	447(37.3)	32(2.7)	2(0.2)	1(0.1)
	公共场所应配备急救设备	702(58.5)	469(39.1)	27(2.3)	1(0.1)	0
	学校、社区、单位应定期开展CPR培训	682(56.9)	485(40.5)	30(2.5)	2(0.2)	0
	实施救助是一种美德	720(60.1)	451(37.6)	26(2.2)	2(0.2)	0
	及时施救会挽救CA患者的生命	738(61.6)	438(36.5)	20(1.7)	2(0.2)	1(0.1)
行为	为熟人做胸外心脏按压	728(60.7)	432(36.0)	34(2.8)	2(0.2)	3(0.3)
	为熟人做人工呼吸	691(57.6)	458(38.2)	46(3.8)	3(0.3)	1(0.1)
	为陌生人做胸外心脏按压	638(53.2)	490(40.9)	64(5.3)	4(0.3)	3(0.3)
	为陌生人做人工呼吸	579(48.3)	496(41.4)	110(9.2)	13(1.1)	1(0.1)
自我效能	能正确评估患者是否发生CA	232(19.3)	468(39.0)	334(27.9)	146(12.2)	19(1.6)
	能正确实施胸外心脏按压	226(18.8)	400(33.4)	337(28.1)	204(17.0)	32(2.7)
	能正确实施人工呼吸	245(20.4)	421(35.1)	309(25.8)	194(16.2)	30(2.5)
	能正确使用AED	133(11.1)	234(19.5)	386(32.2)	300(25.0)	146(12.2)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 不同组别大学生CPR知识态度行为得分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of CPR knowledge, attitude and practice scores of college students with different groups(x±s)

组别	选项	人数	统计值	知识得分	态度得分	行为得分
性别	男	130		41.98±11.61	44.94±5.36	17.66±2.33
	女	1 069		44.88±11.51	45.76±4.89	17.96±2.28
			t值	-2.72	-1.67	-1.42
			P值	< 0.01	0.10	0.16
文化程度	大专	1 087		43.95±11.42	45.51±4.94	17.88±2.29
	本科	89		49.99±11.36	47.01±5.04	18.37±2.32
	硕士及以上	23		52.74±10.13	48.00±3.59	18.52±2.09
			F值	17.60	6.44	2.68
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.07
专业	非医学相关	32		36.09±9.41	43.97±6.29	17.53±2.65
	医学相关	1 167		44.80±11.52	45.72±4.90	17.94±2.28
			t值	-5.13	-1.56	-1.00
			P值	< 0.01	0.13	0.32
学习成绩	一般	536		42.95±11.10	45.07±5.09	17.70±2.26
	良好	597		45.40±11.64	45.97±4.83	18.04±2.32
	优秀	66		50.15±11.88	47.83±3.96	18.83±1.93
			F值	14.83	11.50	8.56
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
家庭居住地	城市/乡镇	392		45.66±11.80	46.42±4.85	18.16±2.26
	农村	807		44.04±11.39	45.31±4.96	17.82±2.30
			t值	2.28	3.71	2.47
			P值	0.02	< 0.01	0.01
是否给他人实施	否	1 052		43.12±11.34	45.39±5.04	17.81±2.30
过CPR	是	147		54.91±6.74	47.67±3.71	18.77±2.02
			t值	-17.96	-6.64	-5.28
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
是否参加过CPR	否	636		37.06±9.13	44.43±5.29	17.52±2.41
培训	是	563		53.05±7.36	47.07±4.10	18.40±2.05
			t值	-33.54	-9.68	-6.85
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
是否会使用AED	否	1 041		42.97±11.29	45.36±5.02	17.80±2.32
	是	158		55.11±6.65	47.73±3.85	18.75±1.86
			t值	-13.17	-5.70	-4.90
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01

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表 3 大学生CPR知识态度行为影响因素的线性回归分析(n=1 199)

Table 3. Linear regression analysis of factors influencing CPR knowledge, attitudes and practice among college students(n=1 199)

因变量	自变量	选项	B值	t值	P值
知识	是否参加过CPR培训	是	13.78	26.54	< 0.01
	是否会使用AED	是	3.48	4.51	< 0.01
	是否给他人实施过CPR	是	3.64	4.80	< 0.01
	学习成绩	良好	1.11	2.31	0.02
		优秀	3.96	3.74	< 0.01
	专业	医学相关	7.83	4.85	< 0.01
	文化程度	本科	5.73	4.60	< 0.01
		硕士及以上	8.09	3.40	< 0.01
态度	是否参加过CPR培训	是	2.08	6.89	< 0.01
	学习成绩	良好	0.66	2.35	0.02
		优秀	2.11	3.40	< 0.01
	家庭居住地	农村	-0.90	-3.07	< 0.01
行为	是否参加过CPR培训	是	0.62	4.37	< 0.01
	学习成绩	良好	0.33	2.47	0.01
		优秀	1.13	3.82	< 0.01
	是否会使用AED	会	0.45	2.10	0.04
	是否给他人实施过CPR	是	0.46	2.20	0.03

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