北京市海淀区中小学生独立购买食物行为及影响因素

朱淑萍; 曹庆久

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.06.017

北京市海淀区中小学生独立购买食物行为及影响因素

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.06.017

朱淑萍¹,
曹庆久²

1.
北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心，100094
2.
北京大学精神卫生研究所/国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 81873804

详细信息

作者简介:
朱淑萍(1976-)，女，山东莱芜人，硕士，副主任医师，主要从事预防医学工作

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R155.1 R153.2 R195
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-01
- 修回日期: 2023-04-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-06-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-25

Independent food purchasing behavior and associated factors among primary and secondary school students in Haidian District, Beijing

ZHU Shuping¹,
CAO Qingjiu²

1.
Haidian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing(100094), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中小学生独立购买食物行为状况及购买食物考虑因素，为制定和实施相应干预措施提供依据。方法采用二阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，于2021年3—5月选取北京市海淀区976名中小学生作为研究对象进行问卷调查，采用χ²检验分析学生购买食物情况及考虑因素。结果中学生经常独立购买食物的比例(22.79%)高于小学生(16.77%)(χ²=5.58，P < 0.05)，中学生和小学生有时独立购买食物的比例分别为66.32%和60.33%(χ²=3.78，P>0.05)，中学生从不独立购买食物的比例(10.88%)低于小学生(22.90%)(χ²=25.10，P < 0.05)，中学生和小学生经常和家长一起购买食物的比例分别为30.80%和32.52%(χ²=0.33，P>0.05)。中学生购买食物时经常考虑的因素前5位依次为“味道、卫生情况、生产日期、自己的心情、广告宣传”，小学生经常考虑的因素前5位依次为“卫生情况、味道、生产日期、广告宣传、品质”。中学生和小学生购买食物时经常考虑“营养价值、能量水平、种类搭配”等营养方面因素的比例较低，差异均无统计学意义(χ²值分别为3.25，2.93，3.06，P值均>0.05)。结论中小学生独立购买食物行为普遍存在，营养意识水平较低。应从学校、家庭、社会等多维度对中小学生进行有效的综合营养干预，引导其合理选购食物和健康饮食。
- 食品 /
- 行为 /
- 饮食习惯 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To examine independent food purchasing behavior and influence factors among primary and secondary school students, and to provide evidence for formulating and implementing corresponding intervention measures. Methods Using a two-stage stratified random cluster sampling principle, 976 primary and secondary school students in Haidian District of Beijing were selected to participate in a questionnaire survey from March to May 2021, and students' independent food purchases and associated factors were considered. Results The proportion of middle school students who often purchased food independently (22.79%) was higher than that of primary school students(16.77%)(χ²=5.58, P < 0.05). The proportion of middle school students and primary school students who sometimes purchased food independently was 66.32% and 60.33%, respectively(χ²=3.78, P>0.05). The proportion of middle school students who never purchased food independently (10.88%) was lower than that of primary school students(22.90%)(χ²=25.10, P < 0.05). The proportion of middle school students and primary school students who often purchased food with their parents was 30.80% and 32.52%, respectively(χ²=0.33, P>0.05). The factors that primary and secondary school students often considered when purchasing food included personal factors (e.g., physical and psychological factors), family factors, social factors, and the food itself. The top five factors that middle school students often considered when purchasing food were taste, hygiene, production date, student's mood, and advertisement. The top five factors that primary school students often considered when purchasing food were hygiene, taste, production date, advertising, and quality. The proportion of students with consideration of nutritional value, calorie level and collocation type, as well as other nutritional factors, when purchasing food was low, no significant differences were observed between primary and middle school students(χ²=3.25, 2.93, 3.06, P>0.05). Conclusion Independent food purchasing behavior is prevalent among primary and secondary school students. Nutritional awareness among middle and primary school students is low. Effective and comprehensive nutrition interventions should be actively carried out for primary and secondary school students, while considering multiple dimensions such as schools, families and society, so as to encourage students to adopt a healthy diet.
- Food /
- Behavior /
- Food habits /
- Students
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表 1 不同学段学生购买食物时经常考虑的因素报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the reporting rates of factors that students often considered when purchasing food in different school sections

学段	人数	营养价值	能量水平	种类搭配	味道	气味	外观	外包装	品质	生产日期	卫生情况	是否方便	价格
中学	487	221(45.38)	161(33.06)	209(42.92)	420(86.24)	289(59.34)	193(39.63)	171(35.11)	370(75.98)	404(82.96)	415(85.22)	272(55.85)	271(55.65)
小学	489	194(39.67)	137(28.02)	183(37.42)	388(79.35)	264(53.99)	163(33.33)	155(31.70)	316(64.62)	361(73.82)	407(83.23)	187(38.24)	251(51.33)
χ²值		3.25	2.93	3.06	8.14	2.85	4.18	1.28	15.06	12.01	0.72	30.38	1.83
P值		0.07	0.09	0.08	<0.01	0.09	0.04	0.26	<0.01	<0.01	0.40	<0.01	0.18

学段	人数	有无赠品	广告宣传	自己的喜好与厌恶		自己的心情	是否吃过	同学朋友等吃某种食物时自己也想吃	通过食物结交朋友	家中食用频率	家长喜欢或经常吃某种食物	家长的提示或教育	考试成绩好或表现好时家长的奖励
中学	487	92(18.89)	371(76.18)	311(63.86)		372(76.39)	220(45.17)	177(36.34)	38(7.80)	211(43.33)	99(20.33)	150(30.80)	139(28.54)
小学	489	160(32.72)	319(65.24)	220(44.99)		315(64.42)	189(38.65)	178(36.40)	57(11.66)	169(34.56)	112(22.90)	184(37.63)	188(38.45)
χ²值		24.36	14.11	35.03		16.78	4.27	<0.01	4.12	7.89	0.96	5.05	10.74
P值		<0.01	<0.01	<0.01		<0.01	0.04	0.99	0.04	0.01	0.33	0.03	<0.01
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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