Surveillance on pinworm infection among rural children in Anhui Province from 2017 to 2021
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摘要:
目的 了解安徽省农村地区3~9岁儿童蛲虫感染现状,为制定蛲虫病防控策略提供科学依据。 方法 按照《全国肝吸虫病和土源性线虫病监测方案(试行)》要求,2017—2021年,在安徽省每年选取不低于10%的县(市、区)作为流动监测点。各监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每片区抽取1个乡(镇、街道)的1个行政村开展监测。对各监测点中3~9岁儿童采用改良加藤厚涂片法和透明胶带肛拭法进行蛲虫感染检测,采用χ2检验对儿童感染率等指标进行比较。 结果 2017—2021年,安徽省儿童蛲虫5年平均感染率为1.34%(128/9 557),历年感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);改良加藤厚涂片法和透明胶带肛拭法的检出率分别为0.28%和1.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=72.97,P < 0.01)。不同地区中阜阳市农村地区5年平均感染率最高,为4.27%;各市5年平均感染率与当地常住人口数存在正相关(r=0.54,P < 0.05)。男、女童的5年平均感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);农村地区3~9岁儿童的5年平均感染率分别为0.62%,1.10%,1.44%,1.57%,0.94%,2.09%和1.57%,且有随年龄增长而升高的趋势(χ2=14.41,χ趋势2=6.70,P值均 < 0.05);散居儿童和集体生活儿童的平均感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 安徽省农村地区2017—2021年儿童蛲虫感染率变化不大,总体保持在较低水平。应继续加强健康教育和监测工作。 Abstract:Objective To understand the status of pinworm infection in rural children aged 3-9 years in Anhui Province, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control strategy of pinworm disease. Methods According to the National Surveillance Program of Liver Fluke Disease and Soil Transmitted Nematodiasis(Trial), no less than 10% counties(cities and districts) in Anhui Province were selected as mobile surveillance sites every year. Each surveillance site was divided into 5 areas on the basis of geographical location(east, west, south, north and middle), from each of the areas, one administrative village was selected from one township(town, community) for conducting surveillance. Children at age 3-9 years from each site were examined for pinworm infection with the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and the adhesive cellophane tape perianal swab method. Chi-square test was used to compare the infection rate. Results From 2017 to 2021, the 5-year average infection rate of pinworm in rural Anhui was 1.34%(128/9 557), and there was no significant difference in the infection rate over the years(P>0.05). The detection rates of the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and the adhesive cellophane tape perianal swab method were 0.28% and 1.23%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=72.97, P < 0.01). In different regions, the 5-year average infection rate of Fuyang City was the highest(4.27%), and the rate of each city was positively correlated with the number of local resident population(r=0.54, P < 0.05). There was no significant sex difference in the 5-year average infection rates(P>0.05). The 5-year average infection rate of children aged 3 to 9 years in rural areas were 0.62%, 1.10%, 1.44%, 1.57%, 0.94%, 2.09% and 1.57%, respectively, showed an increasing trend with the increase of age(χ2=14.41, χtrend2=6.70, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the average infection rate between scattered children and collectively living children(P>0.05). Conclusion From 2017 to 2021, the infection rate of pinworm among children in rural Anhui province remains at a low level. In the future, health education and monitoring should be strengthened. -
Key words:
- Enterobiasis /
- Infection /
- Sentinel surveillance /
- Child /
- Rural population
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。 -
表 1 安徽省2017—2021年农村地区儿童不同检测方法蛲虫感染检出率比较
Table 1. Comparation of the detection rate of pinworm infection in rural children in Anhui Province from 2017 to 2021 by using different detection methods
组别 2017年(n=1 645) 2018年(n=1 271) 2019年(n=2 020) 2020年(n=2 109) 2021年(n=2 562) 合计(n=9 557) 透明胶带肛拭法 23(1.40) 15(1.23) 29(1.44) 22(1.04) 29(1.13) 118(1.23) 改良加藤厚涂片法 3(0.18) 1(0.08) 5(0.25) 4(0.19) 14(0.55) 27(0.28) χ2值 13.86 10.56 17.63 13.14 11.53 72.97 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 注:()内数字为检出率/%。 表 2 安徽省2017—2021年农村地区不同组别儿童蛲虫感染率比较
Table 2. Pinworm infection in different groups children in rural areas of Anhui Province, 2017-2021
组别 选项 统计值 2017年 2018年 2019年 2020年 2021年 合计 检查人数 感染人数 检查人数 感染人数 检查人数 感染人数 检查人数 感染人数 检查人数 感染人数 检查人数 感染人数 性别 男 935 15(1.60) 684 7(1.02) 1 081 20(1.85) 1 146 11(0.96) 1 353 13(0.96) 5 199 66(1.27) 女 710 11(1.55) 537 9(1.68) 939 12(1.28) 963 13(1.35) 1 209 17(1.41) 4 358 62(1.42) χ2值 0.01 0.99 1.06 0.71 1.09 0.42 P值 0.94 0.32 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.52 年龄/岁 3 171 2(1.17) 129 0 319 5(1.57) 286 0 388 1(0.26) 293 8(0.62) 4 236 2(0.85) 187 3(1.60) 257 3(1.17) 330 5(1.52) 348 2(0.57) 1 358 15(1.10) 5 249 5(2.01) 162 1(0.62) 315 6(1.90) 269 3(1.12) 396 5(1.26) 1 391 20(1.44) 6 242 4(1.65) 188 4(2.13) 298 4(1.34) 339 2(0.59) 338 8(2.37) 1 405 22(1.57) 7 245 2(0.82) 183 3(1.64) 299 2(0.67) 289 4(1.38) 370 2(0.54) 1 386 13(0.94) 8 240 6(2.50) 177 2(1.13) 297 7(2.36) 295 5(1.69) 381 9(2.36) 1 390 29(2.09) 9 262 5(1.91) 195 3(1.54) 235 5(2.13) 301 5(1.66) 341 3(0.88) 1 334 21(1.57) χ2值 3.86 5.35 4.07 9.52 14.13 14.41 P值 0.70 0.50 0.68 0.15 0.03 0.03 居住类型 散居 74 1(1.35) 101 0 189 2(1.06) 177 0 167 3(1.80) 708 6(0.85) 集体 1 571 25(1.59) 1 120 16(1.43) 1 831 30(1.64) 1 932 24(1.24) 2 395 27(1.13) 8 849 122(1.38) χ2值 0.00 0.57 0.09 1.26 0.16 1.03 P值 1.00 0.45 0.76 0.26 0.68 0.31 注:()内数字为感染率/%;居住类型中2017—2021年的χ2值为连续性校正值。 -
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